Freedom vs. Liberty, in health insurance reform
The Western world is unique not only in its invention of words such as liberty and freedom but also in having invented so many of them. These words have distinct origins and different shades of meaning. Consider the two leading terms in English usage: liberty and freedom. In early uses, both words implied a power of choice, an ability to exercise one's will, and a condition that was distinct from slavery. In all of those ways, liberty and freedom meant the same thing.
But in other ways their original meanings were different. Our English word liberty comes from the Latin libertas which meant unbounded, unrestricted, and released from restraint.
Freedom has another origin. It derives from a large family of ancient languages in northern Europe. The English word free is related to the Norse fri, the Greman frei, the Dutch vrij. These words share a common root. They descend from the Indo-European priya or friya, which meant dear or beloved. The English words freedom and free have the same root as friend. Free meant someone who was joined to a tribe of free people by ties of kinship and rights of belonging.
In that respect, the original meanings of freedom and liberty were not merely different but opposed. Liberty meant separated, Freedom implied connection.
In the analytic passages throughout this book we shall use the two words liberty and freedom in the original and literal meanings. Liberty will refer to ideas of independence, separation, and autonomy for individuals or groups. Freedom will mean rights of belonging and full membership in a community of free people (whether a tribe, a nation, or humanity itself).
I find this distinction to provide a useful framework to examine many, if not most, political and cultural issues in the United States.
For instance, Obama considers health care a freedom issue: everyone should walk as equals under the same insurance umbrella. That people are left out in the rain is contrary to the American ethos.
Conversely, Republicans see it as a liberty issue. Obama's reform mucks about with the individual's power of choice. In large part, this choice is the choice of how to spend one's money, but there is no small amount of philosophical objection to government telling you what to do -- that's also contrary to the American ethos.
The best issues, the ones most easily championed, are the ones where liberty and freedom are on the same side. American independence, abolition, universal suffrage, for example. But often we do not get to enjoy this luxury, and the two halves of the American dogma have to duke it out for supremacy.
May the best precept win. Or, to be more specific, may the precept that best reflects what America needs to maintain a proper balance between ideologies that are both noble and opposed win.
















You're drawing conclusions on the basis of historical meaning of "freedom" that no longer exists.
I can see how it helps you create an artificial argument in favor of the Democrats.
But it would be more honest if you were to simply state the choice as collectivism versus liberty, because that's what your description of the Obama plan really is.
August 9, 2009 12:53 PM | Reply | Permalink
Actually, the point is to extract myself from thinking about it in terms of my automatic pro-Obama bias and try to understand what the other side is saying -- and recognizing there are noble grounds unlerying their position.
But yeah, if you want to not return the courtesy, go right ahead.
August 9, 2009 1:03 PM | Reply | Permalink
If you want to understand what the other side is saying, why not go to the Founding Fathers or directly to the "dark side"?
Otherwise, it's like trying to understand France by reading French cook books, without having ever been at least to Paris.
August 9, 2009 1:13 PM | Reply | Permalink
Didn't you just tell me not to rely on history? Pls be more consistent in your criticism. Yr confoosing my poor little brain.
August 9, 2009 1:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
There are history books and then there are the actual words of people who created the constitution and this country and explained how and why.
August 9, 2009 1:45 PM | Reply | Permalink
And why should we continue to follow the words of the Founders verbatim? Nobody alive today has voted for a single one of them.
Also, some of the founders had pretty wacky ideas. Take Gouverneur Morris for example: he was insistent that all government should be run by the aristocracy. I assume because poor people are too stupid to govern themselves, or something! Anyway, yeah, so following their words may be, you know, embarrassing? Counter to our ideals? You tell me.
But Morris did have a peg leg. THAT's pretty badass.
August 9, 2009 2:08 PM | Reply | Permalink
"Yr confoosing my poor little brain."
- Yes, it shows...
It took you very little time to go from here:
"the point is to extract myself from thinking about it in terms of my automatic pro-Obama bias and try to understand what the other side is saying -- and recognizing there are noble grounds unlerying their position."
to here:
"And why should we continue to follow the words of the Founders verbatim? Nobody alive today has voted for a single one of them."
which only means that when I said this:
"I can see how it helps you create an artificial argument in favor of the Democrats. "
...I was spot on.
Anyway, thanks for "trying", kiddo.
August 9, 2009 2:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
Huh?
August 9, 2009 2:34 PM | Reply | Permalink
I suggest you turn to replays of Keith Blahblahmann, otherwise your poor little brain is going to explode.
August 9, 2009 2:40 PM | Reply | Permalink
You're rude.
August 9, 2009 2:49 PM | Reply | Permalink
You're obtuse and insincere, but if I offended you - I'm sorry.
August 9, 2009 2:52 PM | Reply | Permalink
Lalo,
Seriously, the only thing you've accomplished in your comments on this blog is proving your own lack of intelligence. Have a nice day!:)
August 9, 2009 4:14 PM | Reply | Permalink
I agree with everything, except the wish for a nice day.
August 9, 2009 11:07 PM | Reply | Permalink
err "underlying"
August 9, 2009 1:08 PM | Reply | Permalink
Let' move beyond paradox(either/or) and do what serves best on a case by case basis for the 'majority' of the country and try to minimize the effects on the minority where reasonable.
Life is just not a one size fits all reality.
And I don't think all things should be done in perfect balance.
How we handle things should be based on what is 'called for', 'what will serve the majority the best and minimize the costs to the minority where possible'.
The whole elite ruling class government we actually have does not work for the majority. Period. They have made so many stupid and wrong decisions that have adversely affected the majority for ages that we can't sustain many more idiotic decisions on our behalf.
We need to get the profit out of our health care system. This is in the best interest of the majority AND much of the minority(the ruling class elite would be best served by it)
We need the real enforcement of 'rule of law' even among the 'elite' and better regulation to maintain order and re establish some semblance of democracy.
August 9, 2009 1:33 PM | Reply | Permalink
Don't pay any attention to Lalo. He just likes to pick apart the way you say something so he doesn't have to acknowledge that WHAT you say is right. I've noticed twice today he accused people of being dishonest. Projection much?
I thought your points were interesting. I also read somewhere (and everyone's probably heard this before) that Americans tend to discuss freedom as license, ie: Freedom TO do something. People who have lived under repression tend to discuss is as a protection, ie: Freedom FROM (opression, etc). I think that is how the Founding Fathers thought of freedom, based on the way they wrote their documents.
I agree with you about trying to read their minds, though not because we didn't vote for them; because they were downright wrong about some things, like slavery and voting rights for two things. They were very forward thinking, but all people are limited by what is in front of their noses.
I think it makes sense, when specifics are called for, to go back to their basic precepts -- All men are created equal -- (with the current version changed to perhaps, "humans" and going from there. Because even after they said it, when they got down to specifics they just couldn't pull it off; so much for examples of consistency. We've been working on that with amendments and such, but we haven't perfected it yet.
It always strikes me as comical that the right-wing bring out the bible and the Founding Fathers to discuss such things as abortion, which is mentioned by neither. Then these war-monger, death penalty proponents go on to say they are "pro-life," without any embarrassment at all.
Now we talk about health care, and those of us on the left want everyone to be treated as equals, and for the entire country to be better, safer, and more competitive in the world market because of it. The far right says, "NO!" It'll cost too much! So much for doing the right thing. Or, "NO!" the government will take over and intrude into your privacy -- the very people who don't want women to have a medical choice she and her doctor agree on for her -- and the same ones who don't want consenting adults of the same sex to do what they want behind closed doors.
I hear them say frequently that anyone can have health insurance; they just have to pay what it costs, (as though those very Congressmen don't have THEIR health care subsidized by all of us). They are just for freedom, they say --
"Let them have Health Insurance."
I have some advice for them. Read up on French History and see where a similar conceit got Marie Antoinette.
August 9, 2009 6:03 PM | Reply | Permalink
Third para should read:
I agree with you about NOT trying to read their minds...
August 9, 2009 6:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
A little ironic that you urge Eric not to pay any attention to me while you admit to having counted how many times I say "dishonest" in one day.
That's fine by me and unlike you I hold no grudges for our previous and future disagreements.
As for WHAT he said, I addressed it in my very first comment.
He said ".. health care a freedom issue: everyone should walk as equals under the same insurance umbrella.."
Apart from being factually false, Eric's problem with understanding "freedom" is contained in this gem: "the SAME insurance umbrella".
What's left is "everyone". And that's the reason I suggested he should say what he really means: collectivism vs liberty.
August 9, 2009 6:33 PM | Reply | Permalink
I only meant he shouldn't worry about your lame criticisms. I am amazed that you are impressed with the fact that I can count to two. I guess you need to get out more, Lalo. Meet some people; mingle. Come to C'Ville and meet up with us at the Wednesday lunch at the downtown mall. Everyone there can count, we even realize what kind of economy Bush inherited vs Obama, and you have to count higher than two to do that. Gee, it's hard for me to imagine a person wrecking the economy so completely unless it was intentional -- but Bush just went along for the ride -- the intention was Darth Cheney's.
Oh. I have a question. Why should we not "walk as equals under the same insurance umbrella?" True, I would have worded it differently, in fact I would have left insurance out of it completely, but tell me: What is wrong inherently in that statement?
Is it because some people have pre-existing conditions? Some are older? Why, Lalo? Tell me.
August 9, 2009 7:25 PM | Reply | Permalink
I've never been a Bush fan, so I'm going to ignore the reflexive Bush-swipe as an attempt to deflect from you know what.
As for Eric's statement (as opposed to a dramatically abridged extract you turned it into), I already told you that it's factually untrue.
There is also neither freedom nor liberty when "EVERYONE" "SHOULD" walk as equals under "THE SAME" insurance umbrella.
That's pure collectivist argument, it has nothing to do with freedom or liberty which are inherently individual.
Eric was trying to construct a clever snark against the reform opponents using the etimology of freedom and liberty that he picked from some book.
Later in the comments, he revealed that this is what he thinks freedom means, despite his protestations to the contrary.
August 9, 2009 7:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
That's pure collectivist argument, it has nothing to do with freedom or liberty which are inherently individual.
So, you see, every founding father made a copy of the declaration of independence and sent it to the King George individually.
Okay, that's not true, but right AFTER they sent the Declaration of independence, they all went home and had nothing else to do with each other, because that would be antithetical to freedom and liberty.
Well, okay, they did get together. In fact, the Bill of Rights guaranteed peaceful assembly in the first Amendment, but they didn't talk to each other, because that conflicts with freedom and liberty, whatever that means.
August 10, 2009 2:12 AM | Reply | Permalink
"whatever that means"
- Not much..
In fact, NOTHING in your comment makes any sense in the context of this thread.
August 10, 2009 8:20 AM | Reply | Permalink
Did you just go all caps on me? hahahahahahahaha
Blew your mind, huh? I appreciate your admitting that you lack the capacity to make any sense of what I just wrote. That's the first step. Lalo. That's the first step. I'm getting a sliver of hope you might get it some day. Keep coming around. We're starting to rub off on you.
August 10, 2009 12:11 PM | Reply | Permalink
Yes, Lalo, it's all about you.
Congratulations on hijacking yet another thread on TPM. How much do you get paid to disrupt our otherwise constructive conversations here? Been yelling at any townhall meetings lately.
Reply to my comment and say anything you like. I promise not to respond.
-- ARG
August 9, 2009 7:36 PM | Reply | Permalink
"How much do you get paid to disrupt our otherwise constructive conversations here"
- Actually, Eric, CVille and me were the only ones having a conversation until you showed up.
"I promise not to respond."
- OK!!!
August 9, 2009 7:54 PM | Reply | Permalink
Eric, thanks very much for this post. I just ordered the book. I think words are very important, and although the distinction between "freedom" and "liberty" may be lost on most people today, the meanings of these words 230 years ago are still germain to our current struggle to maintain our republic.
And your effort to understand the "other side" in these terms is admirable. The only thing I would say differently is that Republicans frame the health care debate as a liberty issue, in order to incite a constituency who don't see any gray in an issue, and to activate in them a fear response, all designed to attain their overall goal -- which is much less about liberty than money (not to mention raw political power -- which, to them, is basically the same thing as money).
-- ARG
August 9, 2009 7:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
Ugh... germane
Did I mention that words are important?
-- ARG!
August 9, 2009 7:52 PM | Reply | Permalink
You will enjoy the book. It's huge and well-researched, and covers the language of Freedom and Liberty for 200+ years. Also interesting is the palette of subtle cultural differences between the colonies on this subject. For example, New York City was always (and still is!) the purest expression of liberty as a life-philosophy, while colonial Boston was the paragon of Freedom (as Fischer means the word).
August 10, 2009 8:55 PM | Reply | Permalink
Interesting. I incline toward the balance scales occupied on one side by liberty/freedom and on the other by security. I view the left and right going from one side of the scale to the other based solely on the issue. And I think sometimes that the thumb on the scale is what group gets to benefit and whether or not that group can pay.
Take health insurance. To me it's a personal security issue and everyone really agrees that each person should have insurance. The differences are who pays for it and who has earned it--the right says pay for it to earn it and the left says that this leaves out folks who cannot pay for it and don't make enough money to earn it. I view the "freedom/liberty" issues surrounding this debate as a simple smokescreen full of politically acceptable terminology.
My two cents....
August 9, 2009 11:48 PM | Reply | Permalink
I don't know if the monday rain has gotten me in a curmudgeonly mood, but I'm going with Lalo on this one. Eric, you're trying to base your whole argument on the 3000 year old etymological origins of the word 'freedom'. It's really twisting the meaning of the wordg and its connotations. Trying to base the argument for universal health care on the value of freedom, because freedom actually means love and friendship just doesn't make any sense. Freedom isn't the value underlying the case for reform. Sorry.
It's about basic human dignity and the rights that flow from it. It's about basic human decency and the obligations that we as a society have to fulfill. Playing Orwellian games with words is not the way to go here. Conservatives do not believe in these values. And it serves no purpose to try to convince them that they on pain of inconsistency MUST do so. Conservatives, insofar as they don't believe that the poor 'deserve' health care, are a bunch of immoral shitsacks. Call them out on it.
August 10, 2009 12:55 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'm not making an argument. I'm saying that the distinction between the two words provides an interesting framework for evaluating politics in this country. These are broad strokes things.
And "freedom" as I described it does not mean "love and friendship", it means "rights of belonging and full membership in a community of free people", i.e., equality.
August 10, 2009 8:58 PM | Reply | Permalink