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I, 'Knucklehead'


In the early '90s, I spent almost four mostly miserable years driving a cab in San Francisco. One stark memory I have of the ordeal was the day I watched a cabbie recount a tense encounter with some upper-income yuppies in Golden Gate Park.

At the time, the park was all-but closed to traffic on Sundays, to mollify weekend skaters, bicyclists and dog-walkers in the semi-tony west end of the city known as "the avenues".

My compatriot had driven into the park for a fare at the M.H. de Young Museum, as taxis were allowed to make quick in-and-out pick-ups in the park for phoned-in orders. As he was making his way out, he was surrounded by angry pedestrians, demanding to know why he was poisoning their day with his toxic automobile exhaust.

Standing at the pay window that evening, he obviously was still shaken by his experience. Several of the just-minted environmental activists accosting him screamed and shook fists in his face; another threatened him with a skateboard. They decided to let him pass after they noticed his fare, whom he'd picked up with full approval from police patrols, was a handicapped elderly woman with a wheelchair stowed in the trunk.

"It was like lynch mob," he exclaimed, his apprehension blending into angry outrage at being braced so casually by a knot of folks who had no genuine, passionate investment in threatening to beat his brains out, probably earned a lot more income than he did, and drove cars more luxurious than his own. (Paradoxically, they probably considered these vehicles exempt from high standards they demanded of lower-class emissions.)

This mob scene was purely of the moment, feeding some inner moral dominion each of the cabbie's accusers truly believed they deserved. I thought about this yesterday, when Los Angeles Police Chief Bill Bratton dismissed as "knuckleheads" rioters who tore up downtown and the area around Staples Center Sunday night.

If that's true, all of us carry around our Inner Knucklehead. Because I think any of us can "go off" and do something really stupid, something perverse and utterly unlike our true selves, something purely of the moment. It can manifest itself in high moral dudgeon, or frenzied delusions from vicarious athleticism, or just plain evil masquerading as justice. 

We're mass in the universe, and as such, we're relative to time and space. Space, we understand, and it's easy to see how it affects our behavior and mindset. We can acclimate to almost any surroundings - but these environments affect us in ways we may recognize only tangentially. If I were living in an inner-city tenement, I would be a lot different person than I'd be living in the exclusive environs of Malibu. And in both settings, I'd be a lot different than I am in my current reality.

But time affects us just as profoundly. We're creatures very much of the moment. When I was a grade-schooler, I'd see performances of The Beatles ( or just about any British-invasion band ) on television and be swept up by screams of girls in the audience. It was a high-pitched, singular tear across the airwaves. There was no "wave" in the sound, no modulation in tone; it was a static beam of pure wail, and it created excitement on its own, apart from the music to which it responded. Those girls were united in an auditory moment. It erased class and all other distinction. They were, in that instant, one.

It's much the same as lynch mobs or Los Angeles Lakers fans. These groupthink monsters are created in a specific moment. The passions - murderous or brainless - are stoked only by the specific reality alive - or seemingly extant - at the time. Those populating these mobs wouldn't, under normal circumstances, kill others or ram cinder blocks through Metro bus windows. They are, throughout most of their lives, normal, "innocent civilians".

In the past week or so, there's been a lot of discussion about "hate" propelling violence such as the shootings in Wichita and at the Holocaust Museum. In most of these ruminations, hate is broken off as exclusive providence of a political worldview, of "Right-wing thinking". But I think that's a mistake - and potentially a dangerous one. Unfortunately, hate is universal. I think it dwells in all of us, a common downside of the human condition. Hate is no respecter of persons. It's our demon inside, awaiting its chance - its moment - to rampage.

If we believe hate exists only among those holding specific political views, or those whose opinions don't scrupulously match our own, or are confined to this or that race or religious or ethnic group... we court bloodbath. It would be wiser to remove "hate" from politics. Because hate is an emotional component. It is specific and human; it is detached, mostly, from the part of us that is our public face. It may - or may not - inform our politics. To the extent we politicize hate, we allege our own freedom from it; in reality, we mask our own potential to act at its behest. In that, we fool only ourselves. Perhaps, disastrously. We cannot absolve ourselves of "hate" simply by accusing others of harboring it.

Most atrocities in history were committed by people absolutely convinced they were doing the right thing. They were commited by "everyday" folks who, in the time and place they found themselves, followed misdirection from their very own monsters.


17 Comments

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Nice.

I've heard it said that 'everybody needs somebody to hate'.

Sad but it seems like a lot of people really do.

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The one thing I'd point out here is that you are discussing two distinct phenomena. First is the spontaneous "mob action", where the reinforcement of a like-minded group (and concurrent safety of numbers) lowers inhibitions and suspends reason. The second is the recent spate of hate crime - not so much spontaneous as premeditated and enabled by supporters who stand back and watch from a safe distance so as not to dirty their own hands.

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At its source, though, how distinct are these phenomena? If we have the capacity to act - either in premeditated or spontaneous capacity - doesn't that mean the propellent for such action resides, static, within us - regardless of how "momentary" inspiration may be for action? "Groupthink" may enhance inspiration to act, and a trigger may depend timing, or may not; it may be the release of something that has been building over time, not just in an individual, but within a society. My point is that the potential for violence and outrage - hate, if you will - is common to all of us, regardless of whether its manifestation is in a burst of fury, or a slow burn of resentment.

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Very different, Curt. All of us have been "caught up in moments" - thankfully, most of the time the moment is benign. We do things we'd normally not do, whether by way of loosened social inhibitions or simply those actions being somewhat removed from our everyday natures.

Planning and committing a crime of violence is an entirely different act. There is will and calculation involved. The potential for violence there comes from a different place.

Groupthink and herd mentality are related while not identical.

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The potential for violence there comes from a different place.

Nope. I don't think so. The potential for violence is at different degrees. All of us can be swept up in the moment, but not all of us would casually join a lynch mob. All of us have political priorities, but for any of us to commit an act of violence - be it killing an abortion doctor or planting a bomb at an ROTC building - would depend our investment in the act, our belief that it was the right thing to do. This doesn't depend on "different places" or aberrant thinking; it depends on our level of commitment to the act.

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I think you're absolutely right about this, Curt.
Maybe "anger management" seminars should be expanded to consider mob mentality. And maybe those coping techniques should be taught in grade schools, rather than limiting their availability to teenagers and adults who have to attend such programs as a form of penance for acting out. Meaningful gun control laws, of course, wouldn't be a bad backup plan.

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Metoo. No pun intended. Just a little irony. hahaha

I know I have that idiot in my brain stem. Sometimes it is fun to just let him go.

Remember, it was common practice to throw vegetables at performers four or five hundred years ago.

The ancient Greeks knew enough to have laughers, cryers and applauders in the audience during their plays.

Group think will always be with us. We just have to recognize it and attempt to control it from time to time.

Fine post Curt. I love the story about the cabbie.

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Lucky for us we live in a universe of opposite phenomenons. Love, or something like it, works in the same confines of time and space. One recent example that I can think of is the inauguration in January--two million people all feeling positive in the same place at the same time. The positive energy was electric. Now, if we could only figure out a way to turn the negative into positive and channel it.

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Personally, I don't think this sort of behavior comes from our lizard brain (brain stem). I have a tribe of Spiny Lizards (Sceloporus magister) living in my yard, and there is nothing impulsive about their behavior. The male, who is twice the size of the ladies, has carefully forged a relationship with me over several months. When I go outside, he'll come up to me, do some push-ups, and hang for a while until either of us gets bored. The ladies, on the other hand, are shy and run and hide whenever I'm around. I think our lizard brains kick in in situations such as jumping up and down when we're standing on hot sand at the beach.

Conrad Aiken's terrific short-story "Impulse" has the protagonist, Michael Lowes, impulsively pocketing an electric razor (as I recall) in a store while waiting for a commuter bus. He gets caught, and a chain of events follows that ruin his life. But the story was written around 1920, when Sigmund Freud was all the rage. Thus Aiken fleshes out the plot with the news that Lowes act really wasn't impulsive, but rather the culmination of innate psychological motives.

For me, Aiken's lesson is that behavior involving impulse, group think, mob violence are not a matter of "human nature" but are quite cultural. I'll bet there's no word for "mob" in Arunta, Ifagao or Inuit. I can't even imagine what a Colombian Kogi teenager would think of a Laker's victory.

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That's an interesting idea about mob mentality as cultural phenomenon. But the flip side of "mob mentality" is collective action to hunt or defend the community from danger. Everything, except potato-chip craving, has an upside and downside; I don't have a word for that specific addiction, but, damnably, it runs a good part of my life.

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Spudoholic? GrannyGooseophelia? Pringelitus? Have you tried your local feed store for a salt-lick?

Sure, defending the community is probably very ancient behavior, but is "mob?" Take Tenochitlan, which probably sported a population of 200K or more at the time of Cortes. They had more than one regular yearly bash where everyone in town got stupid drunk, but they didn't run around downtown smashing things. There's something there...some reason why sports fans, spring breakers, Mardi Gras revelers want to smash things, and I don't think its "human nature" or any kind of universal trait.

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Another related branch of what you are talking about:

http://www.edmunds.com/reviews/list/top10/110033/article.html

It's amazing how the suggestions there apply to a lot of other situations.

I saw something recently about "where has all the road rage" gone? (Remember the Michael Douglas movie "Falling Down" of 1993, where a sort of road rage escalates into pyschotic madness?) I think some people have transferred it to when they are "driving" their computers when comemnting on political websites. It's not physically hurting anyone, but make no mistake, it's hurting the ones doing it. Verbal abuse is abuse, and if you inure yourself to it by regularly practicing it, you are more likely to do it to your loved ones and acquaintances, making it hard for society to operate. Some people have such bad tempers that they need medication to deal with it, but we are not all handicapped in that manner and shouldn't think it's something that's "good" just because the person being attacked is not someone you like.

As to the mob thing, I do think that is something else, not related to verbal abuse. And I think it is also much more important. I always like to recommend everyone read Gustav Le Bon's The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind of 1895, which was introduced to me in a course on the history of facism as a freshman long long ago, by a professor who was an expert on the topic. The theories in it were utilized by some of our more famous demagogues and dictators of the 20th century in manipulating crowds.

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P.S. While Michael Douglas in "Falling Down" does the now classic narrative of what can happen with the rage of the alienated lone wolf in the modern world,

it is the potential of mob action via such things like text messaging or twitter which is more dangerous. It's not been used for any major ill yet, mostly for fun or for good, but it could be a nightmare some day. Not for nothing do regimes like those in Iran and China try to regulate the things with viral potential, they know what can be done with them. Gustave Le Bon had no idea of such tools to manipulate crowds when he was writing....it's really something I watch for--see my post here 3 years ago: Just keeping track of the digital lynch mob phenomenon.

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Le Bon's book certainly was prescient, to be sure, and should be required reading for anyone trying to make sense of the 20th century - and today. But by the 1890s, the first, primitive beginnings of mass media had started, with technological advances in communication like the telephone, telegraph and transatlantic cable. Reading accounts of these marvels of the day, they were considered harbingers of a more peaceful world, since people - and nations - could keep in closer touch. I suppose these instruments instead allowed more people to understand better how little they cared for each other.

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"Most atrocities in history were committed by people absolutely convinced they were doing the right thing."

I think this is at the root of the problem. Absolutism. Purism and extremism are both driven by it. Certainly no political party or philosophy owns a monopoly on absolutist views. Purists and extremists come in all stripes. Our present situation, however, is that the GOP has become a party of, by, and for absolutists.

Not all Republicans are so, but their party has rapidly become dominated by leadership voices and a base that are. At least, they are far more so than is true on the left at this time. Times can and do change, of course, but this is the destabilizing political situation the nation is facing today.

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The Right's absolutism is one of political expediency, and this kind of radical rabble-rousing has been very successful in the past few decades. Appealing to emotions cuts through troublesome reality - and provides seductively simple answers to inherently complex questions. Such nonsense, reaching stupid and violence-prone audients, always leads to disaster. The Left's absolutism is at least dogmatically pure, fabricating apparition that it offers exclusively valid political vision - with compelling moral dimension, as well.

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I am not an admirer of humans or dogs as a group even though I have loved a few of each. One big reason is that they are both pack animals. I was once in a group which turned into a destructive mob. It was at the Festival of Life Rock Concert on a river somewhere in Louisiana in about '71 or '72. The concession area consisted of about five or six trucks backed up in a semi-circle to tables. The trucks were filled with water, milk, sandwiches, and other edibles which they were selling to long lines of peace loving hippies, me included.
On the second or third day as I stood in line some guy ran behind the row of tables grabbing whatever was on them and throwing the stuff to the crowd while he screamed that everything was free. Almost instantly the lines broke and the trucks were stormed and everything was stolen.
Later in life I owned an Airedale dog which I loved. I met a person who gave me another one. It had been used as a pack buster. The guy would bounty hunt coyotes on the New Mexico desert. He would take his dirt bike and four Grayhounds and the one Airedale out and drive 'till he spotted a Coyote. He would turn the dogs loose and then get on his bike and follow. The Greyhounds would catch and surround the coyote but would only stay in a circle around it keeping it at bay. When the slower Airedale got there it would bust right through the pack and hit the coyote. Then all the Greyhounds would jump into the fight. I never saw that happen, only heard descriptions, but it reminded me of the scene in Louisiana.
It also reminded me of when I was 11 years old and had a paper route in a fairly poor part of Tulsa, Oklahoma. Many times I walked backwards for a long ways keeping a viciously snarling dog his distance. As long as there was only one it was easy to keep them off by just looking at them. I have found that to be true of most dogs and most humans. After a while I learned to get a good throwing rock and as I backed up a street I would turn and run a few steps and then turn quickly back towards the dog which was now sprinting towards my heels and nail it in the head as hard as I could with the rock.
I am convinced that it is human nature to be a part of a pack and that there is a small percentage of humans and dogs that instinctively know how to lead a pack.

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San Fernando Curt

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  • Location North Hollywood, CA
  • Party Democratic
  • Politics Neo-Realist

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  • Favorite Books "Dreadnought" by Robert K. Massie "The Power and the Glory" by Graham Greene "Lamprey!" by Jerry Verlan "The Reichsfuhrer Calls You 'Bitchmeat'" by Turner Luce
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Making it happen here in the San Fernando Valley - sunshine, car-jackings and facial tattoos. Livin' the high!

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