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The Auto Bailout Is Going Off the Road


GM just announced it was laying of 21,000 more of its workers, as a means of assurring the Treasury Department the company is worthy of more bailout money. A Treasury official was quoted as saying approvingly that the goal is a "slimmed-down" GM.

What? Having General Motors or Chrysler cut tens of thousands of jobs in order to be eligible for a government bailout reminds me of "saving" Vietnam by bombing it to smithereens. Aren't we giving these companies billions of taxpayer dollars to save jobs? If not, we're just transferring money from taxpayers to GM and Chrysler bondholders and shareholders.

I agree with those who say the United States needs an auto industry. But there's no point spending tens of billions of taxpayer dollars for an auto industry that's a tiny fragment of what it was before. We could achieve that objective by doing nothing.

Besides, as I've said before, the "American auto industry" shouldn't be defined as auto companies whose headquarters are in the United States. The true "American auto industry" is Americans who make automobiles. At the rate the Big Three are shrinking even as they’re bailed out, foreign automakers with American plants may soon employ more Americans than the Big Three do. The Big Three have gone global anyway. A Pontiac G8 shipped by GM from Australia contains far less American labor than a BMW X5 assembled in the United States. General Motors' European subsidiaries include Opel and Saab. Ford also has operations around the world. It even owns Volvo.

The purpose of any auto bailout ought to be to help American auto workers keep their jobs, regardless of whether they work for GM or Toyota or anyone else. Or if they lose their jobs, help them get new ones that pay almost as well. Yet we’re doing exactly the opposite: We're paying GM and Chrysler billions of taxpayer dollars to keep them afloat while they cut tens of thousands of American jobs and slash wages. There's no good reason why taxpayers should foot any of this bill unless the Big Three agree to keep their workers employed while they try to turn themselves around.

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This is spot on Bob.

Why 'help' a corporation to fire workers when the ostensible point of the help was to preserve jobs?

The same thing is true of the banks.

I think the Treasury should have set up a bank to make commercial paper type loans and have competed with the banking 'industry' (who are lobbying against reform even while taking money!)

They should have let the big banks - and they're lobbying power in DC - DIE, and then simply set up a 'public utility' federal banking system that would have lent alongside healthier remaining banks.

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Makes sense. An employee of one of the big-three recently said that "(GM) makes cars to make loans" - apparently far more profitable than making cars - so why shouldn't the American tax-payers be in the loan business.

And, seems to me, Dr. Reich, that the auto industry is merely following the 'advice' of that stellar? free-market capitalist, Milton Friedman, that corporations have no business engaging in socially beneficial acts, even in being socially responsible. A capitalist is only responsible for making as much profit as possible.

But, it would seem that the tentacles of profit at all costs are even allowed to threaten my quality of life. We Californians voted to require cars sold here to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 30 percent by model year 2016 at which point we were sued by 9 global automakers to block what we had voted for - 7 of which, by the way, weren't even American citizens.

So now, even when the voters of a state have decided to adopt an act ultimately beneficial to them and theirs, the profit mongers, who ostensibly don't traffic in socially beneficial or responsible acts, do when they threaten to cut into their profits.

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Doing nothing means Chapter 7. GM and Chrysler shut down and liquidate. Ditto their dealers and suppliers. 3 million jobs lost, billions and billions of investor money gone.

This guy Reich was a government official?

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Ummm ... Doing nothing for Citi, Wells Fargo, AIG, et al meant $600B in direct gov't funds plus trillions in guarantees. Why was that largesse so readily available for the clowns of finance that did more than anyone to bring on this fiasco but blue collar workers must be cut or have their pay cut so Chrysler & GM's bond holders will stay whole? The auto workers have to sacrifice and grovel to get $25-30B.

Reich's larger point is that the LAST thing we need in this economic environment is more lost jobs. Yet, here is the Treasury cheering on GM/Chrysler as they axe the middle class.

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Car companies are supposed to make cars. If the cars they make are not bought by people, are not the cars people want, then they should be closed. They are wasting precious resources.

However, car companies are huge enterprises. Letting them go under has tremendous negative implications for the economy, for our ability to defend ourselves, for the lives of millions. The administration is trying to find a way to keep them going, to downsize and reorganize them so that what's left can be profitable and, hopefully, return to being creative and constructive.

Reich's concern for unemployed workers is commendable. But his thinking is horribly muddled. If the government is going to use tax dollars to provide jobs then those jobs should make sense. Can't he see that there are better uses of labor and tax dollars than producing cars no one wants? Start another WPA if no one can think of anything better.

The banks were saved because the disorderly failure of Lehman scared the shit out of everyone, including Krugman, Stiglitz, Roubini, etc. The method chosen to save them reflected, in part, the philosophy of the Bush administration, and, in part, the power of wealth. But your class envy blinds you to the tremendous losses that the wealthy and powerful have already suffered, and to the skills and intelligence they possess which have allowed them to rise to their positions.

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American auto sales were not the problem that put the auto companies in dire straights. They were selling plenty of cars. It was poor management decisions over a long period of time that put the companies behind the 8 ball financially. It wasn't that the cars weren't selling and it wasn't because of the worker's wages. When the economy tanked (thanks to the thieves on Wall Street)it created a crisis for the auto companies that had not previously existed. All auto companies are hurting equally right now as a result of the economic collapse that nearly put GM and Chrysler under.

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I know this will be hard for you to understand - and I can't explain in the short space allotted - but everything you've said is skewed and wrong.

Start by recognizing that nothing is fixed and permanent. Conditions constantly change in unpredictable ways and there's no one, no school, no preparation which insures that you will be able to adapt.

Add to the mix competitive urges, unequal talents, and the usual collection of human strengths and weaknesses.

That's what car companies face. Globalization meant that unionized companies competed at a disadvantage which forced them to favor high-profit, low-mileage, larger vehicles. A tremendous increase in demand for petroleum rather suddenly rendered those vehicles undesirable. A one hundred year swing in the business cycle stressed everyone. Business theories turned out to be wrong.

So try to stop your loser whining.

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They're cutting of a foot to save a life.

An excellent point recently made somewhere around here was that those foreign companies are getting to the point where they will have their own legacy costs. That should even the playing field a bit. In the meanwhile, unions need to get their people into those shops. I suspect the foreign companies will have a better attitude to ward dealing with organized labor that will enable them to show the domestic makers how to work with labor rather then against it. Both parties share the goal of a successful company. The recent concessions prove this. No one wins if they can't compete and the recent losses were not the fault of labor but poor planning. When it all settles out, all the automakers have been hurt.

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How can we keep an auto industry from contracting when people are buying fewer cars? As I see it there was as much of a car bubble as a housing bubble. My wife and I are making do with one car instead of two, and I suspect a lot of families are doing the same.

That said, I wouldn't be surprised if a lot of the bailout money went towards upper management buyouts and parachutes.

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I heard a commentator on NPR alluding to the fact Chrysler’s hedge fund bond holders did not want to settle because they had credit default swap insurance.

We take down the company, vendors and employees so the companies we are already saving with public money can get more through, dare I guess AIG.

We the people are only sharecroppers in America!

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Are you kidding?

We are the dirt from which they extract the plants after tilling in a load of manure.

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Those swaps should not be paid off without deep scrutiny and in no case paid off with government supplied bailout funds, directly or indirectly (the latter is a tough standard).

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In essence, the bond holders can be accused of fraud for creating the loss in order to collect on their policies. Right from the start, this swaps were toxic.

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I agree with those who say the United States needs an auto industry. But there's no point spending tens of billions of taxpayer dollars for an auto industry that's a tiny fragment of what it was before. We could achieve that objective by doing nothing.

It's the same reason we have been flushing tens of billions of dollars down the black hole of TARP and AIG and everyone else on Wall Street.

Obama's heart maybe in the right place but his head is definitely up his ass.

C

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And now Obama supports a "quick" Chrysler bankruptcy. It appears to me as well that we've thrown billions down the top end of the problem, instead of underwriting affected Americans - workers and homeowners alike.

I was a little saddened at the axing of Pontiac. It's Americana, although that's not any reason to act of course. Why was not, an employee-ownership save attempted for it. Couldn't you separate that brand and underwrite a new start for employee-owners whom have the vested interest & energy for success? Wouldn't some Americans support the venture just on that basis?

Some of this crisis, will only be solved by new structures IMO.

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This is what is commonly called being between a rock and a hard spot. Sure we need to figure out how to preserve jobs. But right now with things as they are companies aren't able to get by with people on the payroll with no work. Personally, I think the assholes on Wall Street who still want to pay bonuses to the tune of millions or maybe even billions should be required to give that money to all the Americans who are out of work because of Wall Street greed. You could argue how are auto workers entitled to that money but I think the dumbasses on wall Street are less so.

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I find it difficult to agree with Professor Reich. The purpose of a business corporation in a capitalist society is to make money for the owners - the stockholders in this case, not the employees. The purpose is not to employ too many people at excessively high wages and great benefits with lifelong tenure. The big three auto companies are non-competitive and have been non-competitive for thirty-five years. The Japanese and the Germans have beat us at this game. The end of the game has arrived, finally and completely and permanently. No matter how many billions the federal government throws at these deceased companies, and for however many years to come, the big three are dead dinosaurs and will remain so.

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You may think a business corporation in the U.S. by definition is only for the "owners" of the corporation, but there is no one "definition" that truly captures what a corporation is.

A corporation can be for its employees and "owners" equally, if that's what the corporation wants to be, and many throughout history have successfully operated in this manner. Your way or the highway, James, is not a workable solution, and you can see the results of your hate-the-worker philosophy in the denouement of the American auto industry, as you describe its demise.

If employees were taken into consideration equally with "owners", there would have been no way the employees would have allowed the automakers to descend into the unimaginative dead ends they have arrived at. And remember, it is these "owners" for whom the automakers ran their companies into the ground.

You need to update your philosophy. We're not in the late 1800s and early 1900s any longer.

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The Japanese, Germans have beat the Big 3 in part because of social practices like national health care and strong unions. It is not because they are more capitalistic. They are smarter but also have to work within a more humane system.

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That's way to funny to let slide. LOL

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Malarky!

US auto companies have been dragged down by an economic collapse and a generation of bad management decisions. The plight of the auto companies has nothing to do with the wages of assembly line workers or their benefits.

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I have tremendous respect for Professor Reich, but is a bailout helping American auto workers keep their jobs if it merely gives an IV drip to a corporation with a business model that does not allow it to function self-sufficiently?

It seems to me that the goal is to reorganize (and in so doing, temporarily offer financial support to) these companies so that they 1) continue to exist and employ Americans, and 2) no longer require government help.

If we only focus on goal #1 and ignore goal #2, we could end up with companies dependent on perpetual subsidies of taxpayer dollars. There's no way that will be acceptable to the American public.

To give GM and Chrysler a reasonable shot at succeeding in the future means we can't save every single job. It is simply a fact that these companies are staffed in a way that made sense decades ago, but does not correspond to the realities of their current production systems or market share.

I'm all in favor of a social safety net -- job training, universal health care that's not employer-dependent, etc. But the auto restructuring can't have saving every job as its only goal.

It seems like Reich is saying that if GM and Chrysler get any gov't. assistance, they shouldn't fire anyone. If that's really what he thinks, then he must be willing to accept an outcome where neither company gets assistance, both fail completely, and everyone gets laid off. Is that pro-worker?

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If the automobile market is skrinking -- then why not start making school busses, ambulances, subway cars, train compartments, etc? And if management won't move on it -- then labor must.

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Reich is focused too much on labor (unsurprisingly). The value of GM is not in 10K of jobs alone. Slimming down might be completely necessary, jobs and otherwise. The value of GM is PRIMARILY in what it can produce as product, not just in the jobs that production supports directly. Thinking of GM as if it were a big job producer is narrow minded at best.

It may be time for a national re-evaluation of pension and 401k expectations. Many workers outside the UAW have seen their 401ks turn into 201ks. Is comparable future pain to be prevented for the UAW and its fellow unions? Besides looking at the general economy, how are non-union automaker employees holding up?

And that leads into "Social Security reform" which is a notion which seems to scare many liberals and delight some conservatives. Getting past the histrionics, it might be an idea whose time is at hand.

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Right back to the Work of Nations. Was it nearly 20 years ago that you warned us that there are no "American" businesses any more?

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Reich makes a criticism, then offers no realistic solutions to the problem. Your better than that Bob!

The auto companies are overgrown and will need to shrink. That is just a basic, incontrovertible fact. The only alternative is to give them even more money for an indefinite period of time to keep the company bloated and even deeper in the red. So, the government is trying to save the jobs they can. However, what jobs can the employees get that pay anywhere near as well as their current jobs....?

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How about using this crisis/opportunity to revolutionize our automobile transportation system? Shai Agassi's plan sure is intriguing:

http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/shai_agassi_on_electric_cars.html

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Thanks ami_in_deutschland... The TED Conference is AWESOME. Nate Silver also gave a talk on there. Nice!!

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Chop of their heads (off course, if you know what I mean...)!

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The Obama administration has bought into the Shelby - Corker auto bankruptcy plan. What Treasury is doing and demanding of these companies is a disgrace. In the case of GM, much of the $24 billion in debt is held by the public and much of that held by large institutions and hedge funds is "insured" with credit default swaps, most likely a bunch with AIG. When the auto task force pushes GM into bankruptcy and then AIG begins paying out in full on the bonds, the public will rise up. A GM bankruptcy will be Obama's Bay of Pigs.

One solution to start with is to put AIG into bankruptcy and repudiate all credit default swaps. Then, creditors will have a much more realistic assessment of their recovery potential in court, and be willing to take realistic haircuts on the corporate debt they hold.

The government should just lend GM money at a low interest rate instead of taking a huge equity ownership position.

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I can understand cutting 20,000 jobs if it is the only way to save tens of thousands of other jobs.

I wish we could have healthcare reform first in order to determine if that aids GM in becoming more solvent.

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I agree with Dr. Reich, though I'm not surprised.

That's what happens when you put a financial weasel (Rattner the briber) in charge of saving an industry.

Screw the industry, save the shareholders.

To quote Gordon Gecko, 'I don't create anything, I own!'

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Again the money class gets protected and the working people get the shaft...it is the American Way. And God forbid you suggest protecting the workers...if you do the corporate whores in our government, having been bought and paid for with large sums of corporate cash, start screaming "SOCIALISM!!!!!"

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"we're just transferring money from taxpayers to GM and Chrysler bondholders and shareholders."

Fuckin A! Truer words were never written!

When it comes to economics, the Obama administration clearly doesn't understand that the government under democrats is supposed to be about protecting the interests of the people, not just the rich people---that's what makes Democrats different from Republicans.

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They should have just let the companies go bankrupt and given each of the unemployed workers a big lump sum check.

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Unfortunately in order to make money in the car industry a car maker is going to have to make a leap to a far lighter and therefore less safer vehicle that will get far greater mileage using a mix of natural gas or propane and electricity. If Chrysler survives the above car will be the reason, I think. I really believe cleaner energy will be the force that revolutionizes the auto manufacturing industry. My best guess is that China will lead the way. If they are going to have autos they need cleaner and more efficient ones than what they have been getting from GM.

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Let's assume ad arguendo that Detroit's management has not been incompent for decades.Actually , it's somewhat counter intuitive that in all three of those companies somehow incompetent people have risen through many levels of the hierarchy beating out competitors for each promotion. So much so that my guess is they're are pretty much like the people in similar positions in Toyota , Honda ,BMW etc.

If so, the popular "brain dead management" allegation is a cop out and Detroit will be back in the same situation X years from now. After having blown a fortune in tax payer's money which could have been spent on other things we know we need: education, infrastructure , a rational system of health care records.

Unless the Bail Out fixes the real underlying problems that create the flaw in the Detroit business model.

Joke:

Guy is on his hands and knees searching under a street lamp. Passerby:What did you lose? Guy: my glasses.

Passerby gets down on his hands and knees and joins the search.

After 15 minutes.

Passerby "Do you remember where you were when you lost them?" Guy:"Sure. Over there in the woods"

Passerby:"Well why are you searching here?"Guy: "The light's better."

If we go back into the woods and start searching for Detroit's real problem , just maybe we'll find what we should really be doing.

Health care costs? Obama has a plan. But if that is the problem and we don't pass his plan, then we're wasting this Bail Out money.

Foreign wage rates? We could impose tariffs. But if that is the problem and we don't impose them ,we're wasting money.

Financing? Is Detroit more dependent than its competitors on a US equity market which insists on an uninerrupted increase in quarterly EPS and which isn't going to change? If that's the problem then probably we can't fix it and we're wasting the Bail Out money.

Whatever. As long as we dodge searching for the real problem by happily insulting Detroit's management we aren't going to fix it
so we might as well put our money to better use.

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As I see it, it would have been disastrous for the American auto industry to fail a few months ago, but things aren't quite so dire now (yes, unemployment is still rising, but unemployment is a lagging indicator, and we are seeing some light at the end of the tunnel). The initial bailout was a good thing, if only because it bought some time. Bankruptcy still isn't a good thing, but it makes no sense to prop up a dying dinosaur, either.

Yes, a lot of people are going to lose their jobs, and that's a shame. It will cause a lot of hardship. But that's inevitable. And one of the strengths of America is our flexible, dynamic economy. We must continue to embrace change, understanding that the loss of jobs in one unproductive area can be countered by a gain in a new, more productive industry. It's not easy, but it's how we can best recover from this economic meltdown.

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Maybe I'm terribly naive, But why is the auto industry so locked in to making cars and trucks? I'm sure an unemployed auto worker would be just as content putting a blade on a wind turbine as he would putting a bumper on a Hummer. This obsession with building and buying cars has to subside, but until that happens we're not going to see any meaningful reform.

The operative word here is "equilibrium". We need to build enough vehicles to keep up with a realistic demand, not what Detroit and the foreign makers tell us we need. We have inventory surpluses right now that are stacking up on lots and in ports all over the country.

One of the conditions of bailouts should be to require the companies to diversify into other manufacturing venues and start making stuff that's needed instead of a third car.

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