Anne Applebaum writes at
Slate about why the attacks on Mumbai should make us most afraid: because days later, the global experts are still stumbling around trying to figure out who these people are.
In the coming days, more will surely be learned about the gunmen, some
of whom have been captured by the Indian police. Their weapons will be
traced, their motives will become clearer, their methods better
understood. Their leaders will acquire names and personalities. Still,
it is worth underlining, emphasizing, and remembering this initial
moment of total ignorance: If nothing else, it's a reminder of some
things we learned on Sept. 11, 2001.
Or perhaps we should say,
didn't quite learn.
It's not that we haven't made any advances. As Applebaum points out, it is only a matter of time before we trace the intelligence we have and figure out how to categorize the Mumbai terrorists. We now have a vastly more complex understanding of who commits acts of terror, and the many reasons for which they do so. We are, I hope, becoming more adept at identifying the place of particular acts or groups within the matrix of motivations, techniques, and networks of alliance that is (post-)modern terrorism.
But the fact that attacks such as these could come out of the blue, with no immediately obvious source or target, signifies that terrorism is still a renewable resource. In part because of the "franchise model" of Al-Qaida that Applebaum describes, the greatest danger will always be posed by the enemy we haven't met yet.
Rumsfeld said it best -- "but there are the unknown unknowns -- the things we do not know that we do not know."