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Festschrift for Pseudocyants: I. Thomas Paine and the Rights of Minors


When I learned the sad news that PseudoCyants had died, I wrote a comment as many did.  He was a giant in the Cafe.  Generous in giving his time and insights, scrupulously fair and always thoughtful, his voice is missed.  I suggested that those of us who loved Ken's work could honor it by writing on the document which included his favorite quote, DISSERTATION ON FIRST PRINCIPLES OF GOVERNMENT.  Yup, I assigned homework, as Seashell noted.  She speculated that Ken was somewhere "loving this"...and I hope so. 

Anyhow, having assigned homework, I had better go into practicing mode as well as preaching mode, hence this piece I'm calling part of a Festschrift for Peudocyants.  I think this would be a suitable tribute to a great blogger.  I'm not suggesting anything too scholarly here, though I have to confess a love of for the fancy word--and a festival of writing certainly is appropriate.  What I'm doing, and what I hope others will do is take some idea in the Dissertation on  first principles and run with it, stream of consciousness fashion.  I don't feel obligated to wind up where Paine wound up, or where Ken would have wound up if he wrote on it, but just to muse and meditate a bit.  Here's the passage behind the title.

The rights of minors are as sacred as the rights of the aged. The difference is altogether in the different age of the two parties, and nothing in the nature of the rights; the rights are the same rights; and are to be preserved inviolate for the inheritance of the minors when they shall come of age. During the minority of minors their rights are under the sacred guardianship of the aged. The minor cannot surrender them; the guardian cannot dispossess him; consequently, the aged part of a nation, who are the law-makers for the time being, and who, in the march of life are but a few years ahead of those who are yet minors, and to whom they must shortly give place, have not and cannot have the right to make a law to set up and establish hereditary government, or, to speak more distinctly, an hereditary succession of governors; because it is an attempt to deprive every minor in the nation, at the time such a law is made, of his inheritance of rights when he shall come of age, and to subjugate him to a system of government to which, during his minority, he could neither consent nor object.
I begin with a confession.  In 1960 I wore a button which said "If I were 21 I'd vote for Nixon".  The 26th Amendment wouldn't be ratified for another 17 years. By then I had turned twenty-one and then some, so in my case the amendment was moot.  Some might argue that the button I wore in 1960 is proof positive that eighteen-year-olds are too immature to cast wise ballots. to which I respond it was over 21-year-olds who elected tricky Dick.

But what I'm really getting at here is the general arbitrary nature of the age qualification itself.  Why 18?  In Europe, the Voting Age is going down.  It seems reasonable to allow voting at 16--voting isn't more dangerous than driving, is it?  Or maybe even 15.  One can get a learner's permit at 15.  In classical times, the playwright Euripides had Theseus laud the relationship between democracy and the young.

Again, where the people are absolute rulers of the land, they rejoice in having reserve of youthful citizens, while a king counts this a hostile element, and strives to slay the leading men, all such as he deems discreet, for he feareth for his power. How then can a city remain stable, where one cuts short all enterprise and mows down the young like meadow-flowers in spring-time? What boots it to acquire wealth and livelihood for children, merely to add to the tyrant's substance by one's toil?
We saw this in the Green Revolution in Iran:


Iran, has raised its voting age to 18.

But suppose that our teenagers could protect their own interests instead of relying entirely on the "aged" guardians to protect them in their names.  I can't predict what would happen:  but I suspect that attempts to cut Pell Grants and other forms of access to higher education would meet powerful new adversaries.  I also suspect that it would be more difficult for California's Assembly to jack up tuition and reduce the budget for the State College and University system which used to be the envy of all.

But what I would hope is that lowering the voting age would increase civic engagement among the young.  People turning 18 in November 2012 won't get to exercise their Presidential suffrage until they're 22.  Paine is sensitive to the movement of time...we're less so, I think.  Moreover--it would bring the teaching of civic responsibility (civics, modern problems, the names change from state to state) into synch with the practice of civic responsibility.  No more learning about voting--oops you have to wait four years to practice what you've learned.  No wonder the young participate less.

So let's protect the rights of minors by giving more of them the tools to protect their own rights. 

For PseudoCyants, with affection,

Amike

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I missed the assignment, I was out for a few days. As Thom Paine is an ancestor of mine, Cy always got a kick out of that too, I would love to add something that would by some weird extension be from him as well (my blood does contain some of his). If it isn't too late, or even if I get an F on the assignment could you let me know so I can add too?

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Never too late. Never too late. And everyone gets A at amike's pretty good university. http://tinyurl.com/2arxzdx We feature never-ending semesters and infinitely extendable due dates.

I've known some Paine's in my lifetime, but never a descendant of one. I hope you do kick in on this. I hope lots of people do..Ken Turner deserves a big festival in his honor. :-)

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It linked to Garrison Keiller, is that where I'm supposed to do something? I'm confused.

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I understood amike's intention to be that we should each post a response to Paine's dissertation on this here tpm cafe web site as soon as we could.

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Ah okay

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Just being too clever for my own good--as a Lake Wobegoner I was just linking what I'm trying to do to the Lake Wobegon method...I want this to be a "pretty good" festschrift, laid back,no pressure. The Keillor link had a comment about Ralph's Pretty Good Market. Sorry. :-)

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In your opinion, AMike, at what age can a young person think independently from his or her Guardian?

I ask because I ran a debating club at a private secondary school and, although the division between liberal and conservative views was split almost down the middle (unusual, that) I failed to find a single exception among the students who participated in terms of deviating -- yet -- from their respective parental political views.

I think that changes, rapidly, when a student moves away from home, either to go to university, or to begin working. So that would be one reason to leave the age at eighteen.

But your point about students who are about to be eighteen and may already have independent experience is well-taken. Why should a student who will be 18 in October of an election year be allowed to vote, while one who will become eighteen at any time during the next two year cycle cannot? How would you solve that inequity?

There can be no question that anyone who is working and paying taxes should have a voice; similarly, anyone who is old enough to be in the military should have a voice -- is it true that our children can enlist at sixteen with parental permission?

On the other hand, maybe more to the point than citing a qualifying age -- at whatever age -- would be a test score proving that each voter knows enough about the constitution and government to pass such a test.

(I think a similar test should be required before people can become parents, btw, which brings us full circle.)

To Cyants -- who taught us all.

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I would expect that students would vote pretty much like their parents the first time around. Certainly that's why I wore the "if I were 21" button way back in 1959. That would mean that initially the inclusion of the younger ones wouldn't change the outcome much (and it didn't in 1960 by excluding me).

But I would hope that two things would occur...first, early engagement, and in the case of teenagers whose parents were not politically engaged, engagement which might overcome non-involvement and get them started taking their civic responsibility more seriously than their parents had. Hopefully this would persist, once they got their feet wet. Too many elections are decided by the stay-at-home grumblers.

Second, changing the age of electoral majority to 16 would mean that nobody would have their first opportunity as late as 20 in Presidential elections. Now, some young persons can be 22 before their first chance to exercise their suffrage.

I would hope that teachers teaching in the social studies departments would start the process of getting students to think for themselves..researching the issues and implications of this policy or that policy. Teachers are also guardians--especially in the sense Kant used the term. But good guardians work to make their job unnecessary...as Kant also suggests, we learn from our mistakes.

Thanks for giving me the chance to have some fun with this.

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This is a great idea Professor.

Funny or ironic because Packer has a blog up now concerning senility in old age.

I would lower the age as long as a citizenship test were administered for those under a certain age--maybe 70--and yet I would end up seeing the same people publishing Texas textbooks administering the tests.

How old is the earth?

A. 4.5 billion years
B. 6 thousand years
C. I don't know and I don't care
D. All of the above

So I would be against citizenship tests for sure.

My first vote was in '72 and the good guy lost.
For George Carlin, that was the end of politics. hahahahaha

You got me thinking though!!!

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My first vote was for LBJ...good guy or bad guy? Ans. Yes. I probably wouldn't pass the citizenship test, either.

Years and years ago I read a book called Teaching as a Subversive Activity. This page pretty well explains the principles--http://subversiveteaching.tripod.com/ Worth a read if you can get your hands on it. I try to teach this way...luckily, academic freedom at the college level lets me do this openly. In the high school--this may be more difficult, all that filing of lesson plans crap. But then the really good teachers (like so many I had) were very good at subverting the system, and, wonder of wonders, they had active collaborationists, their students, who delighted in sly acts of rebellion.

On the website above there's a quote which I think is spectacular, from a guy I never heard of, to my loss. Thor May:

So what makes for a great teacher? Subversion. There's no doubt about it. Qualifications, references, classroom years ... none of it matters in the end, not in the business of real teaching. The poseurs are legion. They instruct others in curriculums, they dole out mouthfuls of information with threats and gold stars, they get people to pass exams. But mostly they don't succeed in teaching new knowledge systems.


A teacher is that rare individual who coaxes the existing knowledge systems of his students out of hiding, drags every last tentacle of the monster from the depths into broad daylight, hoses off the slime, wrestles it to the ground when it puts up a fight, and finally gives it a heart transplant. That's subversion. That's teaching.

I'm going to be spending some time at his website, http://thormay.net/docsite/docsite.html I'd love to meet him. I wouldn't be surprised if you feel the same way if you click through.

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oops, my blockquoting didn't work quite right. The paragraph commencing "a teacher is that rare individual..." isn't mine. (I kind of wish it was,though).

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I can top you, amike -- I actually VOTED for Nixon, for the exact reason you mentioned (family). I don't think it was a "first voting" issue; I think I needed some maturation of my brain to decide that I was NOT a republican. I switched to Independent with the idea that I would vote ideas rather than party. Once I started thinking, I never found a republican that I could support. I think I am still listed as Independent, but I don't really know or care.

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There are a few Republicans I have voted for across the years--mainly local. I suppose that was easier to do in Rhode Island than Virginia. New England and a few other places have what I call "Heritage Republicans." Their families were Republican to the third or fourth generation--some actually dating back to when Teddy Roosevelt was busting trusts. Fighting a losing fight to keep "their" party from being kidnapped by the know nothings, they just can't bring themselves to switch party affiliations...Lincoln Chaffee is one of the last of this breed. He's left of many members of the Democratic Party.

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I agree. I think Lincoln Chaffee (if a lone one) is a perfect example.

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Well, now I've done it. I quoted Thor May above. I have a feeling I'm going to quote him a lot, here, and in some jousts with windmills I'm engaged in. Here's something he wrote in 1991. Prescient, or what?

I don't care what you believe in, so long as you don't believe in it too strongly. A belief is a weapon in the armoury of your heart, and its razor edge will murder the innocent. The ice, the fire of your passion will seduce mundane men and women. Your clarity will excite respect. And the first demagogue who comes along with a key to your heart's armoury will wrest the weapon from your moral grasp. The first cause which wears the colours of your belief will enlist you as a soldier in ravaging crusades. Peace friend. Keep your passion to doubt with. Our civilization is a simple matter of live and let live, of giving dreams a go, but stepping back with a wry smile when we get it wrong. Let the fundamentalists perish in their own pillars of fire. Spare a dollar for the living, and have a nice day.

- Thor @1 November 1991

I wish I could have introduced PseudoCyants to this. I think he would have loved itl.

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amike

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  • Location Little Rhody
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  • Favorite Books The one I'm currently reading, plus anything by Dr. Seuss. The Ring Cycle (Tolkein's not Wagner's). Agee's Let Us Now Praise Famous Men, Reis' How the Other Half Lives.
  • Favorite Quotes Where there is much desire to learn, there of necessity will be much arguing, much writing, many opinions; for opinion in good men is but knowledge in the making. John Milton http://tinyurl.com/yzuklm I don't care what you believe in, so long as you don't believe in it too strongly. A belief is a weapon in the armoury of your heart, and its razor edge will murder the innocent. The ice, the fire of your passion will seduce mundane men and women. Your clarity will excite respect. And the first demagogue who comes along with a key to your heart's armoury will wrest the weapon from your moral grasp. The first cause which wears the colours of your belief will enlist you as a soldier in ravaging crusades. Peace friend. Keep your passion to doubt with. Our civilization is a simple matter of live and let live, of giving dreams a go, but stepping back with a wry smile when we get it wrong. Let the fundamentalists perish in their own pillars of fire. Spare a dollar for the living, and have a nice day. Thor May http://thormay.net/unwiseideas/unwisendx.html

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Jack of all trades, master of some: Ph. D. American Studies, 38th (make that 39th) year in the classroom Jolly fun, what what?

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