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McCain's Unemployment Insurance Boondoggle

In his acceptance speech last night, John McCain proposed to overhaul unemployment insurance.

McCain's idea is for the government to subsidize the wages of workers dumped on the street by a failing economy while they retrain for new jobs.

On the face of it, it sounds like a smart move politically.  It should appeal to employers, and it should appeal to workers in the rust belt and other hard hit areas.  It is designed to undercut Obama's appeal to those workers' economic self-interests.

But, as those workers move to new jobs, they will be competing with the workforce already established in that industry.  And the cost of employing them will be less than the cost of keeping the workers a company already has, because the government will make up the difference between the going wage and what the new employee is worth to the company.

The most expensive workers are the older workers, many of whom happen to be an important part of McCain's base.

Isn't McCain proposing a government subsidy to corporations and businesses that will induce them to get rid of their expensive older workers and replace them with government subsidized trainees?

Right now, older workers are protected by the federal government from age discrimination.  Is it really a good idea to encourage employers to look for ways to circumvent the law in order to lower their labor costs? 

Older workers are already under pressure from employers who would like to replace them with younger, cheaper workers.  Is it smart for McCain to encourage that trend?

In the worst light, the McCain proposal looks like a government giveaway to employers and corporations as they roll over their workforce.

In the best light, it looks like an example of what happens when people who don't believe in government try to govern.


Comments (43)

Billy, have you been able to find anything specific on this from the McCain camp? I can't find anything on his website. I, too, was struck by its initial appeal, but the devil is in the details. Traditional unemployment kicks in after you are laid off. I thought I heard him saying that rather than be laid off, the worker would receive subsidized wages while being retrained and that their job would "be protected," which seems to be your take as well.It sounds like there is a lot of room for mischief and fraud. And, it assumes that the jobs will not be sent overseas.

The most detailed description I could find is here: http://www.johnmccain.com/informing/news/PressReleases/169de714-b6f0-4ea9-947e-383b5f4e7f14.htm

I don't know if the rest of Billy's analysis is right or not (but at least it makes sense). But I agree that it sounds like a smart move politically, a proposal that will have appealing sound-bites for a lot of voters.

The most interesting thing to me is that I can practically incite a riot by giving my off the cuff impression that Palin verges on fascism, but this little piece, which is something I actually know a little about, was up for only 10 minutes and got only 6 recs. ROFL. And you wonder why I call it an echo chamber.

If you're looking for a Rec, stop insulting the possible Rec-ers.

Avoid the echo chamber! Join Jacob Freeze on NewsBusters at http://newsbusters.org/forums/latest-news/republican-torture-pigs-perverts-24048

Enrage the heathen! Or...

Enlighten the heathens!

So far my lovely essay "Republican Torture-Pigs and Perverts" has zero recommends on NewsBusters! Who woulda thunk it?

Hey Billy...

Nice to see you back in form. I feared the worst.

This new essay is exactly the kind of thing national-level Democrats should be trumpeting. Older voters pay careful attention to details that could put them out on the street, and they need to know that all the butter is on the Obama side of the toast.

Anyone who knows me at all knows I could care less about recs. Or about being read here. That's a stupid mindset, and, frankly, I'm surprised that you're into it. I'm satisfied just feeling superior to my readers.

Billy, I can't imagine anyone who posts a blog would not be worried about Recs--especially this week with postings staying on the board for only about an hour at a time during the day.
I enjoy a lot of what you write but don't Rec because of the insults. They are no different than someone posting useless shit about Palin; it's fun once in awhile but I feel insulted by the trivality of it after awhile. I just thought I'd put my two cents worth in, not trying to tell you what to do. Just saying.

It's a shame that accurate, insightful posts often get less attention.

But let's look at why, exactly, your "fascism" post got so much attention.

You observed ... correctly ... that GOP rhetoric (including Palin's) has fascistic elements. A true but rather banal observation. So banal that any experienced wingnut has a pre-programmed response ready to fire whenever anyone points out this uncomfortable fact about their dear leaders.

You observed ... correctly ... that the way the McCain/Palin campaign is shaping up, they seem to be writing off huge, huge blocks of voters. Urban dwellers, blacks, hispanics, independents, etc., etc. They're broadcasting a message that normally would only be narrowcasted to The Base. It's their only message.

This second observation might have led one to consider that the McCain/Palin campaign appears to be self-destructing. Even if Palin manages to skate on trooper-gate and everything else, they're running a desperate campaign trying to patch up McCain's inability to hold The Base at the expense of everything else.

But no. In a complete non-sequitur you make these two observations and then conclude that AMERICA IS IN DANGER!!!!! Obviously you're capable of writing the sort of post you've written here, with a coherent and reasonable argument leading to a justifiable conclusion. But sometimes it seems you just can't bring yourself to stop there. You need some kind of alarm-clanging CONCERN to write about. AMERICA IS IN DANGER! OBAMA CANNOT BEAT TEDDY ROOSEVELT!

My guess is that you've realized that there are two extremes you can go to when you want to get the reccs. You can write effusive praise for Obama, such as a heart-touching vignette about how your daughter or granddaughter or whatever it was said something and you had to confront the reality of what it would mean for McCain to be elected, etc. OR you can write some whack-o concern trollish thing with an Obama is dooooooomed conclusion, sometimes so whack-o (OBAMA CANNOT BEAT TEDDY ROOSEVELT THIS YEAR!) that it's just cracking-up-on-the-floor funny.

And you might as well face it, you're addicted to reccs.

And BTW, mine was one of the first four or five reccs. You're a good writer, and I just wish you'd stop doing the concern troll thing. Who knows, you might even get a reputation as someone who posts consistently reasonable analysis, and get the reccs that way.

BUT if you must do the concern troll thing, I'd rather see the "OBAMA CANNOT BEAT TEDDY ROOSEVELT THIS YEAR!!" variety. I'm still laughing at that one. A germ of a reasonable point that wouldn't have gone gone very far if presented on its own, trumped up into a bizarre argument in order to come up with a CONCERN about why Obama is DOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOMED. OBAMA CANNOT BEAT TEDDY ROOSEVELT THIS YEAR!!!!!!! Too, too funny.

Gee, Bob, I bare my sould to you and I get back your standard rant. Where's the human heartedness, the man to man warmth, the jen in that? You disappoint me.

This is not a bad policy idea. It's somewhat shocking coming from a republican because it is an assumption by government of cost that have been borne by employers and employees. They do much more of this in...Europe (search OECD on "Active labor market policies"). Also we already have a program called from the Trade Adjustment Act.

1. It's not at all clear that older workers are more expensive than younger worker once you factor in productivity human capital. I am sure it differs by industry and occupation, but I wouldn't generalize without data. There are some industries that are desperate to keep their older workers because there are no younger workers in the pipeline. Labor force participation by older workers is on the rise, mostly due to delaying of retirement. Again this is an average. Your mileage may vary

2. I'm not sure this allows employers to simply ignore age discrimination laws. There is some evidence that the effect of those laws, now is to make firing or layoffs less likely but that they may inhibit new hires (you don;t want to take on an employee that is harder to get rid of).

3. This is a subsidy to employers both due to elimination of UI taxes/premiums and the government wage subsidy for new employees. In other words new employer offers a 25% lower wage and govt picks up the difference. The costs and risks are assumed but the government, or rather the taxpayers. How much more this will cost is hard to say. I doubt the right wing will like it.

Big problems:
1.We do not know how to train workers effectively for new jobs. Even less about how to do that for older workers.

2. This could be far more expensive than time limited UI. IS the govt paying benefits during the training period?

3. The big issue is it provides and incentive to pay new employees lower wages. that may increase willingness to employ, but it will cost the government plenty. It only makes sense if the government is willing to spend the money. Who will they tax to fund the program.

Bottom line: this is a very liberal, or third way program that has it's antecedents in Old socialistic Europe.

I can give you citations if you are interested.

When I started writing the post, I talked about the Speenhamland System in England that got in the way of creating a market for labor until 1834. Speenhamland Systems supplemented wages to make up the difference between the going rate and a living wage. Wages fell to zero. Productivity fell to zero. The labor market was created finally when Speenhamland was repealed and workers became free to starve.

To be taken seriously, the McCain proposal would have to be imbedded in some kind of philosophy of full employment and the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Things no Republican administration is likely to pursue.

Interesting. No doubt it would be temporary, but that just puts more pressure on the idea that we could possible train people up to a skill level where the subsidy wasn't needed. Or else the cost would be astronomical.

Per Quinn below, it's complicated and I do not think Republicans would be serious about doing what it takes to make this work. They weren't willing to do it for welfare reform either.

There is a program and Germany with a similar objective, I'll have to look into how it works.


Wow! Thank you for the explanation. As someone who works in an area where 'retirement incentives' (a very nice-to-older-workers way to turn over employees) have been used to 'move along' the generation of older employees, I can tell you there are other problems with stimulating this sort of movement --- where few if any people in a business, or department of a business, are older and experienced, the whole approach to decision-making is suddenly much more tentative and clumsy. This happens even when there is some control on the process, as with retirement incentives (you can control who is offereed such incentive). What McCain is proposing, according to you, would be controlled only by the industry and the willingness of the employer to get rid of the older workers.

Is thinking ahead to foreseeable consequences a skill that has been entirely lost by the Republicans? Most important example: Iraq war. Most recent example: selecting an unknown and unvetted VP candidate. PLEASE get these people out of power!!!!

I'm just throwing it out there so smarter people than I am can chew it over.

Without getting into the invasion and regime change themselves, I've always thought we should have known the occupation would be a total disaster.

To reconstruct Iraq would have taken the equivalent of a TVA and a Marshall Plan. How could the Republicans, who don't believe in government, ever have pulled that off?

In the case of overhauling unemployment, I think Obama has a lot of ways to deflate that balloon. The fun way would be to use it to raise questions in the minds of McCain's older voters about whether they want him doing things that could threaten their jobs.

Yeah, and after all my begging for economics posts, you put this up & all I can do is hit Rec - I gave up trying to comment today because there's a 4 hour lag between when I comment & when it shows. Ah well. Another day. Wouldn't want to discuss unemployment snapping upward today though.... Not when we got a 3-times divorced Trooper who breaks every law he sees & test-Tasers kids up against a Barracuda hockey Mum VP candidate that seems meaner than Cheney. No wonder nobody reads books anymore, when you got shit this good on the news. Anyway, since I'm posting this at around 1:00 am (ET), we can check the lag.

A side question on Michigan. Just saw that ad put together linking Kilpatrick & Obama in a real nasty way. Is it being played much? Here.

Well they are both black. So it obvious they have the same unrestrained libido.

McCain, Palin -> actual corruption (i.e Keating & Troopergate)

Obama-> people he knows, not even at the same level of govt, and in a different state were corrupt

McCain/Palin-> so our whole party is corrupt Sorry about that.

I haven't seen it, but I don't watch much TV. I'll ask around.

This seems like a completely DOA plan. It would cost serious money and Republicans in Congress would surely block it after the elections.

Congress can't even pass a lousy unemployment extension, much less a comprehensive retraining subsidy.

And surely, it would have lots of unintended consequences, many of them bad. One of them would be a direct government involvement in selection of type of labor markets for retraining subsidies - worked very badly in the USSR - there was always a glut of engineers and shortage of economists (and I am an engineer who generally doesn't like economists).

The interesting thing for me, being from the old Soviet Union and all, is how Republicans, supposedly a party of small government, turn completely Socialist during elections.

And the funniest thing is that everyone in the media discusses it with rapt attention - like they have full amnesia. Maybe they do.

Speaking as an economist who has to work with too many engineers, Dimitry.... ;-) ... I agree that it's a damned messy proposal. You have to have lots of information & rules to ensure firms don't dump existing employees - not just numbers of employees but hours, links to other firms, etc. You have to have special ways of dealing with new firms. Firms that close.. and then come back. Agriculture, tourism, seasonal work all tricky. All perhaps doable, but under a GOP government? They'd be using to aid friends, bust unions, help friends out of pension packages, stack the money with other gov't grants, etc.

However... since McCain has chosen to leave all these details blank, I'd be on him like a shark. Put it out not just at "old" workers, but "existing" workers, "unionized" workers. Make this thing a threat, not just a boondoggle. Hit him in the hardhit regions & make him run & get some details to stop the bleeding on the issue. Drag the agenda right back into the Democrats wheelhouse - the economy. And by the time they get there, have something as clear & punchy as you could develop, ready to go.

I am also an economist and this is a very activist government policy. They are trying this is some countries in Europe. What we already have in law that resembles this--the trade adjustment act--is a mess and not effective. I do not see republican in Congress ever supporting this, I don't see a republican administration making this work.

dimitry: "This seems like a completely DOA plan. It would cost serious money and Republicans in Congress would surely block it after the elections."

You know, I suspect this could be said of most of the 'plans' put forward by Republicans during an election ... or even during an administration. They want to have something so they can say "my opponent doesn't have as good a plan" but it doesn't really matter what *their* plan is since they won't follow through with it anyway. Dear heaven, it must be SO much easier being a Rep.: no thinking required!!

Well, the first Democrat that actually has the courage to say it, would win whatever election she/he was competing in.

Unfortunately, great majority of Democrats are following some kind of "politically correct" script during elections, where they can't actually call their Republican opponents on an obvious lie they will never follow up on.

All they have to do is point out that McCain actually said people won't pick lettuce for $50/hour.

Kind of make you wonder what kind of subsidies he is imagining.

I have noticed that Obama and Biden do seem to pretty aggressive using the word "Lie".

Problem with attacking this policy oon piolicy grounds is that it is essentially a Democratic idea--retrain workers for the jobs of the future and all.

It's a proposal made purely to appeal top the middle and confuse people. Like McCain takes global warming seriously--drill here, drill now. The latter is truly a contradiction. The former requires arguing they are not serious. Tough.

I like Quinn's suggestion above: make it an issue of insecurity. Unless they fill in the policy specificity, make it sound like it will be the most worker unfriendly version possible.

Sounds like really good advice.

I am just not sure our candidates are not following in Gore/Kerry footsteps - long winded, brainy explanations that most listeners do not understand, followed by defensiveness of the "elitist" nonsense.

I hope I am wrong, but if Obama can't readily dispatch this bit of faux "populist" bull...

The above was meant as a response to quinn.

Billy's gonna laugh his ass off at this Dimitry - I can hear it now. "A Russian & a Canadian giving AMERICANS economic advice?"

Bet you $10 he can't restrain himself. ;-)

Sure I can. But speaking of Canada and Russia, it's always amazed me that full employment is not even a goal in America. Seems to me McCain is running on Schumpeter's "Creative Destruction" paradigm. I can't figure out which paradigm Obama is running on.

I was struck by the fact that McCain actually began to list the specific agencies and programs that are broken in his acceptance speech. Displaying the fact that he knows exactly what is working and what is not working right now may be a winning strategy, even if his ideas for fixing what's broken don't make sense.

dimitry hits the mark when he says: I am just not sure our candidates are not following in Gore/Kerry footsteps - long winded, brainy explanations that most listeners do not understand, followed by defensiveness of the "elitist" nonsense.

I think something simple like McCain's plan will cause businesses to dump their older workers and replace them with subsidized trainees, and will be a bureaucratic nightmare of red tape and abuse would work just fine. Let McCain explain why it won't.

Sounds like I owe Dimitry $10 bucks. Thanks. 1. It'd be smart to draw McCain out on this one. Have the media praise the idea as a practical, "outside-the-box" proposal. If he takes the bait & blabs, go after him on its design. Get the debate over where you want it. 2. Schumpeter had some great stuff, but unless the rest of Govt is tooled up to shape that change - it can rip your world apart. Canada says "Go West" to unemployed Easterners. Which we do. But then you (i.e.the Gov't) has to build new infrastructures for the newcomers... deal with entire communities of the aged back home... handle localized inflation... loss of extended family & community ties. Those costs get dumped onto Gov'ts, and often it'd be cheaper to do things differently where people initially lived. i.e. It's bad economics to talk "creative destruction" and then ONLY look at the fancy new technologies & market sales & "growth." I'm sure McCain would be fine with ripping a coupla million people out of Mich, Penn, Ohio & sending them out to work in oil & gas, mining etc. further West, and calling it "renewal." 3. The only Dem Candidate who could talk economics like a human being was Bill C. Frankly, I blame the way economics is taught in most US universities - math, stats & goofball models, and endless nonsense from the Chicago boys... whom Obama learned from & debated with. That the guy has an independent mind was shown in that NYT economics article - last section - but he hasn't taken a decade to pursue it & think it through. Not that anyone has, but it let's you out of the box at least.

Obama's economists are not Chicago guys. They were all trained in Cambridge-Furman, Goolsbee, Cutler, and Liebman. Only Goolsbee teaches at Chicago and in the B-school. I don't know what role Heckman plays... I think he has been influential in the early childhood education policy.

I think you're right Economides. I was thinking more of those articles about he talked to & debated while he was teaching at the U of C. Hopefully, he's getting some additional perspectives now.

I can't say that I'm familiar with Sen. McCain's proposal, but after reading your post and following the link, I thought back to a Clinton initiative from '99 which I believe passed in its entirety, though the Republicans may have reduced the dollar amount.

A quick Google produced this AP story about a stop President Clinton did to promote his proposal and a guided keyword search took me to this page from an old HUD Handbook.

Again, I'm not familiar enough with McCain's proposal to speak intelligently on the subject, but my initial read says that McCain wants to make it part of unemployment insurance and possibly not in addition to the current benefits and instead of having the feds underwrite the program, he wants to redirect a portion of the insurance premiums to a fund, so that workers would really be paying for it, themselves.

Oh, and the Clinton proposal had a component aimed at disadvantaged youth, while it looks like McCain wants to help disadvantaged old folks.

Perhaps I'll do a little more reading after I've wasted some time watching fluff, but the above is what I got from my first read.

Thanks for raising this issue Billy and I appreciate your analysis. As one who as recently as yesterday was tied up in negotiations over "restructuring" a company with a unionized workforce in one of those tired old industries, I have become all too familiar with the peril our entire workforce is in, but in particular older workers who are not yet eligible for Medicaire. In this context, Senator McCain's retraining promises ring incredibly hollow and, candidly, to this guy, as hollow as some of the things I have read coming from progressive heroes like Tom Friedman.

This is an issue that plagues me. How do you globalize and maintain the American dream at the same time? As far as Senator McCain is concerned, it's convenient to speak in vague terms about retraining and undefined wage subsidies, and then sweep the problem under the rug. Been there, seen that, and the beat goes on.

Now, instead of making fun of Governor Palin's mothering skills, how about some of you Obamanauts (said lovingly :)) spending some time telling us why Senator Obama's approach to globalization knocks the Republican's socks off. Now that would be an interesting post to bookend with Billy's. Don't look at me. I'm gone fishin' (biking actually but I'm trying to sound more like a regular guy for the election).

Ciao (I mean seeya)

Bruce

Since wages are being cut (see Romney, Mitt, and his corp that bought out a company, fired everyone earning $13 an hour and rehired at $10 an hour), will McCain's plan require individuals to pay the government the difference between the wages they had earned and the new, lower wages they will be earning after retraining? After all, Wal-Mart greeters don't make as much as factory workers.

Corporations will certainly abuse this to their benefit, much like Wal-Mart abuses governmental health systems to avoid providing health coverage to their employees.

Since wages are being cut (see Romney, Mitt, and his corp that bought out a company, fired everyone earning $13 an hour and rehired at $10 an hour), will McCain's plan require individuals to pay the government the difference between the wages they had earned and the new, lower wages they will be earning after retraining? After all, Wal-Mart greeters don't make as much as factory workers.

Corporations will certainly abuse this to their benefit, much like Wal-Mart abuses governmental health systems to avoid providing health coverage to their employees.

Jay Cost at RealClearPolitics writes about this and says that this was a Democrats' idea. I don't really understand why this didn't go anywhere with the Democrats. Do we still like this idea? If yes - why are letting McCain to appropriate it? If we don't like it - why not?

Oh, and another thing - I think McCain is talking about some kind of wage insurance-type system.

http://talkingpointsmemo.com/news/2008/09/remarks_by_john_mccain_to_the.php

Here's what he said. You can read it for yourself.

Government assistance for unemployed workers was designed for the economy of the 1950s. That's going to change on my watch. My opponent promises to bring back old jobs by wishing away the global economy. We're going to help workers who've lost a job that won't come back, find a new one that won't go away.

We will prepare them for the jobs of today. We will use our community colleges to help train people for new opportunities in their communities. For workers in industries that have been hard hit, we'll help make up part of the difference in wages between their old job and a temporary, lower paid one while they receive retraining that will help them find secure new employment at a decent wage.

A) If taken in a "Strong" version, this stuff walks over toward a Guaranteed Income etc. - which some on both Left & Right have supported. So no way the GOP goes there. B) To do it in a smart, targeted, "Middle" way, you'd need an array of "European" programs wrapped around it. Not on either (though for Clinton or Obama, it should be.) C) Which leaves any likely "GOP" version as a scam to shift money to their buddies. Imagine trying to seriously do this in Mich, at state level. We're gonna pay former autoworkers for 2-4 years at new, lower-paying jobs. You'd need health, pension, education/retraining, information & tracking, tax policies wrapped around it or else it would become a disaster.

But thanks for the Polanyi mentions. When I started, I adored that guy. He lived in Canada, shaped thought a lot there. (My 1st essay was on his daughter's stuff, Kari Levitt actually.) Once I'd read him, his "disembedding" idea just shaped how I thought - but I haven't gone back to it in years. And after that sort of thought, "modern economics" as a statistical "science" became real thin gruel.

I was at the University of Texas when Clarence Ayers, Bob Montgomery and Walter Neale were there. I don't even remember who taught price theory and micro stuff. Neale was a student of Polanyi's and taught me how to be a research assistant. My first trip to the stacks turned up four or five papers that refuted his latest theory. I was so wet and oh so radical. These guys had all been investigated by the Texas Legislature and had a lot of hard bark on them. They weren't interested in presenting the other side of anything.

Good God man, whatever you do, don't tell me you trained as an economist. I'd have to start in like Bob Bob on ya.

The economists I knew all tended to be blowhards, but since it was the late 70's & 80's, they were busy getting knighted & otherwise rewarded by the thieves coming in. Needless to say, we got along... not at all.

Q - Speaking of the world of meshing culture, gestalts, economics & such.... Did you read much Michael Ventura when you were in Texas? (Or after.) He writes for the Austin Chronicle, used to be LA Weekly. "Letters at 3 a.m."

Nah. I don't know any of the contemporary people. I was one of those "promising" Economics undergraduates who get to be research assistants and take graduate courses. I dropped out, got drafted, worked and traveled in Europe, then finished college and grad school is a completely different field.

Don't know Ventura. I last lived in Austin in 1987.

Best essayist of the last 20 years. Texan. Tremendous on film, politics, sex/family, culture. Big heart. I think he's more your cup of tea than anyone here....

Hit the site, check "Excerpts from Ventura's works" - then any entries from "Shadow Dancing" or "We've had 100 years of Psychotherapy (& The World Is Getting Worse.)" You just highlight the one you want, then there's a red bar at bottom to retrieve it. Great stuff.

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