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Not an Empty Suit: The Opinions On Obama of His Harvard Colleagues
Her'e a link to a post on dailykos that does much to reveal Obama's depth, judgment, and temperament.
http://www.dailykos.com/storyonly/2008/7/30/175948/927/778/559599
Most memorable are the comments alluding to his willingness to include disparate views. And he is portrayed as someone, unlike many law review editors, who enabled authors to better express their own arguments rather than pressure writers to bend to his opnions. This trait is evident in many reports throughout his career showing that he makes every attempt to examine opinions that conflict with his preconceptions and then revise his views.
The caricature on some TPM blogs of him as an empty suit or too naive don't seem to take these characteristics seriously as they have been manifested at every stage of his adult life. Most notably, these critics don't seem to take into account his demonstrated judgment during his Senate campaign regarding the war in Iraq. That position at that time cannot reasonably be portrayed as the presentation of a sort of insubstantial presidential candidate; he even accurately predicted the course of the war. Moreover, these kinds of critics don't see the depth of understanding and wisdom apparent in his speech on race, the general conduct of his campaigns, his coinage among so many politicians and political figures, his speech on Iraq, and his flawless, big picture presentations in his tour of Europe and the Middle East.
The experience factor has importance to be sure, as these critics persist in pointing out, but in his case, it pales in relation to his wisdom, temperament, and judgment, especially relative to McCain and Clinton. Noted historian, Gary Will, writing in the New York Review of Books, favorably compared Obama's speech on race to a similar kind of speech delivered by Lincoln. Will's opinion, along with the opinions of many other noted academics and political figures add to this writer's impression that Obama is worthy or deep respect and intense support.








Comments (48)
"it was produced long before climate change became topical" - well certainly the ozone hole brought environmental issues to the headlines starting in 1985.
"If the editor and author — a black man and a woman — were an unconventional team for the Review..." Wow, 1992 breakthrough, black man and white woman work together!!!
It sounds like Obama did a reasonable job as editor. Super stellar? Who knows. It sounds like he was polite, helpful and somewhat promoted areas he liked. He was an editor. Being black likely helped him get elected, but he was competent in the position. I find the comment "he must have published something" in one of the links rather amusing. No, he likely didn't publish.
But despite all the hooplah, it was a student's magazine in the end.
Hillary was president of the Wellesley College Government Association, served on the editorial board of the Yale Review of Law and Social Action, worked at the Yale Child Study Center (later doing post-grad study there) and was published in the Harvard Educational Review (publishing followup papers 7 years later while Arkansas First Lady). She worked for the Children's Defense Fund and the Carnegie Council on Children and interned on child custody cases. Aside from myself, I've never seen anyone cite these facts (easily found on Wikipedia) except to label her as a communist. She taught law when she left Yale, had a two year professorship before moving to Little Rock. Oh, and somewhere in there she worked with the Watergate Committee on impeachment and the Mondale Subcommittee on migratory labor.
Obama could make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich and it would be hailed as some kind of breakthrough, in race relations or cooking or something else. Yeah, he was editor of the Harvard Law Review and graduated Magna (not Summa) Cum Laude. A feat that happens every 2 years like clockwork.
July 31, 2008 3:45 AM | Reply | Permalink
Why the either/or?
As you know I support Hillary , in general , and specifically for VP. She is/was a very talented human being as is/was he.
July 31, 2008 6:41 AM | Reply | Permalink
I've giving an example of someone who was really really active in her college time. The problem with the Obama praise is it tends to miss the mark and over-glorify. Being the first black editor is meaningless in terms of personal accomplishment. Being editor-in-chief has value in terms of actually doing a good job, not really the selection process (it's still a student-selected position and selects a new editor-in-chief every year (unlike a magazine editorship that opens up when someone is fired or moves on) (earlier I thought every 2 years). The HLR didn't select their first female editor-in-chief until 1977, so that would have left Hillary out as well - but it wouldn't have made her anything special if she had gone to Harvard and been selected.
So 8% of each class is selected for the HLR, not that exclusive of a category. Someone 5 years ago wrote, "In my experience, the Law Review competition was fairly precise in measuring the skills that one would need as a Law Review editor, namely, writing and editing other people's writing." Considering Obama didn't publish himself, the writing skills were obviously not as important.
An aspect discussed by Volokh was whether Obama ran a tight enough ship - as seen in part by a reaction by the following year's HLR to try to tighten up standards. I say this because I think one of the problems with Bill Clinton's administration (which I think Hillary would improve on) is too little attention to the details that make a nice finished product. I suspect Obama would have a similar impatience for these boring details as well. (Oddly enough, since McCain is already quite boring, he might do better than all at that part, but don't expect any fresh ideas despite his moniker.)
Anyway, I've already entered bitter land, so better desist, though one nice blog I landed on in the process is The Buck Stops Here.
July 31, 2008 9:12 AM | Reply | Permalink
I share the doubts about Obama's administrative ability. My perhaps biassed view is that is apt to be the weak point of any Law School graduate(excluding of course my daughter if she happens to read this). I think of lawyers as being most often individual operators whereas in industry
(I was a corporate CEO) and the Military you perforce work and ultimately manage groups.
With respect to Hillary's skills, Brad Delong- who was involved in the Health Care task force- has written at length about her administrative weakness, both recently in a long blog on that subject and several years ago in a very detailed review of a book by Haynes Johnson and David Browder on that subject.
I don't see that as a show stopped for either, just a down side that goes with their other skills. A good chief of staff can compensate to a great extent - as Panetta ultimately did for Bill Clinton and his shaky beginning.
Conversely, W's administrative skills (meetings always started on time and were governed by an agenda , etc) simply meant he could make his mistakes more efficiently.
July 31, 2008 10:47 AM | Reply | Permalink
DeLong seems a bit hysterical on the subject - people do improve over decades, and it's not like Hillary hadn't won before with the crew and approach that failed this time - though he could be right. Still, she got much better after February - perhaps a belated lesson in changing. Somehow I think there's much more to the Solis-Doyle part that we don't know about - I can't imagine Hillary being completely incurious about cash on hand, and I find it strange Hillary has not spoken to her in the 5 months since - even after Patti joined Obama's campaign or after Hillary started touring with Obama. It might have something to do with Solis-Doyle's Chicago roots and relationship with Axelrod & others - was there a sell-out or some sense of intentional sabotage? Just my Enquirer-fixed mind at work.
July 31, 2008 11:42 AM | Reply | Permalink
I don't agree that administrative skills improve over the ages. I think you learn by doing, and most particularly you learn by doing while still reasonably young.
Bear in mind I think Hillary's a brilliant woman with values that are close to mine. I just don't think she had a chance to learn that particular skill when young enough for it to become second nature. Partly because those opportunities were much more limited then-there were no women in my B School claa. Partly because she chose a career in which ,then as now ,the emphasis is on being an individual contributor rather than leading-or participating-in a group.
July 31, 2008 2:39 PM | Reply | Permalink
She had somewhat relevant executive experience with student governments and charity foundations in the 60's/70's, and she has run a few campaigns of her own now, but of course all of these things are different from running a government. Anyway, not likely to see.
July 31, 2008 5:27 PM | Reply | Permalink
Yes, we get it. She was/is infinitely smarter, intelligent and accomplished than he'll ever be. There. happy now?
July 31, 2008 8:37 AM | Reply | Permalink
Perfect, you guys are getting good.
July 31, 2008 9:13 AM | Reply | Permalink
Just a scintilla of advice: It is unwise to denigrate the talent required to create an excellent PB&J.
July 31, 2008 9:30 AM | Reply | Permalink
Ah, if you have proof he can make an *EXCELLENT* PB&J, I'll gladly stand down - I have appreciation for the finer things in life.
[Better damn well be crunchy]
July 31, 2008 11:46 AM | Reply | Permalink
hey Tankard!
July 31, 2008 12:52 PM | Reply | Permalink
Des,
You responded only to caricatures of the dailykos post, caricatures you created. You seem so convinced of your negative view of Obama that you feel entitled to satirizing other people's view. You don't take seriously the dailykos quotes on their own terms. Surely, being the editor of the law review of the most prestigious school in the country ought to count for just a little respect, something beyond your peanut butter and jelly sandwich satirization. Moreover, the opinions of other law school professors regarding his temperament, his objectivity, and his judgment as an editor as a convener and discussion leader of academics, much less the prodigious amount of articles he edited and encouraged ought to count for more than you're giving him. What about the opinions of numerous politicians and politically interested folks, like Richardson, Gore, etc.? Are all of us with professional careers and high academic achievement idiots? Your blanket dismissals seems terribly cynical and nihilist, especially in light of the alternative.
July 31, 2008 10:18 AM | Reply | Permalink
I said he did a competent job. Just like a good percentage of the millions in similar academic positions. Good things? Listens well, gives some fair time to conservatives, sounds like giving a slot to the Maryland scholar worked well. I'll even counter one of the Volokh complaints that his issue #104 was cited the least of any HLR journal before and after and say it might be because he did push a unique view through that might be more peripheral to the average law paper. His lack of publishing diminishes his academic achievements significantly, but editing itself and running an editorial board well is a fine thing. However, one of the Kos quoting a judge makes it understood that typically student editors have a problem with trying to make submissions they aren't - a pitfall Obama didn't step into. Good for him - though the quote gives you the idea that these journals are not the pinnacle of publishing excellence. Yet the article then says that that judge was so impressed he recommended Obama for U of Chicago. Well, that causality isn't likely the whole story - U of C was doing very poorly in staffing black faculty, and latching onto a high profile black Harvard law student would certainly be a feather in U of C's figurative cap. The Kos article founders in several ways trying to make Obama something more than he is, including "colorblind". While I don't have proof, I'd hazard that there's much more content tied to racial, discrimination and economic power issues in this series than most others. Good for him, but why does he always have to be both colorblind yet insightfully focused on race? It doesn't make sense, and makes me think people who like him just can't figure out the contradictions in how they look at him.
By the way, one of the entries on the Buck blog I referenced notes the need to get law schools to focus more on teaching law as practiced, not the dilettante's academic approach to arcane issues. As such, it might be better if Obama weren't such an academic publishing type - if only someone argued that instead of "both academic *AND* practical in ONE!" Of course he didn't argue cases in court either, which diminishes his practical experience in that category as well.
July 31, 2008 11:00 AM | Reply | Permalink
It's sad to see how committed you are to the idea that Obama only really got where he did because he was black and not because he was good. For black folks this is the hardest dilemma they have to face in the era of affirmative action. The very same programs that are designed to give them an equal chance, make it possible for resentful white guys like you to question their every accomplishment. It is a real problem. You will have to ask Laurence Tribe if his comment that Barack was one of his 2 or 3 best students ever was subconsciously influenced by Barack's skin color. Also I think you will find yourself deeply misinformed about how high the standards actually are at the University of Chicago.
You are free to believe what you want. But here is new assignment. Which of the two remaining candidates (shed a tear) for president received more advantages from who he was (who he was born to, perhaps) rather than what he achieved on his own?
July 31, 2008 12:13 PM | Reply | Permalink
I know, I know! Pick me! [hands waving wildly in the air...]
It was the one whose family was akin to Naval royalty having had a father and son tandem as admirals. You know, the guy who got a whole bunch of second chances after nearly flunking out of the naval academy, being consistently one of the worst behaving cadets and generally partying it up still somehow managed to get a prestigious fighter pilot slot and keep it after crashing several planes. None of which had ANYTHING AT ALL to do with the fact that his father and grandfather were admirals. Nothing. Not one iota. Obviously the riding of the coattails of his second wife's father and his fortune and political connections didn't have ANYTHING to do with him becoming a successful politician. Nope. Nothing at all!
I mean, come on! Everyone knows that without welfare and affirmative action Obama wouldn't have achieved anything!
That is what you're saying, right??
July 31, 2008 1:05 PM | Reply | Permalink
I stopped listening when you cited Volokh.
July 31, 2008 1:02 PM | Reply | Permalink
It also happens to have the largest circulation of ANY law journal in the world and is the most often cited. I wonder what percentage of law firms subscribe to this mere "student's magazine"?
July 31, 2008 11:08 AM | Reply | Permalink
I didn't say "mere" - it's the gold standard of student's magazines.
July 31, 2008 11:44 AM | Reply | Permalink
I think you are badly in error here, perhaps a result of your over-reaching attempt to paint Obama as intellectually mediocre, and a product of dumbing down standards because of accomodations to race. It's sad to read, really.
Law Journals are in fact the main vehicle of legal scholarship in America. Yes, they are *edited* by the top students (most of whom will be ghost writing Federal court legal opinions as well in just a couple of years), but the main articles are published by the best legal scholars in the country.
Professor of economics publish in the American Economic Review if they are lucky, professors of law publish in law reviews.
Let's just say your denigration of law reviews in general is about as accurate as your denigration of Obama.
July 31, 2008 11:58 AM | Reply | Permalink
We're talking about the student effort to put it together, not the professionals who are published in it. There are a host of reasons why Harvard Law's review would be a prestigious place to publish regardless of the competence or incompetence of the editorial board, though certainly gross incompetence could taint a good portal of information.
Harvard is also famous for its wonderful business Case Studies - again, more of a credit to the professors and other professionals who write the case studies, not the people who pick and choose. Certainly there is room for some editorial talent in knowing how to select and in some cases refine, but editing is still a far cry from creating, researching and substantiating new topics of interest.
July 31, 2008 12:05 PM | Reply | Permalink
PS - I actually assume Obama made it as editor by excelling on the written evaluation, not as a specialty admission. However I also assume that race played some role in his being chosen as editor-in-chief, but I could be wrong and we'll never know for sure.
July 31, 2008 12:10 PM | Reply | Permalink
And this, sadly, sums up the entirety of your argument. And conveniently we can apply it to any and all parts of his life. You do believe that most white liberals only voting for him in the primaries because he's black, right?
I honestly think you are much much smarter than this (then again you did say on another thread that the Jews were smart enough to refrain from spending their hard eanred shekels on Starbucks, and instead sent it to AIPAC so they could have some real power--gave you the benefit of the doubt on that one).
A lot of very respectable, very smart people who happen to know him very well think about him much more favorably than you. Of course you are entitled to your opinion, but if you were honest you'd admit you don't really know anything about his intellect.
An interesting read from a close friend of Obama's who as you can tell is hardly a sycophant:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/cass-r-sunstein/the-obama-i-know_b_90034.html
July 31, 2008 2:22 PM | Reply | Permalink
Uh, no. I've hear that theory but never ascribed to it.
July 31, 2008 5:33 PM | Reply | Permalink
And the Sunstein testimonial is nice, better written than the Kos piece, still comes across a little too much in awe. A Senator asking a colleague familiar with constitutional issues whether some legislation is constitutional - do you think this is that rare?
July 31, 2008 5:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
You're still trying to damn it with faint praise.
It is the gold standard of legal publications, period. Persons who are chosen as its editors are frequently fast-tracked to clerk for(i.e. enunciate and influence the opinions of) federal judges, including the Supreme Court.
Analagously - you're trying to downplay the significance of winning a gold medal in the Olympics.
July 31, 2008 12:17 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'm downplaying the role of the Olympic judges and organizers in athletes winning gold medals.
July 31, 2008 6:09 PM | Reply | Permalink
Desidero,
Please explain Hillary's campaign for POTUS strategy and the gargantuan unpaid debt to small vendors all across the country. Dating back to the Monica Lewinsky scandal, I have not seen this intelligent person you all, often speak of.
I am a very logical person, so lets have a logical debate. One's intelligence should play out even under pressure because we all know desparate people do desparate things ~IRAQ VOTE~ Need I say more?
Regina
July 31, 2008 9:40 AM | Reply | Permalink
MsCharisma, being logical, you can provide me with some scintilla of information as to how big this "gargantuan" debt is as of July 30, and how many "small vendors" are owed, and presumably you can tell me how many "small vendors" made out like bandits on $250 million worth of HRC for President spending. Provide a bit of background detail, and I can answer you quite a bit more logically. (Recent rumors have it that her bills are already paid off.)
Regarding Hillary strategy post-Patti Solis-Doyle, it seems to be founded in persuading typical Americans that Hillary was the best candidate and trying to get her in front of people to show her new-found comfort. This seems to have had very good success judging from her numerous significant wins in larger later primaries, though not enough to override the results of missteps earlier in the campaign, including the bozo who didn't keep enough cash on hand to buy TV ads for Super Tuesday as well as the poor response to Obama's caucus strategy.
You say IRAQ, I say FISA - let's call the whole thing off. Barack is so desperate to be loved and elected he spent the last month sounding like a Republican, sending chills down the spines of many true supporters. But you want a "logical debate" based on a meaningless (except in terms of campaign propaganda) speech given 6 years ago. Why was Obama's Veep-of-Change committee staffed by a Kennedy who made a career of being JFK's daughter, a former Deputy AG responsible for the Mark Rich pardon and a Fannie Mae exec who had to step down? Where is the luminary of intelligence and wise choices now?
July 31, 2008 10:11 AM | Reply | Permalink
here we got with that significant win crap again. she was polling WAY ahead in those places from the very beginnings of the campaign. why is it significant if she won them again?
but more importantly, why do you feel the need to bring up clinton and contrast her (or your particular interpretation of her) intelligence and accomplishments on a thread that was about obama? why are you still beating a dead horse and still picking at old wounds from the primary that the candidate you supported lost? are you trying to have a dem win this fall or would you only care to see YOUR dem win?
July 31, 2008 1:16 PM | Reply | Permalink
I can compare Obama to other academics who have a full schedule in various campus activities and others who teach. Over about 16-18 semesters I can tell you 1-2 professors or TAs each semester who stood out with inspiring and helpful teaching skills. HLR seems to be Obama's one single extra-curricular activity through his 3 schools. I'm glad he did a good job, but I'm still not overwhelmed.
July 31, 2008 6:01 PM | Reply | Permalink
Desidero,
You went on a diatribe about Hilliary's intelligence during her college and post graduate years. I beg to differ, as somebody who prefer to use common sense along with logic and concrete evidence to support my theory.
Maybe you and I did not witness the same 2008 democratic primaries because what I witnessed during the primaries is not the gold standard of intelligence by which you have bestowed on Hilliary Clinton.
This says a lot about your judgement of intelligence which probably renders you impotent in this area, and the wrong person to be measuring Obama's intelligence.
July 31, 2008 12:49 PM | Reply | Permalink
Basically "admit that Hillary was obviously stupid and Obama obviously smart and then you're a qualified judge". Is this a pre-condition to negotiating?
July 31, 2008 6:22 PM | Reply | Permalink
Obama never published an article in a legal journal or tried a case in court. Obamabots who pretend Obama is an eminent lawyer because of a student election 20 years ago are unusually delusional, even compared to the rest of the suckers who support the sociopathic con-man Barack Obama.
July 31, 2008 1:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
Who said he is an "eminent lawyer." (leaving aside that he is in fact a lawyer, and now apparently yhte #1 celebrity in the whole entire world)
What he is, is a very intelligent person, with a high level understanding of both law and policy. If he had chosen to go the route of a legal scholar or pursue clerkships and appellate litigation he certainly would not have been out of his depth. Maybe he would have been as successful as people who had similar accomplishments in their academic careers. But that is all moot. that was not the path he chose for himself, and if you read this article you can see he had a vision of where he was going at the time.
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE2DC1631F935A35751C0A966958260
What is pathetic about this discussion is that we are pretending that one of his talents (in oratory) necessarily means he couldn't possibly a person of deep knowledge and substance. That his lack of interest in pure scholarly pursuits means he is therefore not serious. This is ridiculous and does no credit to anyone pushing this crap.
It's even more amazing that he is running against someone of no intellectual distinction whatsoever. That he is running against someone who was unambiguously given tremendous advantages because of who he was and not what he had accomplished. And who subsequently proved that he was in fact unworthy of that advantage.
July 31, 2008 2:36 PM | Reply | Permalink
Let me get this straight. Chief Justice John Roberts served as "managing editor" of the Harvard Law Review and graduated Magna Cum Laude. These accomplishments make him brillant. Barack Obama has better credentials but these accomplishments offer little insight into his intelligence.
July 31, 2008 1:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
If Roberts had never tried a case or written an article for a legal journal, he wouldn't be on the Supreme Court.
Obama is nothing but blather, and Obama's success as a con-man is typical of sociopaths, who aren't usually any more intelligent than the average criminal, but their complete freedom from the normal human baggage of emotions and attachments gives them an advantage at reading other people and telling them whatever they want to hear.
July 31, 2008 3:19 PM | Reply | Permalink
"But despite all the hooplah, it was a student's magazine in the end."
The Harvard Law Review is hardly "a student's magazine".
Why do those who don't support Obama indulge in nothing but personal attack and insult? Classless jealousy? Racism? Republican't-but-lie?
July 31, 2008 3:49 PM | Reply | Permalink
You mock yourself with your hyperbole ranting.
July 31, 2008 4:27 PM | Reply | Permalink
We will never know whether Obama is an empty suit by seeking the opinions of "Harvard colleagues." Places like Harvard are full of empty suits, although people at places like Harvard are unlikely to admit that one of their own is an empty suit. Let's not judge the man one way or another on the opinions of colleagues at Harvard (or a U of Chicago).
July 31, 2008 3:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
An interesting take on matters, though it's typically hard to find relevant objective evidence from people's past so we often rest on human memories.
July 31, 2008 6:25 PM | Reply | Permalink
"But despite all the hooplah, it was a student's magazine in the end."
The Harvard Law Review is hardly "a student's magazine".
Why do those who don't support Obama indulge in nothing but personal attack and insult? Classless jealousy? Racism? Republican't-but-lie?
July 31, 2008 3:51 PM | Reply | Permalink
The Harvard Law Review like most law reviews is a student magazine. Editors-in-chief do not hold the position for a decade, they are picked for one year typically from 2nd year students.
July 31, 2008 6:07 PM | Reply | Permalink
"If Roberts had never tried a case or written an article for a legal journal, he wouldn't be on the Supreme Court."
What do you know about it? Zilch.
Clue: only a small percentage of lawyer's set foot in a courtroom. Most practice in non-adversarial areas of law.
"Obama is nothing but blather, and Obama's success as a con-man is typical of sociopaths, who aren't usually any more intelligent than the average criminal, but their complete freedom from the normal human baggage of emotions and attachments gives them an advantage at reading other people and telling them whatever they want to hear."
Are you qualified to "diagnose" someone you've never met, let alone interviewed -- which sociopathically requires that you ignore all required ethical, legal, and scientific standards in so doing?
Why do you have nothing to say that isn't the false "argument" of personal attack and insult? Sociopathy.
July 31, 2008 3:55 PM | Reply | Permalink
Obama has published literally nothing except self-serving blather about hope and his absent father.
He betrayed the progressives who supported him against Clinton as soon as she dropped out of the race.
But Obamabots want to pretend that all criticism of Obama is merely personal, because there's no way to defend his support for the FISA bill after he promised to filibuster it when he was campaigning with Feingold in Wisconsin, and likewise with his flipflops about NAFTA, gun-control, and campaign financing.
Obama is a lying con-man, but for his true believers, he can do no wrong, even though they can't explain why voting to overturn the Fourth Amendment was so wonderful.
July 31, 2008 4:31 PM | Reply | Permalink
This is the most stunningly accurate assessment of the sense of man that I have in my own mind.
So long as he keeps doing exactly what he is doing and in the way that he is doing it, win or lose, his campaign is a referendum on our society - not him personally.
If he should lose, it would not be because of his lack of something but, our society's not being ready for him. Particularly in contrast with the campaign McCain is running.
It's not whether Obama is ready to lead but rather, is the country ready to accept a better, more sophisticated kind of leadership? It's obvious the rest of the world is.
July 31, 2008 4:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
Sorry, but the dkos diary you posted makes me want to barf.
July 31, 2008 7:42 PM | Reply | Permalink
"Dreams from my father" is not blather.
I picked it up when still torn between Hillary and him assuming it would be the usual MEGO campaign biography but might provide some clues .
Instead I found it a page turner altho I admit to losing interest in the last chapter about his Kenya homecoming which I suspect he considered the most significant part of the book.
I haven't read , won't read , Audacity of Hope. I normally swing between serious fiction or fairly dry political stuff :the last examples of each were Irene Nemirovsky's Suite Francaise and Nancy Soderberg's The Superpower Myth. Dreams From My Father was just a matter of my doing due diligence before voting and having satisfied that requirement I've returned to my usual pattern: reading Keegan's Churchill's Generals.
But it was worthwhile in itself and achieved my objective: I voted for him.
Given the nature of your criticism , I suspect you haven't read it. You should.
August 1, 2008 3:41 PM | Reply | Permalink
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