Annals of Protest: A Jeremiah Without His God
Had enough of Michael Jackson's afterlife here on earth? I sure have, and I tuned out 99% of it. But some 31 million people watched his memorial service on 19 channels, and Chris Hedges explains why that's scary in a brilliantly written column at Truthdig. Yet Hedges' accounting falls a bit short in a way that's as dangerous as the choreographed swooning he so rightly condemns:
"In celebrity culture we destroy what we worship. The commercial exploitation of Michael Jackson's death was orchestrated by the corporate forces that rendered Jackson insane. Jackson, robbed of his childhood and surrounded by vultures that preyed on his fears and weaknesses, was so consumed by self-loathing he carved his African-American face into an ever-changing Caucasian death mask and hid his apparent pedophilia behind a Peter Pan illusion of eternal childhood. He could not disentangle his public and his private self. He became a commodity, a product, one to be sold, used and manipulated. He was infected by the moral nihilism and personal disintegration that are at the core of our corporate culture. And his fantasies of eternal youth, delusions of majesty, and desperate, disfiguring quests for physical transformation were expressions of our own yearning. He was a reflection of us in the extreme."
Hedges grows even darker, damning the satanic corporate minions among us:
"Those who created Jackson's public persona and turned him into a piece of property, first as a child and finally as a corpse encased in a $15,000 gold-plated casket, are the agents, publicists, marketing people, promoters, script writers, television and movie producers, advertisers, video technicians, photographers, bodyguards, recording executives, wardrobe consultants, fitness trainers, pollsters, public announcers and television news personalities who create the vast stage of celebrity for profit. They are the puppet masters."
Hedges then visits his preacherly wrath upon the rest of us:
"We measure our lives by these celebrities. We seek to be like them. We emulate their look and behavior. We escape the messiness of real life through the fantasy of their stardom. We, too, long to attract admiring audiences for our grand, ongoing life movie. We try to see ourselves moving through our lives as a camera would see us, mindful of how we hold ourselves, how we dress, what we say. We invent movies that play inside our heads with us as stars. We wonder how an audience would react.... We have learned ways of speaking and thinking that grossly disfigure the way we relate to the world and those around us. Neal Gabler, who has written wisely about this, argues that celebrity culture is not a convergence of consumer culture and religion so much as a hostile takeover of religion by consumer culture."
But Hedges himself is caught in that hostile takeover. He writes as a Jeremiah who's lost his God and his community of believers, preaching mainly to casual visitors to Truthdig or Salon, or, now, TPMCafe. That's a start, I suppose, but the 31.1 million he'd like to reach, and millions more, are worshiping false gods, and, more important, it'll take more than anti-capitalism alone to redeem them.
I have more than a little sympathy with this man's predicament. Hedges , who grew up in Maine and in rural upstate New York, where his father was a Presbyterian minister, comes from a tough, Calvinist, working-class Yankee culture with which I have a somewhat intimate if testy acquaintance.
A one-time Harvard Divinity School student, Hedges erupts regularly along the lines of a New England Puritan Jeremiad, a sermon that gets under your skin until you're writhing in conviction of sin and are ready to abandon the City of Destruction for stony pathways to redemption.
America would have been worse off without such preachments. Calvinist chastening steeled Lincoln in his melancholy determination to assist the divine inexorability of bloody justice. It fortified Martin Luther King, Jr. and others to face fire hoses, police dogs, and death. Show me a neo-con or neo-liberal who can do that, rather than let moral proxies do it. And yet we are approaching a time when it will have to be done again.
And say what you will about Obama's former pastor, the Rev. Jeremiah Wright; his United Church of Christ and Wright's own first name come straight from the Puritans, with a black inflection. Puritans didn't exactly cry "God Damn America," but, good Calvinists, they did cry that God was damning America for dancing with Satan. Similarly, Hedges calls the Jackson death dance a "spectacle to divert a dying culture from the howling wolf at the gate." Hedges' wolf is the Satan in your own heart and hearth.
But unlike Wright or King, who addressed covenanted congregations with an indomitable faith -- and unlike Lincoln, who spoke to an America that G.K. Chesterton would call "a nation with the soul of a church" -- Hedges is addressing no community or country that's waiting to be mobilized like the Church Militant or the civil-rights movement. And, while he has inveighed against performance atheists such as Christopher Hitchens, he doesn't show us what he's for, so his jeremiad leaves listeners in despair and impotent fury, showing no way out.
Now, depending on how you grew up, you may rather enjoy writhing in self-reproach, at least ritually, like Shiite pilgrims flagellating themselves on pilgrimage, Opus Dei members mortifying their flesh, penitential Puritans under the minister's glare, or certain liberals and leftists in thrall to those they adopt as guilt-processors -- Freud, Fanon, Fidel or Foucault. Hedges hands out the hair shirts, but he points us toward no Teacher or Savior or Way.
He does want us to rise up and smite the money-changers of finance and corporate capital who are driving and insinuating so much decadence into our private and public lives, and so do I. But remonstrance alone seems futile against a people whose false gods include the golden calf of capitalism itself.
Hedges' failure to offer a convincing alternative is a serious, dangerous default. People who are thrown into despair and rage by their would-be tribunes are susceptible to the demagogic appeals of a corporatist national socialism or national-security-statism, or to theocrats' calls for their submission on the grounds that the flesh is too weak for freedom in a fallen world.
Hedges doesn't sound as if he actually thinks that his angry economism can offset this, and no wonder. Even John Maynard Keynes, who outflanked the left's dialectical materialism by spreading capitalist materialism, noted decades ago that the economic opportunity and equality he'd promoted couldn't free the human heart from evil - perhaps especially in prosperity.
Vital to freedom though his work had been, he confessed it couldn't get to the root of the real dangers to civilization and that he'd been wrong to think that economic progress would herald "a continuing moral progress by... reliable, rational, decent people, ... who can be safely released from the outward restraints of convention and traditional standards and inflexible rules of conduct."
Keynes and his cohort had "completely misunderstood human nature, including our own.... It did not occur to us to respect the extraordinary accomplishment of our predecessors in the ordering of life... or the elaborate framework which they had devised to protect that order."
He meant the order of Victorians and Calvinists and Hebraists, who emphasized conduct, duty, and strictness of conscience over romantic and even materialist rebellions, dialectical and otherwise. What a rebuke to economistic liberals! What an apparent vindication of Burkean conservatives' call for traditional, even sacred, ordered liberty!
Here in America, the Calvinist theologian Reinhold Niebuhr, too, warned that liberals and leftists overlooked the "demonic and the primal in man's collective behavior." Good American and Christian that he was, Niebuhr also insisted that alongside our depravity is an irrepressible dignity that can make a way out of no way, but only if the people have enough religious wisdom and discipline to humble original sin, which he defined as the tendency in all individuals to make much more out of their own individual desires and accomplishments than any objective or moral view would justify.
Overcoming that tendency requires a faith stronger than threats of death and Satan's capitalist seductions - deeper and more powerful, that is, than the punishments and blandishments of those powers -- from Fox News to Dick Cheney to Goldman Sachs to the promoters of Michael Jackson -- that trade day and night on original sin and magnify it in our hearts.
Does Hedges have a faith that strong? He doesn't testify to it in print. Does he have a secular-humanist equivalent to it that's religiously deep, even if not religious? Communism tried to be that, but it wasn't. Love of the American republic (not the national security state) as a trans-national, civic-republican experiment may run that deep,: Observing the best of the civil-rights and anti-war movements of the 1960s, the German philosopher Jurgen Habermas marveled at the depth of what he called Americans' "constitutional patriotism."
But how deep is American civic faith, really? I'm reading the Yale historian John Demos' absorbing The Enemy Within, which tells how America has turned to witch-hunts or something close when we've lost our civic-republican balance and, with it, our constitutional patriotism. And I'm writing a book about a particular, emblematic American effort to achieve and sustain that balance, tracing its ups and downs from its Puritan/Hebraic beginnings through its miscarriage by the Bush/neoconservative alliance, until Barack Obama's victory.
In 2008 Obama re-wove the old Puritan, Hebraic, and humanist strands into a lifeline for the republic, and on the night of November 4, students at Yale and other colleges amazed their elders by pouring into their courtyards and singing "The Star Spangled Banner" spontaneously, with no orchestration by producers or promoters. So doing, they took "constitutional patriotism" back from the flag-lapel-pin poseurs and re-grounded it in something vaguely civic-republican.
But Hedges makes you wonder if young Americans loved Obama's campaign mainly because they mistook it for an extended Michael Jackson performance. It'll take more than a Keynes or even a Jeremiah to tease the truth out of us as we and Obama turn now to face our wolves.




















Pass the collection plate! I have a $5 bill for it.
July 17, 2009 10:30 AM | Reply | Permalink
Great post. Strictures of any dogma, of Calvin or Marx, doom its inherents to fatal severity. The Protestant ethic that so steeled Lincoln, King, and now Obama had vast downsides, and in its pious judgment poverty and affliction indicated divine abandonment. Few more toxic pretexts for slavery and ongoing racism can be found.
As a performer and songwriter, Jackson was a once-in-a-lifetime genius; that can't be argued. The life - and "afterlife" - of any such figure would seem strange and bizarre simply because the power of his skills were as far from commonplace as God from the hanging trees of Salem.
July 17, 2009 10:32 AM | Reply | Permalink
I need to just say "yes, but" here. The passion of Calvinism or Pietism wound up arguing both side of most social issues--witness Samuel Sewall's 1700 The Selling of Joseph which was the first anti-slavery tract published in America. I blogged a little about this in my last, "Endurance". Abolitionism's fortress was the Massachusetts of the Puritan's descendants.
Or witness Walter Rauschenbusch's A Theology for the Social Gospel which pounded the excesses of the guilded age with all the the rhetorical weapons at his disposal. He was a Baptist, and the book a best seller in late 19th century.
July 17, 2009 3:42 PM | Reply | Permalink
I second your positon amike!
Most on the left take too simplistic a view of what Calvinsim,pietism etc... meant/means and where the sentiments of those brought up in it were laid then or lie today. And you are right, it can be found on both the good and the bad sides depending upon how it is understood and how it is used.
July 18, 2009 5:38 PM | Reply | Permalink
Religious nonsense is religious nonsense whether it comes from Hedges, Sleeper, or your neighborhood poobah.
July 17, 2009 11:41 AM | Reply | Permalink
Well, as Donald Rumsfeld said: "My Goodness!"
Isn't all nonsense nonsense, whether it comes from religion or not?
July 17, 2009 11:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
There's known nonsense and unknown nonsense, nonsensical knowns and nonsensensical unknowns. But I do know for a fact there there is nonsense in Washington, and east, west, north and south of there.
July 17, 2009 12:43 PM | Reply | Permalink
it depends, but thank you for not going there. or here.
July 18, 2009 7:38 PM | Reply | Permalink
Despite Marquis' wide swath of judgment, an ideological ailment, your post took me by surprise. It was a departure yet well done.
I look forward to your book.
To SF Curt: Dogmas are meant to keep moral absolutes founded in faith and collective historical experience, not on the constantly shifting imagination or on arguments.
The cultural reflections in this post are necessary. We aren't what plays on the great cave walls of Plato. We're outside of that, but when it plays inside the cave in the darkness we feel it is larger than the real life outside the cave.
July 17, 2009 1:29 PM | Reply | Permalink
Interesting pieces. Both.
But I don't look down at these people mourning Jackson. I mourned the Kennedys. I didn't know them -- and what were they about other than celebrity?
Ok, I didn't feel bad about Jackson but I felt terrible about Heath Ledger. We all pick our celebrities, our escapes, our way of coping with the fundamental sadness of life. Not that our own lives are necessarily sad, but just outside our windows, or down the road, is unspeakable sadness.
So we escape into Michael Jackson or the Red Sox. So what. It's human. It's why alcohol and pot were invented.
July 17, 2009 3:11 PM | Reply | Permalink
Hey, MJ, I admitted I'm half-Puritan! That means that I grew up connecting people's public performances to the integrity of their inner beliefs,even when that makes little sense.
What Hedges is saying -- as I did, in the piece I've linked above under "So do I" -- is that capitalist consumerism has become intimate and intrusive in ways that hollow out the inner part. I'm wishing that Hedges had something to say about how to renew it, but, then, I wish I had more to say about that, too. Meanwhile I'll probably always remain uncomfortable with "celebrity" escapes for us ordinary folk.
July 17, 2009 4:00 PM | Reply | Permalink
How do you know he doesn't have anything to say about how to renew it? I read his piece on Truthdig and found it razor sharp and to the point. But it was just a short, weekly essay. It wasm't written or published as an answer to the ills it diagnoses.
I also dispute your notion that there is no longer an audience for Hedges prophetic message. There most certainly is and it is vast. Too many intellectuals and lefties have long been disconnected from the many millions who share the passion Hedges demonstrates in his fine writing. But one needn't be a Calvinist, pietest, Puritan or follower of any other "ism" to respond to his message. What Hedges gives voice to is little more than common decency and a realistic sense of who and what people and society ought to be. Yes, Hedges writes with a fire and passion no doubt born of his upbringing. It is a welcome tonic in an envrionment dmonated by the passionless monotones of far too many intellectuals who treat massive problems in our society as just another policy question and who would rather make the perfect argument thna move the masses.
Hedges passion, his intensity, his outrage can do things and reach people in ways that our nice, polite, reasoned, typical liberal exchanges will never be able to do. Far from being missing, the audience is vast, but as you point out the mass of our population is still under the thrall of capitalist materialism and isn't listening much right now but the day is coming when they will.
As long as it seems that America is just in a temporary dip, as opposed to the permanent slide that our empire and economy find themselves in, people will not face the truth or seek remedies to our problems. When it becomes clear that the depression is not going to lift next year or the year after, but is going to last a long, long time then people are finally going to wake up and when they do, the call for simple moral decency, fair play, and treating all people humanely will miraculously not only find an audience but it will be the clairon call for American renewal. The constitutional patriotism you mentioned is a part of this, but the yearning for decency equality and humanity toward all runs much deeper and when aroused in the past Americans have used that impulse to make bounding progress toward those goals. The time approaches when America will once again surge forward. And when the storm that is only now gathering finally hits the voice of Hedges and others like him will be heard throughout the land as it has before.
July 18, 2009 5:58 PM | Reply | Permalink
oleeb, that's very well-spoken. Thanks for the breath of fresh air.
July 19, 2009 8:51 AM | Reply | Permalink
"The time approaches when America will once again surge forward. And when the storm that is only now gathering finally hits the voice of Hedges and others like him will be heard throughout the land as it has before."
.... and then? Another Jeremiad, like this one?
July 19, 2009 10:40 AM | Reply | Permalink
Every so often I try to pretend I'm hep (hip? cool?) and text message my niece, a student out in L. A. The week before the funeral I asked her if she had an extra ticket for Jackson's memorial. She texted back, "I have better things to do with my time," I take some comfort in her common sense, and in the roughly 270,000,000 Americans who did not tune in.
I love Hedges' writing, by the way. When War is a Force that Gives Us Meaning came out I bought two dozen and gave them to friends and family. If you haven't read this, read it by all means.
July 17, 2009 3:34 PM | Reply | Permalink
Good post. Sleeper is absolutely right. We need to have a civic faith, or constitutional patriotism, or something that satisfies individuals' yearning for a common enterprise larger than themselves and yet is compatible with liberty and democracy. An answer to the fundamentalisms that promote ignorance and their own form of tyranny.
Failing that, people will fall prey to the variosu "glamors of satan" of our time, fast-lane finance and conspicuous consumption if they have money, or consumerism and the celebrity culture, or to nihilism.
July 17, 2009 3:50 PM | Reply | Permalink
Mimi, no doubt your idealism for civic faith is laudable, however, the constitution itself recognizes the importance of religious faith in the culture as a separate realm from government that is very, very important to protect.
The conscience of hundreds of millions whose religious life discerns and refrains from many evils attracts no attention. However, if these were to increasingly fail to discern evils and refrain from them, the world would be exponentially more hellish than it is now.
You and many others here seem to forget that a nation met with the amazing religious faith of the African American civil rights movement which has pursued predominantly peaceful means toward equality under the law. It wasn't by law alone that the public sentiment was moved, but by moral repulsion at seeing dogs biting innocent men and fire hoses blasting innocent families, all of whom held powerful religious faith in their peaceful resistance to move the immense mountain of moral and spiritual intransigence in enough people to eventually push civil rights legislation through the Congress and bolster administrations that would appoint judges who would continue the intellectual tradition of finding for wise, moral and humane law instead of against it.
Love thy neighbor as thyself leaves little room to exclude people by race.
July 19, 2009 2:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
"all of whom" bad grammar...
each of whom?
"all who"
...
Also, Walter Cronkite figures into this discussion, as he was considered the most "trustworthy" voice and covered these conscience shocking events.
What back then was "trustworthy?" Tell the truth. There was a truth. Truth is a key religious value. In oaths, its solemnity comes from whatever most moves the conscience for the witness.
Can you imagine the great plurality of people just tossing their religious faith and beginning to reason out when and when not to tell the truth based on self-interest alone? You think the world has a lot of corruption now? What then?
The way we treat each other, including whether we work to give each other the truth has lots to do with whether we believe the other to be equal in importance to us because of some overarching value or truth that makes equal protection law right.
Perhaps more later.
July 19, 2009 2:14 PM | Reply | Permalink
Jeremiah isn't much without God. And Fire and Brimstone bring little fear without Satan lending them substance.
So Hedges is not so much Calvinist as Shakespearean comedy... Much Ado About Nothing.
He is writing about Michael Jackson, after all. This shouldn't be a surprise.
July 17, 2009 5:20 PM | Reply | Permalink
I enjoyed your article. I know that this is a sidepoint, but I always believed that Reverend Wright's sermon was a latter day jeremiad and therefore very American.
July 17, 2009 7:14 PM | Reply | Permalink
You're quite right that Wright's famous "God Damn America" sermon wasn't so bad, but what hurt him with most people was his talk to the NAACP in April, where he had a meltdown and seemed like a very bitter, self-regarding man. At that time, I wrote this:
http://tpmcafe.talkingpointsmemo.com/2008/04/29/obama_in_the_wilderness/index.php
July 18, 2009 12:55 PM | Reply | Permalink
Enjoyed this.
July 18, 2009 12:45 PM | Reply | Permalink
Lovely peace Jim, as always and thanks for pointing me towards an essay I wouldn't have otherwise seen.
That said, Michael Jackson worship, or celebrity worship, has killed and hurt far fewer people than Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. Heck, celebrity worship, if that's even the right word for it, seems far less harmful than religion.
Is it so bad that we see ourselves as the stars of a movie from time to time? Is it so bad that we've sought to extend the good things from childhood?
In the end, are we a little over critical of the celeb culture thing? Seems like religion should be our real target.
July 18, 2009 1:51 PM | Reply | Permalink
" Hedges makes you wonder if young Americans loved Obama's campaign mainly because they mistook it for a Michael Jackson concert. "
Hell, not just young Americans. A lot of middle aged and older Americans put way too much faith in Presidents and I personally know people I otherwise respected who gushed embarrassingly about Obama. Presidents, in their view, are either godlike heroes or Sauron-like villains. (Not, btw, that I disagree with the idea that Bush was a villain, but he was more like Gollum who acquired the ring and then somehow managed to acquire a throne.)
President-worship is just a variety of celebrity worship.
July 18, 2009 4:46 PM | Reply | Permalink
Michael Jackson--being human, mortal and depraved like the rest of us--collapsedd under the intense pressure to become a public idol. He just couldn't juggle our attentions fast enough. The same thing happened to many others: Hendrix, Joplin, Cobain, Elvis...
Here is a sentence, Jim that you included in one of your quotes from Hedges: "In celebrity culture we destroy what we worship." This is nothing new. Humans have always done this. The difference these days is we have the technology to magnify our idolotry to levels of lethal caricature.
There is one historic figure who was both worshipped and destroyed, but who possessed the capacity to powerfully re-insert Jeremiah's God into our dynamic life experience. He's the one whose name polarizes discussion of this type.
Michael Jackson was no Jesus.
I'm hoping that my personal commitment to the latter, who was crucified and (unlike Michael) resurrected, will not jeopardize my participation in the constitutional patriotismthat is possibly precipitating in our storm of disillusionment.
Thanks, Jimfor your very provocative posting.
July 19, 2009 9:19 AM | Reply | Permalink
Hedges decries the commodification and exploitation of Jackson, but himself does not even bother to do the negligible bit of research needed to discover that Jackson's white skin was the result of a real disease. People who read racist self-hatred and a desire to be white into that just reveal they don't look past the surface long enough for a google search. Hedges is as guilty of exploiting Jackson for his own purposes as those he condemns.
July 20, 2009 3:27 PM | Reply | Permalink