Three Cheers for the House Health Care Bill
Take a step back and applaud the accomplishment of the House health care bill released yesterday-- three committees agreed on a consensus draft backed by the leadership of the body. And there looks to be a majority in the House ready to pass it largely in this form and a President praising the results. If we lived in a normal democracy, that would be it and we'd have national health care. Since instead, we live in a deformed country saddled with a Senate where a minority of Senators from tiny states can block reforms, there's more drama to come. But still, it's an amazing milestone worth celebrating.
And the details are impressive, promising according to the CBO 97% coverage of legal nonelderly population with budget outlays of $1 trillion over the next decade-- right on the budgeted number. The key successes:
- A public plan available through the insurance exchanges established under the proposal.
- Medicaid coverage up to 133% of federal poverty line , then progressive subsidies to buy insurance up to 400% of the poverty line.
- Employer requirements to provide insurance to employees or pay 8% of payroll in fees to government to provide health care (with lesser amounts for small businesses) -- a very progressive approach that will ease the costs for firms with lower-wage, less-skilled employees.
- Insurers would be required to issue coverage based on preexisting conditions or cannot charge more on that basis, while premiums could vary by a factor of no more than two based on age.
- Under the law, total out-of-pocket expenses for any family, including premiums and copays, would not exceed $5000 for an individual or $10,000 for a family. The plan apparently offers subsidies up to 400% of poverty to cover these cost-sharing aspects as well -- a crucial reform since "affordability" often focuses too much on the premium costs and too little on the costs of care once someone actually gets sick.
And the employer mandate also is incredibly important as well for eliminating any fear that switching jobs will mean losing health coverage, since any job will now have health coverage, either directly or via the government, and the standardization of benefits through the exchanges means that similar or identical coverage is likely to exist at any job.
So the only question now is how much will the Senate screw it up, cut the benefits, weaken affordability provisions or distort the public plan. But if the House does pass this bill, we should all be very loud and clear that it's a rump minority in the Senate fighting to deny health coverage supported by a large majority of the American people.




















CBO also says in its letter to Rangel that this letter doesn't take into account other parts of the proposal that would raise taxes or reduce Medicare spending.
This bill essentially means a surtax on small businesses, which will be passed on to all of us in the form of increased prices; and will make it more difficult for small business to keep jobs.
The fabled 97% coverage would happen "eventually", whatever that means and I'm sure it means a lot.
Someone who makes $45,000 or so and has no insurance now because they can't afford it are going to get totally screwed by this bill. They are not going to qualify for subsidies, but will have to pay an income tax penalty if they don't buy insurance.
The biggest irony is that Candidate Obama actually OPPOSED this mandate proposal (buy insurance or pay a fine).
July 15, 2009 10:18 AM | Reply | Permalink
Lalo it constantly amazes me that when it suits naysayers prices are totally elastic to costs (say as in a government mandate to pay for insurance) and so that all those costs get seamlessly passed on to consumers in the forms of increased prices, except when the argument requires that prices are totally inelastic to costs (say as when a government mandates an increase in minimum wage) when any such cost increase just means lost jobs.
Your argument just boils down to the same sort of special pleading the economic right always does, somehow the issue is never about profits or power imbalances between employer and employee, it is always just some iron yet amazingly flexible law of economics and not self-interest on the part of the boss at all.
July 15, 2009 11:14 AM | Reply | Permalink
Thank you for the post, Nathan.
Could you elaborate a bit on this feature:
"Insurers would be required to issue coverage based on preexisting conditions or charge more on that basis and premiums could vary old by a factor of two based on age."
How much more could insurers charge for pre-existing conditions? Maybe what you wrote answers that (max factor of two?) but the typo(s) confuse me.
Curious also what the interplay would be between subsidized insurance through employers versus paying a premium to purchase a public plan.
Let's take an example of a married couple with two kids whose income is $40,000 per year. With the subsidy offered to them, how much would they be likely to pay for their share of the premium? How much would they likely pay to buy the public plan instead?
Employers are required to provide insurance to employees according to your summary (or pay the 8%). What happens if, say 30% of their employees opt for the public plan? Would that help them or hurt them? There would be fewer enrollees to contribute towards the fixed costs.
Also, would employees be permitted to switch to the public plan from their employer-provided plan on, say, a yearly basis (or vice versa), if the employer-provided coverage declines in quality relative to their specific needs?
Would employers be required to notify their employees of the existence of the public plan option? Would they be required to provide any information about it that might assist employees trying to weigh whether it, or the employer-provided plan, would be better for them?
Appreciate any comments on any of these that you may choose to offer. Maybe you would put in a request to management, which I know some of us denizens would support, to bring in Maggie Mahar to help us all sort through the proposals as they come up for consideration and votes? Thanks!
July 15, 2009 10:28 AM | Reply | Permalink
Employees are only allowed to opt-out of employer provided coverage under fairly strict conditions, basically only if their share of the premium exceeds 11% of their pay.
Though some people on the left are stomping their feet at this restriction it actually serves to prevent employers from gaming the system by using rewards or implied threats to move high cost insurees out of the company plan and into the public plan.
For example it is illegal to discriminate in hiring against women of childbearing age or to ask if they have dependents with special needs. On the other hand while it is also illegal to tell new hires that they would be advised to opt into the public plan if they wanted to work past their probation period there are any number of undetectable ways to pass this message in ways that keep the employer supplied insurance pool 'clean' while passing on the higher risk employees to the public plan. Because if employers can find a way to game the system in a way that preserves profits they surely will.
July 15, 2009 11:24 AM | Reply | Permalink
Since employers will be required to provide insurance, a single person making $45,000 will likely be getting insurance from their employer, so they are hardly screwed. And if you are going to cite self-employed folks, they will be big winners since the insurance exchange means that they will qualify for health care rates equivalent to rates available for big employers -- a big win for such individuals.
As for the surtax on small businesses, few have the profits to be effected by the increased taxes on the wealthy. Most small businesses reinvest revenues back into their business. If they're making profits that qualify for the high-end surtax, they're probably not really a mom-and-pop shop.
I'm actually not a fan of the individual mandate but the subsidies are large enough and the employer incentive to provide health care strong enough that few people will find it much of a problem.
July 15, 2009 10:37 AM | Reply | Permalink
Progress in the House deserves commendation, and implies that we'll ultimately end up with a reasonable piece of legislation. The Senate, of course, may pass nothing, but that seems less likely now, based on the robust House bill, and so House/Senate negotiations will probably be critical.
The political dynamics are fascinating. Many healthcare bloggers on the liberal side have watched impatiently, and as the days dragged on, adopted a despairing tone - to paraphrase, "health care reform is dead", "we tried, but it's all over", etc. Conversely, the Administration has chosen the other extreme - "successful reform is now inevitable; there's no point in trying to stop it."
I suppose both approaches are useful in their ability to influence the relevant constituencies, but I also have a sense that when it comes to motivating Congress, conveying a sense of inevitability may be the more potent one.
July 15, 2009 11:13 AM | Reply | Permalink
I agree- Obama has always been better at conveying an image of someone with a vision, floating above the fray, so I think inevitability will allow him to preserve that image and avoid having to wrestle with the Senate.
July 15, 2009 1:16 PM | Reply | Permalink
the President’s Council of Economic Advisors has just released a report predicting that healthcare jobs will be among those showing the biggest gains between now and 2016.
Employment in home health care, outpatient care and medical laboratories, is expected to add the most positions.
Healthy society buils up sound economy, this common sense comes to my mind.
July 15, 2009 11:35 AM | Reply | Permalink
Surely there are limits to what sectors there could be big gains in, given a country that does not do manufacturing any more and needs scarcely anybody to grow food?
And couldn't we all be beautifully healthy as individual organisms and our economy nevertheless a basket case?
Happy days.
July 16, 2009 8:56 AM | Reply | Permalink
"we live in a deformed country saddled with a Senate where a minority of Senators from tiny states can block reforms"
The problem isn't the minority from small states; the problem is the majority who live in the vest pocket of the insurance industry.
July 15, 2009 9:48 PM | Reply | Permalink
The health care reform debate, dictated and controlled by The Industry, seems to be focused on Universal Coverage and Financing instead of the REAL problem: Cost.
Throughout this discussion try to remember 60% of all health care dollars are already public money AND private insurance premiums are inflated by 15% to cover the cost of the uninsured. We are all paying for everybody anyway. That said, there is nobody in the health care non-system that is responsible for asking the question, "How do we get the most health and the least suffering for the unbelievable amount of money we are spending on each other?"
We aren't going to be able to afford to cover everybody with our overpriced, over-utilized, dysfunctional health care non-system unless we first, find some savings then control the rising costs. Just mandating that everybody have insurance might reduce the unit cost of insurance because a lot of the uninsured are healthy, but it will not do anything to control total cost. In fact, since then we will have a bunch more people who expect to get something, it will increase the demand for services, that will add to total cost. The dysfunctional non-system has to be fixed by attacking the perverse incentives that drive up cost. These include the overuse of technology, the fear of liability that forces physicians invoke every crumb of that technology, the mass marketing of prescription drugs, the chaos of medical records, the primary care crisis, unrealistic expectations (especially at the end of life), and the multitude of insurance companies that add 20-30% to total cost without adding anything to health.
The Industry has succeeded in preventing anything that resemble a single payer solution from being put on the table for the CBO to evaluate. Although the "great compromise" might be a public plan option, it isn't going to solve the problem... even if the there is a mythical level playing field. Multiple insurance companies, even with the public plan, don't have enough authority to do what is necessary to control costs. All they can do is raise premiums, deny claims, deny coverage, and cancel policies. If we adopt a public plan, the insurance companies, in the name of a level playing field, won't be able to deny coverage, or cancel policies, or deny reasonable claims. So what is going to happen to rates?
IF we had a single payer, that payer would be responsible for both raising premiums and paying bills. IF it came to ratepayers (taxpayers) three years in a row (as our insurance companies have) with 12-15% rate (tax) increases, we would say "You must control costs." There are lots of really important ways to control costs in the long run, like paying primary care docs more, specialists less, limit the mass marketing of prescription drugs... and make difficult public decisions about what we can and can't afford for everybody with our public money, which is most of it. Yes, that is rationing. And if we are going to empower a body to actually take a leadership position in the health care chaos, why not make it the single payer? I might note, for all our fear of rationing, we are already doing so... irrationally based on insurance coverage. Instead, shouldn't we be doing it rationally, based on scientific evidence and social justice?
As for the mythical level playing field, it's a fantasy. The Industry is pouring $1.6 Million each day into lobbying for health reform that will sustain their profits. If the public plan option becomes the compromise, the focus of that money will be to manipulate the rules of engagement for the public plan so the other insurance companies to do what they do best, manipulate the public so that they only have to care for the healthiest people while the sickest, oldest, most expensive patients get dumped on the public. Of course Universal Access by individual mandate means the taxpayer will subsidize the cost of insurance for those who can't afford it. Restated, that translates into the Insurance Industry continuing to thrive with more taxpayer subsidies at the same time that they make a huge contribution the inefficiency of the system. This is our uniquely American solution?
We aren't going to get the reform we need until Congress focuses on Cost instead of Financing. We can't throw more money at the problem only to be wasted in the friction of a dysfunctional health care non-system that is better at producing profits than health. First find savings. Then control costs. The low hanging fruit for savings is the insurance companies that add substantially to cost without adding to health. I can almost guarantee that we will have something that resembles single payer in 20 years. If all we do is more of the same, and THAT is what Congress keeps talking about, we will bankrupt our government (which might happen anyway), and out of the ashes of the implosion we will have either anarchy or single payer. The Industry, hopes to suckle at the breasts of the taxpayers for as long as possible.
BTW- This entire health care reform debate is less about health care than our political process that is broken (corrupt?) for the same reason. They are both mostly about money. Did you know that the AMA owns the proprietary rights to CPT codes, which every doctor must use to bill anybody? It earns them $70 Million in royalties every year. They are about as objective about health care reform as AARP, which has become extremely quiet since people have caught on to the fact that they are also the enemy of real reform since they, too, get indirect government subsidies by providing services to our seniors....for which they lobby.
Be well. Being otherwise is very expensive.
Paul Hochfeld, M.D.
Emergency Physician
July 16, 2009 10:17 AM | Reply | Permalink
For those of us who prefer a single-payer option, today is an important opportunity. This is copied from an e-mail sent out by democrats.com (please forgive the long cut-n-paste).
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Rep. Dennis Kucinich proposed a crucial amendment today for single-payer healthcare and we urgently need you to call one or more of the 26 Democrats on the House Education and Labor Committee. Our message is simple:
Please support Rep. Kucinich's Amendment today in the HELP Subcommittee to let states create single-payer healthcare systems. The federal government should give states the freedom to fix our health care crisis.
The Kucinich Amendment would let individual states create single-payer healthcare systems even if Congress fails to create a nationwide single-payer system.
That's exactly how Canada evolved towards single-payer: one province at a time. Given the corporate-funded resistance to single-payer in Congress, the U.S. may have to follow the Canadian path.
Progressive activists in California, Illinois and Pennsylvania are leading the way for single-payer systems and the Kucinich Amendment would remove the legal roadblocks they face.
The fate of the Kucinich Amendment rests in the hands of the 26 Democrats below. Please call as many as you can.
George Miller (CA-7) 202-225-2095
Dale Kildee (MI-5) 202-225-3611
Donald Payne (NJ-10) 202-225-3436
Robert Andrews (NJ-1) 202-225-6501
Bobby Scott (VA-3) 202-225-8351
Lynn Woolsey (CA-6) 202-225-5161
Ruben Hinojosa (TX-15) 202-225-2531
Carolyn McCarthy (NY-4) 202-225-5516
John Tierney (MA-6) 202-225-8020
David Wu (OR-1) 202-225-0855
Rush Holt (NJ-12) 202-225-5801
Susan Davis (CA-53) 202-225-2040
Raul Grijalva (AZ-7) 202-225-2435
Tim Bishop (NY-1) 202-225-3826
Joe Sestak (PA-7) 202-225-2011
David Loebsack (IA-2) 202-225-6576
Mazie Hirono (HI-2) 202-225-4906
Jason Altmire (PA-4) 202-225-2565
Phil Hare (IL-17) 202-225-5905
Yvette Clarke (NY-11) 202-225-6231
Joe Courtney (CT-2) 202-225-2076
Carol Shea-Porter (NH-1) 202-225-5456
Marcia Fudge (OH-11) 202-225-7032
Jared Polis (CO-2) 202-225-2161
Paul Tonko (NY-21) 202-225-5076
Dina Titus (NV-3) 202-225-3252
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-- ARG
July 17, 2009 9:44 AM | Reply | Permalink