Irony on Last Legs
The term of the hour is "the best and the brightest," David Halberstam's brilliant coinage of 1972 meant to cast much deserved aspersions on the dazzlingly credentialed, smugly presumptuous crowd who peered through ivied tunnels to run foreign policy under JFK and LBJ, again and again counseling them to thrust the United States into the devastating Vietnam war. By 1992 Halberstam was noting, as Frank Rich wrote a few months ago, that the term "is often misused, failing to carry the tone or irony that the original intended.'' Ya think?
"The phrase, in its original coinage," as it shouldn't have been necessary for Rich to point out, "was meant to strike a sardonic, not a flattering, note." Yet it continues to crop up as a compliment, as in today's NYT, where Edward M. Liddy, the government-appointed chairman of A.I.G., is quoted as having written SecTreas Timothy Geithner as follows:
We cannot attract and retain the best and the brightest talent to lead and staff the A.I.G. businesses -- which are now being operated principally on behalf of American taxpayers -- if employees believe their compensation is subject to continued and arbitrary adjustment by the U.S. Treasury.
Clever class, the meritocracy. One of its chief skills is its knack for converting satire into a rubber stamp. The British sociologist Michael Young, who coined "meritocracy" to designate a dangerous principle of illegitimate rule in his 1958 book, later found occasion to deplore the sonorous piracy of his ingenious neologism. Here he is not holding back in a 2001 op-ed piece:The business meritocracy is in vogue. If meritocrats believe, as more and more of them are encouraged to, that their advancement comes from their own merits, they can feel they deserve whatever they can get.
They can be insufferably smug, much more so than the people who knew they had achieved advancement not on their own merit but because they were, as somebody's son or daughter, the beneficiaries of nepotism. The newcomers can actually believe they have morality on their side.
So assured have the elite become that there is almost no block on the rewards they arrogate to themselves. The old restraints of the business world have been lifted and, as the book also predicted, all manner of new ways for people to feather their own nests have been invented and exploited.
Salaries and fees have shot up. Generous share option schemes have proliferated. Top bonuses and golden handshakes have multiplied.
As a result, general inequality has been becoming more grievous with every year that passes....
Michael Young, thou should'st be living at this hour.
Over the years, Wall Street, and not least AIG, spawned ingenious ways to spin off stupendously lucrative new business by putting technical reason to use in place of substantive reason. The economics departments and business schools did handsomely at cranking out expertise in the calculation of means when it was the ends that had gone haywire. The models they devoutly believed in, and taught to generation after generation, amounted to intellectual fraud. Their models described not the actual world but the portion of the actual world that institutions of the higher finance could manage by monetizing.
The degradation of irony is joined at the hip to the degradation of thought.

















Tom Wolfe got that one right. "Lords of the Universe."
March 15, 2009 11:23 AM | Reply | Permalink
I'm pretty sure it was "masters of the universe" from his Bonfire of the vanities. The phrase was a particularly apt satiric term as it was the tagline of the eighties children's toys "He-Man".
March 15, 2009 3:02 PM | Reply | Permalink
thanks
March 15, 2009 5:34 PM | Reply | Permalink
Phrase du jour is "Smartest Guys in the Room."
March 15, 2009 11:29 AM | Reply | Permalink
Yes, Irony.
I understand that's Madoff's title. Maybe a few IAG execs can join him in that room.
March 15, 2009 12:32 PM | Reply | Permalink
Great Quote from Mr. Young!
There are some smart guys who work for these firms but we all know that the primary quality always sought by the business world has never been "best and brightest". It has always been those who were most rapacious, willling to do anything to get ahead without any concern for ethics or morality. Yet, for as long as I can remember we have kissed these people's asses because their worship of money has become the society's highest and most desirable value. This immorality ethic has corrupted our entire society. We learn about the robber barons in our history classes and then naively assume that "those days are in the past" when right under our noses the American businessman has idolized and worshiped those crooks.
Our perverted culture has always rewarded the fast-talking hucksters and snake oil salesmen. The New Dealers understood this very well and that is why despite the screeching protests of the predator classes they insituted the reforms and regulations that kept the American economy on a relatively stable operating basis for so long. All the reforms and deregulation were justified with charts showing how complicated new methods could be used to "grow" profits and when questioned about the possibility of the excesses and mistakes of the past being made they basically said "oh well, nobody would ever take those kinds of foolish risks." The Reublicans swallowed it and declared it the best meal ever prepared. With the addition of lots of sweetener by greasing enough palms (in terms of campaign contributions) the predator class convinced enough Democrats that it was a tasty dish as well. And that was that. Now look where we are.
March 15, 2009 11:32 AM | Reply | Permalink
oleeb,
good post.
Corporate mantra: "We need to pay our executives these generous compensation packages so we can get and maintain the best people".
I always wondered why this view doesn't apply to the assembly line worker.
March 15, 2009 4:31 PM | Reply | Permalink
Excellent post.
In this hustling world we seem to overlook alternative ways of thinking. For example,
"I will give you a talisman. Whenever you are in doubt, or when the self becomes too much with you, apply the following test. Recall the face of the poorest and the weakest man [woman] whom you may have seen, and ask yourself, if the step you contemplate is going to be of any use to him [her]. Will he [she] gain anything by it? Will it restore him [her] to a control over his [her] own life and destiny? In other words, will it lead to swaraj [freedom] for the hungry and spiritually starving millions?
Then you will find your doubts and your self melt away."
- One of the last notes left behind by Gandhi in 1948, expressing his deepest social thought.
"Be the change that you want to see in the world."
Mohandas Gandhi (sound familiar?)
March 15, 2009 8:12 PM | Reply | Permalink
But does anyone think that anything is going to change? I know he's been remarked upon all over the place in the last few days, but it does say something about how entrenched the group think that perpetuated this disaster upon us still is that it takes a comedian to tell the story to the American people. Well, maybe that was always true too. We read history most accurately through the satire of the times I suspect.
March 15, 2009 11:56 AM | Reply | Permalink
I harp on steepening the tax rates, to shift the reward emphasis to long-term income rather than short-term windfall. In the former case, actual competence tends to be noticed, as a department keeps on running well. But a short-term rise in market cap or investment return could be luck, and usually is.
So I think that steep taxes reward competence, indirectly. We can certainly find a correlation between low taxes and runaway speculation.
March 15, 2009 12:21 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'll come in on the other side.
A family member who works for one of the bailed out banks and got a bonus(not 7 figures , but a lot)holds exactly the same views of its management as expressed here. And more to the point held them when the analysts and the business media portrayed it in glowing terms and we were under strict instructions to shred her comments.
But.
Says: " I did my job, I earned that bonus." She doesn't say , but could, the tax payers would have had to contribute even more if she hadn't.
March 15, 2009 12:21 PM | Reply | Permalink
Does she understand how capitalism is supposed to work? You don't get a bonus if your company fails. I'm sure almost all of us could give an example of someone who did their job but is out of work in this economy. Sheesh, I've known people in the past who were downsized when they were out with a heart attack or when their kids were in the hospital or when their spouse was dying from cancer. I guess the definition of elite might be thinking that you are exempt from the suffering of mere mortals.
March 15, 2009 12:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
The way capitalism works is that each person gets whatever she can for herself and "as if by an invisible hand" etc.
If you're looking for loyalty,check the dictionary. Under l.
Good HR people- which is almost an oxymoron- routinely say that when a company's in trouble it should concentrate on motivating the one's who are going to remain. It's precisely the worker who's out due to a heart attack on whom the company is not going to "waste" money.
It's pointless to deplore this. It's the way it is. Always has been.Always will. And arguably that's the way it should be. Corporations who behave charitably are in effect taking from their shareholders -some of whom may have their own heart attacks- and distributing those funds to people who may be better off.
March 15, 2009 3:09 PM | Reply | Permalink
Shareholders?!!!? Have you seen the price of their shares lately! What's been going on has nothing to do with shareholders. It's more akin to raping and pillaging. I'm thinking of it like a little market trying to do business in some village when barbarian hordes ride in, throw the people out of the market and set up their own casino.
March 15, 2009 4:25 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'm with you on this bbell. They screwed the shareholders, they screwed the american people and now they claim they DESERVE their bonuses? Under what logic? "I did my job." So you are telling me it was your job to destroy the economy? To eliminate peoples retirement funds? THAT was your job? They can go f themselves. Bonus my ass. Where the chicken? I want a pitchfork myself. Here's your ididmyjob right here mlm
March 15, 2009 4:38 PM | Reply | Permalink
Co-sign!
March 15, 2009 5:01 PM | Reply | Permalink
Double Co-Sign
March 15, 2009 5:21 PM | Reply | Permalink
Triple co-sign! if I may...
These people are getting bonuses when they SHOULD BE IN JAIL! Even Cramer thinks so, for x sake!
March 15, 2009 5:33 PM | Reply | Permalink
It depends on who the "they" are.
Whatever bad decisions were made by the top managers and by some sections of,say, AIG there were many employees who achieved goals for which they were promised a bonus. That might have been a legal commitment or not.
If legally binding, absent a bankruptcy, the company must do what its pledged itself to do.If the US can over-rule those contracts all other contract become somewhat unreliable.
If not ,there's certainly an argument for not paying it. But also a respectable argument for paying at least some bonus to retain key employees. In most cases that's not a compelling argument ,where are they going to go? But to the extent that there are indispensible "franchise" employees whose loss will irreparably damage these companies( which, sadly, we in effect now own) it's in our interest to pay the bonus.
March 15, 2009 6:01 PM | Reply | Permalink
When I think of "franchise" employees I think of people like Steve Jobs. If they are truly franchise employees then they'll take it like a man(or woman), keep a stiff upper lip, and work hard to save their company WITHOUT a bonus. If they aren't willing to do that, they aren't franchise employees, they're free agents. If that's what they are, they're the problem not the solution.
March 15, 2009 7:19 PM | Reply | Permalink
I work in HR for a very large company -- though not a financial services company.
Over the past 5 years or so our base salaries for most employees have been kept nearly flat while a larger portion of compensation has been moved to 'variable pay'. That allows the company to control total compensation costs in alignment with actual business performance. The total bonus pool is determined by the overall company performance; allocation to groups and individuals is based on their performance ratings. So if, like AIG, the company lost billions of dollars, there would simply be no money in the bonus pool. Nobody could claim to deserve a bonus simply because they 'did their job'.
March 16, 2009 1:09 PM | Reply | Permalink
Amazing.
Since the AIG "retention" scheme is now on line
we know that the only requirement for the bonus was to continue breathing.
The supposed rationale was that the transactions in which the bonus army was involved were so complicated that only they could understand them .
Sort of like Bernie's proprietory trading scheme!
March 16, 2009 10:00 PM | Reply | Permalink
There ya go!
March 16, 2009 10:45 PM | Reply | Permalink
What I really like (in the NY Times article, where the AIG honchos portray their huge bonuses as being REQUIRED -- in the rotund name of the law) is the way the paying out of huge bonuses where the RESULTS have been failure is seen as inevitable and routine. Of COURSE you get bonuses, even where your company loses money -- it's the sanctity of contract.
Now the eggplanting (in the rotund name of the law etc etc) elite choose to honor the so-called sanctity of contract only when it suits their needs, and when it comes to injuries (let alone crimes against humanity), all is permissible if those in power consider it "God's will" and their own interests to do so.
The bonus brouhaha is merely an illustration of the larger principle -- if you want anything run honestly, you have to get the shmucks out and have honest people run it. If the government owns 80% of the company, they should step up to the plate, and take the risk that these supposed contractual obligations would, at least in part, hold up in court. I can assure you that the systemtatically corrupt of the elite, cozy with the systematically corrupt of the federal judiciary, have no compunction about denying fundamental rights, let alone contractual obligations, where (as with AIG execs) it "serves" -- their own interests and agenda.
March 15, 2009 12:53 PM | Reply | Permalink
But if you are the UAW you are supposed to make concessions and give back what you were contractually entitled to receive. Even Democrats seem to have no trouble telling the UAW that their contract is worthless. The elitist mindset is very deeply embedded in both parties.
March 15, 2009 12:58 PM | Reply | Permalink
Nice post, Professor. It may be that irony is in the ear of the beholder. Wall Street has its own expressions that are misinterpreted. Like an amusing little wine, the irony in phrases like “credit default swap” or “sub-prime loan” (we know what, or who, that really means, don’t we?) is just delightful.
Of course, some of the “Street” expressions are just downright mockery: executive “compensation” (everyone I know earns wages or a salary), “bonuses” (at Christmas, right? -from Santa?), “rules and regulations” (yeah, right…in a “free market”?) and the classic,“too big to fail.” In the end, bankruptcy and buy-outs somehow become bail-outs.
In an era when Orwell has been jacked by the ****ocracies he railed against, the 21st century financial markets seem to have been fabricated out of thin air; built on generalizations, euphemisms, fallacies, misnomers and misdirection- phantom value on credit/debt/leverage... lather/rinse/repeat- or as they might have said in the Great Depression, flim-flam.
March 15, 2009 2:04 PM | Reply | Permalink
Nevertheless, I suspect that what enabled--and continues to enable--these technical incompetents to get away with their compensation schemes is the desire on the part of "investors" to "make money" on the cheap, and Obama/Congress will still try to balance itself between the parasitic culture that seeks to deploy the technical incompetants and (futile?) popular rage.
With a President who knows nothing about the economy, and who deliberately limited his financial advisors to AIG's political enablers, "change" doesn't seem to be on the political agenda.
But, he did tell us during the transition period that economic change in his adminsitration will be represented by his own singular brain, so, we were warned.
March 15, 2009 2:29 PM | Reply | Permalink
IT IS A CLASS STRUGGLE
How much longer will the working class put up with the Meritocracy, or any other name designed to soften the image,
How about using the term Capitalism, is that broad enough, less bad connotation.
Capitalism whose ultimate goal is to achieve what proponents of Meritocracy, Plutocracy desire.
A Meritocracy so imbedded; with so many blind supporters and defenders, whose goal is to someday; be like them, and will do whatever to assure the preservation of the means to achive the highest levels.
Capitalism must be perserved in order to move up the ladder.
How do WE reign in the abuse and not be labeled enemies of Capitalism.
Derided as Socialists?
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs
"The capitalist class is represented by the Republican, Democratic, Populist and Prohibition parties, all of which stand for private ownership of the means of production, and the triumph of any one of which will mean continued wage- slavery
They are the political wings of the capitalist system and such differences as arise between them relate to SPOILS and not to principles.
Of course, Socialism is violently denounced by the capitalist press and by all the brood of subsidized contributors to magazine literature, but this only confirms the view that the advance of Socialism is very properly recognized by the capitalist class as the one cloud upon the horizon which portends an end to the system in which they have WAXED FAT, INSOLENT and despotic through the exploitation of their countless wage-working slaves."
What is the mindset of those in power at Treasury, the Fed the Congress? They must perserve the ability, for all Citizns to achieve what the Meritocracy has, Wealth and Power.
March 15, 2009 2:40 PM | Reply | Permalink
Please sign the petition.
http://action.firedoglake.com/page/s/Transpar...
Tell Congress that we need some answers about AIG, Citigroup, Bear Stearns and other banks that received bailout money. We'll be delivering your comments personally to members of Congress next week:
Talking points:
* It could take another $750 billion to bail out the banks beyond the $700 billion already approved, but attempts to determine how the money is being spent have been stonewalled.
* The Fed's Vice Chair Donald Kohn has refused to answer questions from both the House and the Senate for the names of banks receiving federal funds, angering Republicans and Democrats alike.
* Bloomberg estimates that the government has spent more than $11.7 trillion to save the financial system since the crisis began, but Fed has refused Bloomberg's requests for details under the Freedom of Information Act.
* We know now that tens of billions of the $162 billion used to bailout AIG went to pay off its derivative trading partners at the full value of their contracts, despite the fact that values had tumbled. Economist Nouriel Roubini calls it "a nontransparent, opaque and shady bailout of the AIG counterparties: Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch and other domestic and foreign financial institutions.
* The House passed the TARP Reform and Accountability Act on January 16, which would provide increased conditions, transparency and accountability for Wall Street bailout funds. The Senate is refusing to take up the legislation.
March 15, 2009 3:14 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'm beginning to really resent politicians who are aware of how pissed off the public is at these unwarranted bonuses being paid to the executives who caused this economic tsunami, using this awareness to fight to be first in front of the TV cameras to condemn and demand retribution from these cretins when all the while nothing actually happens. Its comparable to Democratic Committee chairmen like Conyers and Leahy bloviating about the Bush administration, again, while nothing comes of their hot air.
The irony is its the same politicians who at best either stood idly by while this economy was being raped or at worst helped this armaggedon along.
There needs to be a sign on Interstate 95 just outside D C. 'Beware of strong winds around the Capitol Building.'
March 15, 2009 3:39 PM | Reply | Permalink
Too bad we can't withhold taxes and mark them - no bonuses on my watch!
March 15, 2009 5:02 PM | Reply | Permalink
Let's test the strength of that contract, shall we? Don't pay the bonuses and let the executives sue for them. Good luck with that.
Oh, and how about not one more red cent, including any outstanding disbursements from the existing bailouts, until those bonuses are cancelled.
March 15, 2009 4:37 PM | Reply | Permalink
Somebody needs to stand up to this. No bonuses. Best is for you to volunteer not to take the bonus. Otherwise, sue us and we'll sue you back for dereliction of your duties.
A real manager would not put up with this crap.
March 16, 2009 12:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
Assuming performance is tied to renumeration for AIG I guess to get AIG to be merely competent would take about a trillion dollars in bonuses.
March 15, 2009 5:08 PM | Reply | Permalink
(adapted from Crooks and Liars com)
March 15, 2009 8:01 PM | Reply | Permalink
It's about confidence in our banks since financial markets depend on having confidence in the institutions. It's a confidence game.
March 16, 2009 1:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
There's another iconic, now ironic, statement that originated in the go-go Reagan era: "Greed is Good."
I'd like to see it tatooed on the foreheads of the white-collar criminal set that has been preying on us. Kinda like cutting off the finger of a thief, so others will know to avoid them.
March 15, 2009 9:59 PM | Reply | Permalink
Do you remember that famous scene inside Rick's cafe in the movie Casblanca where the head of the police tells Rick, " I'm shocked, absolutely shocked that gambling has been going on here"? When all along he knew it and also participated. The same seems to be true of our elected officials. You mean to tell me that none in DC knew this was coming? Please, if you believe that I have a bridge in Brooklyn I'd like to sell you real cheap.
Those in DC will huff and puff as they always do at these "shocking" developments, but little if anything will be done about it in order to recoup the millions being paid out in bonuses. What is even more shocking which can be found a www.firedoglake.com is that of the 170 billion that has already been given to AIG, only one third of it was given to US banks. The rest went to European banks to prop them up.
If your not outraged enough yet, just sit back and watch the comedy show that will now come out of DC and yet not one penny of our money will be returned. The joke is on us friends. The powers to be get to screw up something and we the unclean masses always are the ones left to clean up the mess. The math is simple to understand. There are way more of us than there are of them. So we're the lucky ones in getting our pockets picked plain and simple.
March 15, 2009 10:13 PM | Reply | Permalink
Totally agree! This is just like Iraq. The more simple you make it and the more common sense you throw at it the more it is clear that's all just simple con games.
I confess in my populist ignorance, but I tell you the first time I heard the term "hedge fund" the first thing that came into my mind was "hedge bet". This whole thing is more rigged than the tables at Rick's. But the real problem we have is in the end Rick and his pal the policeman turned out to be patriots. They did what they had to do for their countries. Anybody see any of those types around today in government or out of it?!
March 16, 2009 12:12 PM | Reply | Permalink
'But.
Says: " I did my job, I earned that bonus."'
Jiminy cricket, what in the bloody hell did you expect your family member to say?!!!
March 16, 2009 12:51 AM | Reply | Permalink
After I read this someone emailed me the linked article from the MinnPost:
http://www.minnpost.com/ericblackblog/2009/03/11/7310/investigative_reporter_seymour_hersh_describes_executive_assassination_ring
and Seymour Hersh's earnest use of the same phrase (best and the brightest) caught my eye. So I'm afraid, Todd, that this is one of those phrases that has escaped into the vernacular without its cloak of irony.
Not to threadjack but Hersh's allegations are truly startling: Dick Cheney's personal death squad.
March 16, 2009 8:59 AM | Reply | Permalink
It didn't escape. A quick search of Google books shows that phrase in common use with the unironic meaning since at least the early 19th century.
March 17, 2009 10:05 AM | Reply | Permalink
Re irony or similar: "The Ugly American" of the title of the novel was physically ugly but an exemplar of non-ugly American behavior in a third world country. The term has come to refer to American ugly behavior in the world.
March 16, 2009 6:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
I remember back in the good ol' days, companies had Profit Sharing Plans. If there was a profit, each employee got a share...no profit meant no share. What a clever idea!
March 16, 2009 9:02 PM | Reply | Permalink
"... technical reason to use in place of substantive reason. The economics departments and business schools did handsomely at cranking out expertise in the calculation of means when it was the ends that had gone haywire. The models they devoutly believed in, and taught to generation after generation, amounted to intellectual fraud."
Suitable for framing.
I know everyone's all whooped up about AIG today, but can we save enough tar for our Economics Depts & Business Schools? Too many feathers, not enough tar, and the whole effect is ruined.
March 16, 2009 9:13 PM | Reply | Permalink
As part of the stimulus, can we put more people to work making tar? Job security for years to come.
March 17, 2009 1:51 AM | Reply | Permalink
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