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The Googlization of Obama

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Today over at the Mothership (that's the TPM Front Page) we see one of the "wire" stories that the General Services Administration is negotiating with YouTube (a Google service) to post federal hearings, etc.

Given the uncomfortably close relationship between Google execs and Obama, should we be worried about this? I think so. YouTube is already the default video platform on the Web. But it does not have to be. And there is no clear reason for the government to solidify YouTube's market dominance. In fact, there is no reason why the GSO could not mandate that all federal agencies post their videos in open forms -- accessible, repostable, and mashable -- on their own sites.

Then We the People could repost them on YouTube with commentary and maybe some cartoon graphics mixed in. Better yet, because .gov can't deal with the bandwidth demands of too many folks pulling down popular videos, the federal government should post open format video as bittorrent files.

As Internet security expert Chris Soghoian has written, there should be a separation of Google and State.

Consider how intertwined the Obama administration and Google already are. Obama relied heavily on YouTube to do his virtual campaigning last year. CEO Eric Schmidt campaigned for and with Obama. And most of the leading execs at Google donated to the campaign.

All of this is happening as Google is making its move in Washington. Google knows it faces the real possibility of anti-trust scrutiny, criticism for its acquiescence to the authoritarian wishes of the government of the People's Republic of China, and many millions of copyright complaints over YouTube. As Google grows in presence and importance, it rubs up against the public and the state even harder.

So let's sever the ties early, while both the government and Google can still be disentangled.


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YouTube is already the default video platform on the Web.

Reason enough to do this. If it's the first video destination of choice, why not take advantage of that?

...criticism for its acquiescence to the authoritarian wishes of the government of the People's Republic of China...

This could just as easily be read as a recognition of reality as constituted in the business climate of China. And please, give us one or two simple declarative sentences on why no Google at all is better for China than part of Google. And make them brief, as we all know lengthy discourses are more often attempts at circumlocution than explanation.

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I don't think that no Google is better than some Google for China.

I said that Google is facing criticism in Washington for its policies, and thus needs powerful friends. That's a fact.

And as far as your first point, the government should avoid picking winners within markets and should endorse and enable maximal openness and flexibility.

Worse than picking winners based on performance is picking winners based on political support and connections. That's what we must watch for.

The U.S. government is forever (we hope). YouTube and Google might not exist in 20 years. More likely, Flash Video might not work in 20 years. What then?

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[quote]criticism for its acquiescence to the authoritarian wishes of the government of the People's Republic of China[/quote]

Also known as "obeying the law".

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I don't think that no Google is better than some Google for China.

Good.

I said that Google is facing criticism in Washington for its policies, and thus needs powerful friends. That's a fact.

Don't we all, at times? Is Google somehow to be proscribed from acting in their own interests? Better, I think, that we work, from both sides, to see that their interests and ours coincide.

And as far as your first point, the government should avoid picking winners within markets and should endorse and enable maximal openness and flexibility.

Worse than picking winners based on performance is picking winners based on political support and connections. That's what we must watch for.

The U.S. government is forever (we hope). YouTube and Google might not exist in 20 years. More likely, Flash Video might not work in 20 years. What then?

You are very close to calling for a reinvention of the wheel here. Is there a good reason for not using what is an easily searchable, well-organized, existing standard?

And do you not think that as things evolve, that standard too will progress? Do you honestly believe that Google will simply allow YouTube to remain static? Do you think Adobe will allow Flash to stagnate? Do you believe that there will be no other formats to come along and improve on streaming video? Do you think any of those improvements will be ignored, and good archiving and data migration will somehow cease to exist in this special case? And do you think that once something is placed on YouTube, the originals will be discarded as somehow extraneous?

I just do not see this (YouuTube) as a negative, and the Federal Government has better and more pressing things to do than set up its own streaming server network.

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Right. But again, not my point.

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Given the uncomfortably close relationship between Google execs and Obama, should we be worried about this?

Absolutely.

The convenience of YouTube being the "first video destination of choice" is utterly irrelevant. Imagine the outcry from the open source crowd if the Government mandated that all presentations had to be released as PowerPoint decks.

I may be biased because YouTube videos don't run natively on my cell phone.

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"the federal government should post open format video as bittorrent files."

huh?

The average web user is just able to get their "internet machine" to bring them the websites they need. Now you want people to figure out the intricacies of bittorrent?

There are plenty of applications like this one that will allow you to download youtube videos and post them someplace else if you are so inclined.

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I can follow the argument about Open Source codecs, but my recollection is that it's taken years to optimize video compression codecs, and it's been a long, exhausting ride.

Until now, it wasn't possible to have the kind of problem you raise. But once online video became more widely used (and I predict that it will continue to grow exponentially), then there had to be organized ways to share it.

YouTube does that well enough.
And IIRC, it uses that Flash wrapper, which at its core is the old Sorenson Squeeze file compression codec.

Now maybe a whole lot of people want to reinvent the wheel, and that's fine.
But I do recall the early days of the Toobz, and I also don't even want to count the number of hours of my life completely squandered and wasted dealing with browser conflicts, and other really stupid issues that at their core all boiled down to a lack of standards.

As I understand you, you are saying, "We shouldn't have a private company be defining the standard."
Okay, I see your point, and it's valid.

But on a day-to-day basis, what I really need is 'what works'.
Cause I'm really tired of things that don't.

YouTube works.

But I think that there are social and cultural and institutional dynamics at work, also.

I have yet to see successful entreprenurial behavior or outcomes from inside bureaucracies (unless you count Dick Cheney and the DoJ's OLC division that created torture memos, but that's not a technical topic).

I have yet to see bureaucracies innovate.
They also don't seem to be culturally adapted to the concepts of 'best practices' or the kind of consensus on standards that drive the W3C.

Government worries about meeting the law.
W3C worries about making things work well, on a voluntary basis.

Between the two, IMHO, the W3C is the more adaptative entity, and it better structured to electronic networks. Google is closer to that model than the US government seems to be. But I'd put that kind of 'goal oriented, best practices' model out as a goal.

It seems that letting the government put up YouTubes, BUT ALSO post the raw mov or wav files on the same page, to be downloaded on demand, would be the best of both worlds.

People who want the media can grab it and use it easily, while people who want the info can view it.

The issue of server hits for downloads is a biggie, I can see that is a big deal.

So maybe each division could have designated server 'download space', and the YouTube pages could each have links to other servers that could handle the downloads?

Just an idea...

Now, the minicams and the Apple Quicktime and the

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Sorry, ignore last line of previous comment; hit 'Submit' too fast 8(

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Bittorrent is not complicated. And it is the most efficient way to distribute digital content. Even if the GSA opts to bless YouTube with government content, it should release the videos in other formats for the sake of archiving, preservation, and efficient use of bandwidth.

This is not about being able to re-purpose what exists on YouTube. No doubt that is easy right now. The problem is that Flash is not an open format and Google has complete control over what lives on the site and the terms of distribution. That's not the sort of thing our government should depend on.

The state should not pick winners when distributing stuff openly and in-house is an easy technological problem to solve.

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Obama relied heavily on YouTube to do his virtual campaigning last year.

Oh noes! Candidate trailing the "inevitable" nominee uses free media! This really is a slap in the face bus throwing under. I can't believe that candidate Hopey would be so mean as to go where the eyeballs are.

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The problem is that Flash is not an open format and Google has complete control over what lives on the site and the terms of distribution. That's not the sort of thing our government should depend on.
Yes, good point.

But it's my hunch that only the 'video illumanati' (whoever they may be) understand that YouTube is basically a video clip in a Flash wrapper.

If they understood that, they might be more likely to agree with your point. But I think very few people understand this point, nor recognize why they should care about it.

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ffmpeg -i video.flv video.mpg

Not a terribly complicated conversion process there.

The thing that made youtube a success was the flash wrapper. There's no mucking around with WMP or QT or codecs, you just point your browser at the site and everything works. I am as hardcore a geek as they come, but I know the real money is making the tough stuff so easy my aunt Edith can't fuck it up.

By putting videos on youtube anybody who wants to grab them and convert them can do it, and google will pick up the tab for the leventy jillion OC-192s you need to get the stuff out there.

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The thing that made youtube a success was the flash wrapper. There's no mucking around with WMP or QT or codecs, you just point your browser at the site and everything works.
Yup. (And those guys who sold YouTube to Google are geniuses, but I digress...)

However, the point that both you and Jason Kratz are missing in your comments is that some of us LIKE to mixup, mashup, and otherwise take apart video and wiggle it and apply FX and do all kinds of weird, goofy, sometimes 'arty' stuff with it. (In my own case, not related to porn; just to creative testing and also to working some with digital video.)

So Siva's points are relevant for me in several senses:

1. If the video is 'raw' mov, or wav, then it's easier for me to import into my video editing software. If it's in FLV format... yeesh! I gotta 'unwrap' it and that takes processing cajones and time that I don't have. (Thank god for www.zamzar.com!!).

2. So if YouTube is THE ONLY format in which government videos are available, then that's a hassle. People can't stick part of an flv file into iMovie and twink it.
They have to first figure out a way to 'unwrap' the file to extract that little clip of Paulson saying some asinine thing like, 'And we'll save the economy with TARP', which takes like 4 seconds.

3. In order to get that little 4 seconds of Paulson's comments, if the file is ONLY in FLV YouTube format, then you have to add steps to the workflow. Instead of:
(a) grab the raw format
(b) import to video software
(c) cut what you don't need
(d) work with what you do need
....
You end up ADDING steps:
(a) grab format
(b) UPLOAD TO CONVERT FROM FLV TO OTHER FORMAT (estimate an hour or so depending on networks, files, etc) THEN WAIT FOR THE CONVERSION
(c) DOWNLOAD CONVERTED FILE
(d) import to video software
(e) cut what you don't need
(f) work with what you do need: mixup, mashup, yadda, yadda

Now steps B and C are time-consuming and processor intensive.
You'd cut those out simply by allowing uploads and downloads of wav or mov or bittorrent formats.

I actually think Siva's got a really huge point.
If you don't value your own time, then think of the server resources being expended just to wrap and unwrap FLV formats... bleh!

Also, EITHER the government needs their own YouTube servers, OR ELSE they need to require that Google will not stop access to ANY government/public domain YouTube, at any time, yadda yadda. Because access and server control are big deals.

I think YouTube is terrific, but the potential exists for it to 'control' information relevant to government AND/OR public policy, and that's never a good thing. (Jeez, worst case scenario: what if Exxon ever got its hands on YouTube? Eeeeeeekkkkkk!)

Siva, thanks for prompting me to think about this more critically. I see the nest of ants you point to here...
Sigh.

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What he said.

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ffmpeg -i video.flv video.mpg

Not a terribly complicated conversion process there.

Would I be correct in guessing that you use a Mac or a Linux box, or do you just keep the latest build of CGWIN libraries handy on your PC? Just attempting to display ffmpeg encoded video on some Win boxes is a hit-n-miss process, unless you've also downloaded the appropriate codecs for playing them, and the pre-installed cheesey video software editing package that came pre-installed on a branded box doesn't start up a hidden codec fight. I use ffmpeg for some conversions, and have discovered that it often does not play nicely with other video editing software on Windows.

Do you pull your own source code for ffmpeg and make your own builds? The fact of the matter is ffmpeg is a complicated process for anybody who is not comfortable using the command line, doesn't know how to build their own executables from source, and/or is unfamiliar with the process of looking for the correct pre-built binary for their PC. Have you ever tried explaining to a friend why the 64bit program they downloaded will not work on their 64 bit chipped box, because their version of XP is 32 bit?

Then a user must still learn how to download the video. It cannot be just right-clicked saved. After that has been done, one begins the edit process with a compressed down to hell, chopped up into less than 10 minute pieces file, still wrapped in an Adobe propriety envelope.

Open government access, my ass. The right to do this is to just have every agency feed their video streams directly into the Internet Archives, completely free of any ownership claims over it. It is government produced product; and as such is instant public domain. It does not serve the public good to transform it into something else just for redistribution.

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In fact, there is no reason why the GSO could not mandate that all federal agencies post their videos in open forms -- accessible, repostable, and mashable -- on their own sites.

I'm more interested in the government making content accessible to people easily. I understand your points but having the video in 'open forms' and on their own sites makes things harder. Like it or not people know YouTube and its easy available. If you have Flash installed you're good to go.

As far as I'm concerned this is a good move.

I'd much rather see the government use a private entity that does these things well instead of trying to do their own thing poorly. Nobody wins in that case. You're calling for silos of information that nobody will be able to easily find. The government is looking into the best way of doing this. About damn time they get smart.

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It's worth noting that all of the videos on change.gov are cross-posted on YouTube, Vimeo, and Yahoo. A high-resolution MP4 file of each video is also available for download, and all of the content on the site is under a Creative Commons license.

I think this YouTube agreement is simply a matter of convenience, and I'm sure it's not exclusive. Most staffers probably just don't have the technical skills or the time to deal with multiple services for each video.

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Thanks. Gotta link?

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You can see the cross-post links under any video on the site, and the Creative Commons policy is here.

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exclusivity would be a deal killer in my opinion.

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This is a very helpful conversation.

May I point you to two recent articles that address open standards and government publications? They are both by Rajiv Shah and Jay Kasan.

Here they are:

http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1201708

http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1248462

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Thanks, will put those on my reading list.

But my comment about the additional steps involved in having to wrap/unwrap the FLV (which is the Flash trademarked, copyrighted video file compression codec for any here who don't recognize that acronym) raises another point.

Any files uploaded by gov should have different lengths.
For instance, if I could go to the downloads page and just download the 30 sec of video in which Paulson makes the irritating comment that I want to capture, it would sure be good for the gov servers -- and me -- to snap up 30 sec or 1 minute clips.

Meanwhile, the power of YouTube is probably so new that we don't really fully grasp its revolutionary implications.

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I think that the debate is somewhat not in focus. The problem is not the technology itself, but the fact that Google, though it gives free services, is a private company with very clear economic interests that is given a free ride from the new administration without any contracts and transparent competition. Google is not giving Obama this free channel for nothing, but for (probably unofficial for the time being) future collaboration or indirect profit (through advertisements and drawing audience to their website). And though it might seem like the easy solution in the short term, there's no reason why the government cannot supply citizens with this information not through the mediation of a private company. If to think about the analogy in TV terms, it's like deciding that all press conferences from now on will be broadcast only by CNN, because it's the most popular network that broadcasts all over the world. For anyone who cares about the influence of money on government and transparency, this should be a reason for concern.

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Right on. Thanks for putting it back on track.

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The problem is not the technology itself, but the fact that Google, though it gives free services, is a private company with very clear economic interests that is given a free ride from the new administration without any contracts and transparent competition.

I don't see anything like this in the linked article. It says:

General Services Administration officials are negotiating with Google’s YouTube about the rules governing posting government videos on YouTube, a GSA official said today.

The negotiations focus on YouTube’s terms of service, said Tobi Edler, a GSA spokeswoman.

What I get from this article is that the current administration is trying to get YouTube to loosen some of its terms of service, to set standards for videos posted by government agencies. I see nothing about a "free ride," and nothing about a lack of competition. As I pointed out above, Obama is already being as open as anyone could want on the official transistion site.

When I skimmed over this article at first, I assumed it was about the new official YouTube channels for Congress: I see now that, apparently, no one has mentioned those yet. I don't know why we're debating a theoretical exclusivity agreement that doesn't seem to exist, when we could be talking about a new, very public arrangement that does exist.

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Your posting leaves gaps in its explication, leaving me scratching my head wondering if you think an exclusive arrangement with Google is the problem or if any use of Google at all is the problem. Either way, I think you're way down into the paranoid weeds on this one.

The U.S. government needs to give every outlet an equal chance to dispense its information, and I think that is what is happening here. Reading the comment above mine by Designbot makes me think that this is what's happening and that your post is blowing off steam for some other UNDISCLOSED reason. What is your real beef with google?

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Q. What is your real beef with google?

A. Sergey Brin is everywhere...

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One of the things I cannot figure out about the Obama transition, about to be Presidency, is that he taught Constitutional law, right? And yet, I feel like he really has demonstrated, ever since getting elected, a very weak grasp of fundamentals of American-style democracy.

I expect to hear from the end of the bar when I go out of a drink that it would be a good idea to privatize everything in government without much thought about why we need government to do some things independently, with accountability, etc. I'm not accusing Obama of being that far gone, but there have been times since Nov 8 when I've looked at the choices he and his team are making and I think: "It's not just about a 'post-racial' or 'post-partisan' America. It's about a 'post-America' space where the constructs of law are seen as one set of verbal constructs having no more particular value than another. If that's the cast of his thinking, I'm concerned.

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