Finding Moral Light through a Tangle
Those of us who oppose Israel's attack on Hamas in Gaza, who are revolted by the pictures and reports of the mangled bodies and miseries of Palestinian children, dare not let Hamas off the hook because the residents of Gaza are victims. Don't forget what Hamas professes and what it does. Many things are true about Hamas even if you don't like the people who say them. Keep all this in your mind.
For example, here's a clip of Hamas MP Fathi Hammad on Al-Aqsa TV, Feb. 29, 2008, bragging about Hamas using women and children, among others, as human shields:
[The enemies of Allah] do not know that the Palestinian people has developed its [methods] of death and death-seeking. For the Palestinian people, death has become an industry, at which women excel, and so do all the people living on this land. The elderly excel at this, and so do the mujahedeen and the children. This is why they have formed human shields of the women, the children, the elderly, and the mujahedeen, in order to challenge the Zionist bombing machine. It is as if they were saying to the Zionist enemy: "We desire death like you desire life."
I checked out the translation with two Arabic speakers, who confirm that it is accurate. Hussein Ibish, Executive Director of the Foundation for Arab-American Leadership and a Senior Fellow of the American Task Force on Palestine, e-mails me that "such declarations are in keeping with a good deal of the rhetoric of Hamas and some of its supporters."
Consider also these words of Hamas leader Nizzim Rayyam, interviewed by Jeffrey Goldberg two years before he was killed, along with two of his wives and several of his children, by an Israeli air attack last week:
Israel is an impossibility. It is an offense against God... You [Jews] are murderers of the prophets and you have closed your ears to the Messenger of Allah.... Jews tried to kill the Prophet, peace be unto him. All throughout history, you have stood in opposition to the word of God.
If we want to argue that Israel will have to deal with Hamas, cannot pulverize it at gunpoint, cannot "eliminate" it, and indeed heightens its prestige by piling up the bodies of civilians whether they are deliberately targeted or not--and I don't know any alternative in the real world to dealing with them as a political force--we mustn't think we can win the argument cheaply by pretending that it will be easy. It will not be easy. It's only necessary.
Meanwhile, the Israeli government claims that it was justifiable to restrict foreign journalists because Hamas gunmen have used journalists' vests. It also defends firing on ambulances because, it says, Hamas has used ambulances. YouTube indeed has a video that seems to show a UN ambulance being used by Hamas gunmen. It is certainly then understandable that the IDF would take exquisite precautions. But to say understandable isn't to say that it's morally defensible to open fire at will. Israel claims to operate under a principle of "purity of arms": "The soldier shall not employ his weaponry and power in order to harm non-combatants or prisoners of war, and shall do all he can to avoid harming their lives, body, honor and property." I'm a literalist about "all that he can." "All" is all.
The fact that representatives of Hamas deceive, even brag about deceiving, cannot justify the shooting of ambulances and the killing of children.













They can't fire rockets because they might hit Israeli civilians.
They must stay in the open where they can be pulverized by Israeli airstrikes.
They must accept Isarel's blockage because "smuggling" arms is wrong.
No national liberation movement in history could follow these rules.
Gee. Any act of Palestinian resistence is wrong. Unless....it is entirely ineffective. So Abbas: How are those negotiating going in the West Bank? You're not firing rockets so those settlements and checkpoints are disappearing, right?
January 9, 2009 4:39 PM | Reply | Permalink
How about:
They can't fire rockets to break the blockade because they might hit Israeli civilians.
They must stay in the open so they can be pulverized by Israeli airstrikes.
They must accept Isarel's blockade because "smuggling" arms is wrong.
No national liberation movement in history could follow these rules.
Gee. Any act of Palestinian resistance is wrong. Unless....it is entirely ineffective.
So Abbas: How are those negotiations going in the West Bank? Since you're not firing rockets, those settlements and checkpoints must be disappearing.
January 9, 2009 4:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
Palestinians have a right to fight Israel and try to murder children, target nursing homes , schools and etc. They have to right to whine when Israel fight back and kill Palestinian freedom fighters. The Palestinian freedom fighters can't expect to have an immunity just because they hide behind Palestinian children.
January 9, 2009 4:54 PM | Reply | Permalink
Again, what way short of total futility do they have to resist the Occupation?
As I said, Abbas's begging hasn't uprooted a single settlement.
January 9, 2009 5:17 PM | Reply | Permalink
Anyway they want. Another alternative is to settle for the Clinton Plan. It's their choice. Gazans have another choice, stop "resistance" altogether, get billions dollars from the West and build a prosperous society today.
January 9, 2009 5:24 PM | Reply | Permalink
You're right. Accepting 2% of historic Palestine, i.e., the Gaza Strip, seems like a fair deal to me.
January 9, 2009 5:27 PM | Reply | Permalink
It's not a fair deal. It's a choice they have to make.
January 9, 2009 6:09 PM | Reply | Permalink
SholomA and Mythbuster: Don't you ever get sick of this? For the sake of your own and everyone around here's health, I suggest a ceasefire, respite, hudna, truce, whatever you want to call it. You're not convincing anyone. (Perhaps now, I've brought the two of you together in opposition to a common enemy - me).
January 9, 2009 6:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
There is no moral light. "War is hell", said the General.
January 9, 2009 5:51 PM | Reply | Permalink
"War is hell" is what the strong with their boot on the face of the weak have always said. It's very convenient.
January 10, 2009 1:58 PM | Reply | Permalink
We ought not let the Arab League off the hook either. Would it be so painful of a concession to initiate some good will gestures toward Israel as part of the famous Arab League Initiative? Not necessarily even formal recognition, but parhaps something meaningful, yet reversable (should they see fit), like a formal end of the economic boycott or diplomatic exchanges beyond the three member nations that already have diplomatic relations with Israel.
January 9, 2009 6:12 PM | Reply | Permalink
Why should they normalize while settlement contruction continues? You have the sequence backwards: Israel changes it behavior and they are rewarded with normalization.
January 9, 2009 6:34 PM | Reply | Permalink
Israel tried, it didn't work. There were no settlements in the West Bank before 1967.
January 9, 2009 7:35 PM | Reply | Permalink
Do you submit that it is still their war too?
January 10, 2009 8:25 AM | Reply | Permalink
Thank you Professor Gitlin (and you actually were a Professor at NYU J-School when I was a masters student there back in the day, although I was never in your class) for a heartfelt and reasoned post, a refreshing change from so many of the bloviators whose threads quitly and predictably devolve into the endless sqabbling among partisans as bitterly divided as the protagonists themselves.
Anyone opposed to this war must answer the question of how to deal with the murderous idealogues of Hamas. For those who view the creation of Israel as a crime itself, the answer is easy. Hamas, however despicable its means, is merely a byproduct of Israel's illegal policies. For those in the Israel right or wrong camp, the blame for the entire tragic enterprise falls on Hamas. For those, like me, who support Israel's right to exist and defend its citizens, but are deeply disturbed by the suffering in Gaza, there is no easy answer.
Most of the arguments I read here seek to apportion blame among the parties, and there is certainly plenty on both sides: continuing expansion of the settlements and a brutal occupation met with consistent Palestinian and Arab rejectionism (while I can agree that the Camp David deal was less than ideal, the fact remains that no Palestinian leader has ever evinced even an inclination of any compromise on the right of return, which is a nonstarter).
None of these arguments, however, apply to Hamas, which has successfully impeded the peace process at every opportunity through suicide bombings and now rocket attacks. It is often noted that Hamas thrives on the misery and hopelessness of its people, a condition they perpetuate by maintaining a constant state of war. This is just the most recent example of the leaders of Hamas demonstrating that the misery they have brought to their own people is subordinate to their movement's divine aim.
The rule of Hamas sidelines the traditional approaches to a peaceful, two-state solution. Indeed, the movement was created in opposition to the two state solution. Its founding belief is that the entire land of Palestine is occupied, that it is part of the Islamic waqf (?), and that all previous agreements, and all prospective agreements, are against the will of God.
How then can Israel end the blockade of Gaza when the territory is ruled by a movement inalterably opposed to existence and committed to an armed struggle to achieve its objective, no matter the cost? How can Israel allow an implacably hostile group to consolidate its control over adjoining territory, to accumulate even more powerful weapons that will make it even more undeterrable in the future, and to launch attacks on its citizens?
The current situation illustrates the bankruptcy of the temporary truce. Hamas apparently used the lull to acquire more sophisticated weapons that are now raining down on Israeli towns. In this respect, the current operation is not just about stopping the relatively ineffectual (though still monstrous) rocket fire on Israel's South. It is about stopping more deadly rocket fire in the future, not only from Gaza, but also the West Bank. It is ultimately an existential question for Israel. Any ceasefire without provisions for controlling Gaza's borders poses an unacceptable risk.
For Israel, then, something must be done to "change the equation." Hamas thrives on a state of war, and as long as they remain in power, any of the preconditions for peace become more unlikely. As if that weren't depressing enough, Hamas is strenthened by the suffering it causes. When Hezbollah instigated similar devastation on Lebanon, somehow its leaders were hailed as "victors," whose credibility was enhanced (despite their public admission that they misjudged Israel's response). The same is widely predicted as the outcome of the current violence - increased support and legitimacy for Hamas. This is a madness I can't comprehend.
So the question I always come back to is how can Israel deal with Hamas? As someone who is disturbed by the war, but believes strongly in the state of Israel, it is the one for which I have yet to hear a reassuring answer.
January 9, 2009 6:14 PM | Reply | Permalink
You ignore an equally valid question: How can someone opposed to violence (like me) end the Occupation if Israel doesn't want to? (That means agree to leave the West Bank and allow the Gaza Strip to open?)
In short, how can the Palestinians EFFECTIVELY resist?
Notice the moralizers have no answer to that question.
January 9, 2009 6:38 PM | Reply | Permalink
There is always the strategy non-violent direct action that has been effective a few times in places like, say, India. Had Mandela and other activists attempting to bring down apartheid chose a strategy of violence, the international anti-apartheid movement would have been next to nothing.
January 9, 2009 6:51 PM | Reply | Permalink
Actually, the ANC used violence fairly regularly in its struggle against apartheid. Two passages from Wikipedia provide a reasonable summary (note especially the passage I put in bold):
During its days in exile, the ANC was often criticised by western governments who shared the South African government's characterization of the group as a terrorist organization. Several high-profile anti-Apartheid activists such as Archbishop Desmond Tutu criticized the ANC for its willingness to resort to violence, arguing that tactics of non-violent resistance, such as civil disobedience were more productive. The ANC's willingness to ally with Communists was also the subject of both foreign and domestic criticism. A Pentagon report of the late 1980s described the ANC as "a major terrorist organization". Several hardline black nationalists were also critical of the ANC's willingness to embrace whites as equals, even allowing them to serve on the group's executive committee.
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In 1961, Mandela became leader of the ANC's armed wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (translated Spear of the Nation, and also abbreviated MK), which he co-founded. He coordinated sabotage campaigns against military and government targets, making plans for a possible guerrilla war if the sabotage failed to end apartheid. Mandela also raised funds for MK abroad and arranged for paramilitary training of the group.
Fellow ANC member Wolfie Kadesh explains the bombing campaign led by Mandela: "When we knew that we going to start on 16 December 1961, to blast the symbolic places of apartheid, like pass offices, native magistrates courts, and things like that ... post offices and ... the government offices. But we were to do it in such a way that nobody would be hurt, nobody would get killed." Mandela said of Wolfie: "His knowledge of warfare and his first hand battle experience were extremely helpful to me."
Mandela described the move to armed struggle as a last resort; years of increasing repression and violence from the state convinced him that many years of non-violent protest against apartheid had not and could not achieve any progress.
Later, mostly in the 1980s, MK waged a guerrilla war against the apartheid regime in which many civilians became casualties. Mandela later admitted that the ANC, in its struggle against apartheid, also violated human rights, sharply criticising those in his own party who attempted to remove statements supporting this fact from the reports of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
Up until July 2008, Mandela and ANC party members were barred from entering the United States — except the United Nations headquarters in Manhattan — without a special waiver from the US Secretary of State, because of their South African apartheid regime era designation as terrorists.
January 9, 2009 9:16 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'm not arguing that there were people who used violence in the struggle to bring down Apartheid. Trying to sum up something like South Africa's struggle to end apartheid in a single sentence is never going to be accurate. Had the ANC wanted to use the populace to swarm the whites, using their numerical strength, they could have possible overthrown the government, of course there would have a massive slaughter in the process. The general approach was to find a way to peacefully transition to an end to apartheid. Just how many whites in the rural areas were killed? When one looks at what could have been then one realizes that the impulse to use violence by the ANC and others had been greatly controlled because it was not adopted as The Strategy.
January 10, 2009 9:37 PM | Reply | Permalink
Although we may not agree on the precise contours of a solution, I applaud your thoughtful post.
January 9, 2009 10:19 PM | Reply | Permalink
Hamas and the Israeli West Bank settlers are BOTH dominated by ruthless fanatics whose beliefs are antithetical to the principles of the United States and whose actions are anathema to American interests in peace in the Mideast. These terrorist zealots are defacto partners in a so-far successful effort to condemn the region to eternal war. Having failed to deal with this challenge conclusively between 1967 and 2000, and having not lifted a finger to try to deal with it between 2000 and 2008, it may now very well be beyond even the capability of a still semi-strong "superpower" to significantly influence things in the direction of a two-state compromise. If Obama wants to make an effort, however -as seems at least possible- there is first a more fundamental roadblock to remove. America over the last eight years has been much worse than an incompetent bystander to the Mideast madness. The administration and the Congress have been craven tools, rubberstamps, and propagandists at the service of one of the two groups of warring lunatics. The foolish tolerance and pretended ignorance of that idiocy has to stop.
January 9, 2009 6:15 PM | Reply | Permalink
The Israeli West Bank settler don't control the Israeli government. In 2000, Israel agreed to remove most of the settlers and give back or exchange 98% of the West Bank. You are barking up the wrong tree.
January 9, 2009 6:29 PM | Reply | Permalink
Why do you keep repeating that lie? You know it's a lie.
You do realize that if the only way you can "score points" in a discussion is by lying, you've already lost?
January 10, 2009 10:13 AM | Reply | Permalink
Since you keep repeating things, I can as well.
Human Shields:
Used by Hamas
Used by IsraelEthnic CleansingFacing Political RealityWho's Lying? Statement today of Richard Falk, UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in the Occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip. Palestinian Lawyer Jonathan Kuttab [Statement courtesy of IPA- Institute for Public AccuracyRunning the Numbers: Who Kills First? I don't even have to think anymore when I'm posting these things. It's become a reflex.January 9, 2009 9:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
Thank you for this.
January 10, 2009 10:00 AM | Reply | Permalink
You're welcome.
And thank you.
January 10, 2009 3:57 PM | Reply | Permalink
Hamas is a monster.
Israel is the monster's mother.
January 9, 2009 9:26 PM | Reply | Permalink
Hamas is a resistance and social movement. You only call it a monster because you were told to do so, and you did it without even thinking, didn't you?
Fie.
January 25, 2009 10:59 AM | Reply | Permalink
guerilla: thanks for your thoughtful post. much better reading than the usual tpm stuff of the mythbuster types.
as long as Palestinian supporters refer to Israel as "the occupation," there will not be peace. Israel's not going away, despite Hamas' best efforts.
it's in everyone's interest for the Pals to accept Israel's right to exist, forgodsake, as a bare minimum.
nobody will be happy with the final division of the land into two states. but isn't being a little unhappy better than being dead?
January 10, 2009 1:13 AM | Reply | Permalink
If that's the standard we're using, can you please point me to any official statement, having passed in the Knesset, recognizing the right of Palestinians to exist in their own free, peaceful state in the West Bank and Gaza? Or even a fragment thereof?
January 10, 2009 10:30 AM | Reply | Permalink
Of course he can't, because there is no such statement, and there never will be. This whole "right to exist" nonsense is just another blocking tactic by Israel to prevent the ultimate solution to this manufactured conflict, which is the end of Israel itself.
January 25, 2009 10:58 AM | Reply | Permalink
Complete garbage, Todd. Where did you do your research? At AIPAC?
Jeffrey Goldberg's "interview" has come under suspicion as being fraudulent, as he claims to get interviews with senior Hamas leaders that are too fantastical. Sometimes Goldberg claims interviews of people who are already dead. Goldberg happens to be an active member of Israel's military. Enough said about that trash.
Hamas is much more nuanced than your crappy little article here might indicate. In fact, all you've focused on here is the rhetoric and bombast that Hamas expounds against their enemy, the country that stole their homeland, their culture, and their lives. What do you expect them to say? "Aw, Israeli's are good folk, I just wish they'd get off my lawn"?
If Hamas was simply a blood-thristy organization hell bent on defeating Israel with no other purpose to its existence, then how come the Palestinians voted them in as their elected leaders back in 2006? Why? Because Hamas is much, much more than the skewed portrait Todd paints here. They provide for the Palestinian people what Israel and the West have tried to deprive of them. Hamas gives their people life.
And while Hamas is trying to defend the Palestinians, Gitlin's I suppose preferred alternative, Fatah, is busy collaborating with Israel and helping them eradicate the Palestinians in Gaza. Nice.
The reality is that Hamas is a resistance movement against an occupier. Hamas has EVERY RIGHT to resist Israel's occupation. The people of Gaza are refugees from when the zionist forces expelled them from their homes when Israel was illegally created from carved up Arab land. Under the Geneva Conventions, an occupied people have a right to resist by any means necessary. If that means suicide bombers and crude rockets then so be it.
This attempt at equating Israel's lack of morals with Hamas falls on its face for anyone who knows anything about the history of the Middle East (this group obviously excludes Gitlin). Israel is the occupier, the Palestinians are the occupied. That's all you need to know. Viewed in this light, the reality of the situation becomes clear: Israel is, and always has been, and always will be, the aggressor. The only solution to this problem is a dissolution of the state of Israel.
Todd, you're a joke. You're part of the same zionist establishment that wants to perpetuate this war, as Stephen Walt recently wrote about here:
http://warincontext.org/2009/01/22/editorial-does-israel-fear-its-friends-more-than-its-enemies/
January 25, 2009 10:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
Todd Gitlin's craven ideology laid bare:
http://angryarab.blogspot.com/2009/01/tod-gitlin.html
January 25, 2009 11:01 AM | Reply | Permalink