Myth of the Reagan Union Vote
In comments on my last post, Resistance writes that it's union members' faults for the anti-union legacy of Reagan because they supported his election: "Union workers cut their own throats; the movement was destroyed from within,
I remember the election of Reagan and was so angry that Union workers voted for him."
Except this was a myth; sure some union members did support Reagan, as some did Bush, but the large majority supported Carter back in 1980. But it's not surprising that this myth persists, because it was a major rightwing propaganda operation to create the illusion of pro-union support for Reagan.
F. C. Duke Zeller, a republican operative was hired by the 1970s leadership of the Teamsters, who did ally with Reagan to shut down legal investigations of their corruption, and he details this whole operation in his book DEVIL'S PACT: INSIDE THE WORLD OF THE TEAMSTERS. Zeller recounts how the Teamsters ponied up millions of dollars to support Ronald Reagan and his Republicans in 1980, but did even more yeoman work for the Republicans in propaganda that union and working class voters really wanted Reagan.
The Teamsters conducted a mail ballot poll of their members' preferences for President. When the results showed a strong preference for Carter, Zeller was ordered to throw away ballots and rig the poll and announce that Teamster members favored Ronald Reagan.
As the only major union supporting Reagan, the Teamsters were crucial for Reagan in campaigning not just as a candidate of the wealthy but as someone who related to blue-collar concerns.
When Reagan was elected President, the Teamsters were rewarded handsomely and directly for their support. Within days of his inauguration, Reagan made a public visit to the DC Teamster "Marble Palace" headquarters, the first President ever to do so. Reagan also chose as labor secretary Ray Donovan, the hand-picked choice of the top leadership of the Teamsters. Donovan was a contractor involved with many of the same corrupt business deals that many Teamster leaders had in New Jersey. (Donovan was indicted but not convicted for his association with those deals.) But most importantly, the Reagan White House agreed to pull back investigations into corruption among the Teamster leadership.
In 1984, the Teamsters dutifully rigged another poll of its members to fake rank-and-file support for Reagan and poured millions more into Republican races. The Teamsters endorsed Ronald Reagan and he basked in the image of blue-collar "Reagan Democrats" supporting him and his Republican party.
Soon thereafter-- and this is one of those things where Rudolph Guiliani gets credit -- independent investigations by the local federal attorneys office under Guiliani went a big off the reservation and forced a rank-and-file vote for leadership of the Teamsters that ousted the old crew that had cut the corrupt deal with the Reagan administration.
With rank-and-file union members electing the leadership, the Teamsters have supported Democrats for President ever since. So don't buy the old Reagan operatives' lies that union members ushered Reagan into office-- it's just one of the lies of their propaganda machine.
Except this was a myth; sure some union members did support Reagan, as some did Bush, but the large majority supported Carter back in 1980. But it's not surprising that this myth persists, because it was a major rightwing propaganda operation to create the illusion of pro-union support for Reagan.
F. C. Duke Zeller, a republican operative was hired by the 1970s leadership of the Teamsters, who did ally with Reagan to shut down legal investigations of their corruption, and he details this whole operation in his book DEVIL'S PACT: INSIDE THE WORLD OF THE TEAMSTERS. Zeller recounts how the Teamsters ponied up millions of dollars to support Ronald Reagan and his Republicans in 1980, but did even more yeoman work for the Republicans in propaganda that union and working class voters really wanted Reagan.
The Teamsters conducted a mail ballot poll of their members' preferences for President. When the results showed a strong preference for Carter, Zeller was ordered to throw away ballots and rig the poll and announce that Teamster members favored Ronald Reagan.
As the only major union supporting Reagan, the Teamsters were crucial for Reagan in campaigning not just as a candidate of the wealthy but as someone who related to blue-collar concerns.
When Reagan was elected President, the Teamsters were rewarded handsomely and directly for their support. Within days of his inauguration, Reagan made a public visit to the DC Teamster "Marble Palace" headquarters, the first President ever to do so. Reagan also chose as labor secretary Ray Donovan, the hand-picked choice of the top leadership of the Teamsters. Donovan was a contractor involved with many of the same corrupt business deals that many Teamster leaders had in New Jersey. (Donovan was indicted but not convicted for his association with those deals.) But most importantly, the Reagan White House agreed to pull back investigations into corruption among the Teamster leadership.
In 1984, the Teamsters dutifully rigged another poll of its members to fake rank-and-file support for Reagan and poured millions more into Republican races. The Teamsters endorsed Ronald Reagan and he basked in the image of blue-collar "Reagan Democrats" supporting him and his Republican party.
Soon thereafter-- and this is one of those things where Rudolph Guiliani gets credit -- independent investigations by the local federal attorneys office under Guiliani went a big off the reservation and forced a rank-and-file vote for leadership of the Teamsters that ousted the old crew that had cut the corrupt deal with the Reagan administration.
With rank-and-file union members electing the leadership, the Teamsters have supported Democrats for President ever since. So don't buy the old Reagan operatives' lies that union members ushered Reagan into office-- it's just one of the lies of their propaganda machine.
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Political-based urban legends are much harder to extinguish than a brush fire in California being fed dry brush and moved along by Santa Ana winds.
November 12, 2008 2:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
Nathan,
Sure the people at the top of the Teamster's Union supported Reagan, but I saw it from the bottom, where the Reagan Democrats came from.
I've always worked closely with union members, tradesmen, Teamsters and other blue collar people, and back in 1980, most, like myself, were politically unsophisticated. They were born and raised in Philadelphia, a Democrat/Union town, got a union job, and became Democrats, the natural progression for that time and place.
The one political issue we thought we knew about and that we all had in common was our hatred of Welfare, and I think this was the view of unionized people all over the country. I think we all had a warped view I won't get into, but suffice to say, it was warped.
One day, a Presidential candidate came along and promised to get rid of "that welfare queen in her
Cadillac." You know the one, we all saw her;
A big fat black lady in a red Cadillac convertible who would go to the Supermarket, park that Caddy at the front door and go inside and buy the best of the best; Steaks, chops, shrimp, lobster, Ice Cream, candy, cookies, cigarettes, soda, and beer if available. Of course she would pay for all of this with food stamps, then drive that Caddy back to her taxpayer paid for house.
So the union guys and other blue collars all over the country flocked to this guy and became the Reagan Democrats. Why, even the Air Traffic Controllers jumped on this anti welfare bandwagon. (define irony)
In the end, those in the unions and the other blue collars built the gallows the Republicans/Conservatives used to hang them.
And, to a certain extent, its still going on today.
I voted for Reagan the first time, then I started watching C-SPAN and got some political education.
Until the Myth of Reagan is destroyed, until Reagan is shown for what he was as President, his shadow will always be cast over the Democrats.
November 12, 2008 4:08 PM | Reply | Permalink
I don't want to argue that there weren't pro-Reagan unionists, especially among some of what got labeled the "labor aristocracy" of white manufacturing unions who, as you note, felt completely distanced from those left in poverty. But even that image of union members-- as all privileged white male suburbanites -- ignored the many union members, often non-white and increasingly non-male, in less well-paying industries. So it's not a myth that a certain group of unionists were attracted to Reagan. What is a myth is that this group of unionists represented the whole union movement, which as a group stuck with loyalties to Carter and even more so to Mondale in 1984.
November 12, 2008 7:52 PM | Reply | Permalink
Reagan used the "welfare queen" to good advantage in California during his stint as governor.
I recall listening to my dad and his buddies, all WWII vintage, middle class white-flighters, fume about that "nigger broad picking up her welfare check in a Caddy."
This would be about 1972 and it was becoming already something of an urban legend. Everyone had heard of her, but nobody had ever seen her.
November 13, 2008 10:32 AM | Reply | Permalink
But Nixon invented this strategy -- he captured 60% of the white union vote in 1972, and 78% of the southern white vote.
And the Democrats haven't been chipping away at this racial division that exists even among union households. They won this time by winning everybody but whites. The Southern strategy lives on, until white working class people start perceiving their own economic interests better than they have since Nixon.
November 16, 2008 4:37 AM | Reply | Permalink
This is an important corrective.
But the Democrats must take part of the blame for the fiasco with the teamsters. Bobby Kennedy mercilessly persecuted Jimmy Hoffa, who was popular with the rank and file, and sent him to prison. Nixon pardoned him and the teamster leadership supported Republicans for another decade. Kennedy was so, so stupid in this instance.
November 12, 2008 6:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
I was a teamster during those years and and never understgood how we could endorse Reagan. It doesn't make me feel better, but thanks for laying it out
November 12, 2008 6:48 PM | Reply | Permalink
Nathan, I don’t know about the myth.
I reside in a Right to work State
I can tell you this from my experience.
For years I‘ve been in the construction trades. At the time of the Reagan election, I was a Union Carpenter. During breaks, lunch, and many meetings of after work social events, many of my co-workers and I mean many, we would get into heated disputes about who would represent the workers the best. Despite my vocal concerns, it was clear I was unable to convince them otherwise.
In fact some recognized this fact, and rationalizing that Unions needed to be purged of some of the problems of Union leadership, and I warned that if we failed to protect the Unions now, it might never recover,
A lot of blood had been spilled to give us this protection and this new breed of Union workers had their heads buried ….well you know.
This infatuation with Reaganomics, myth lingered for years, how great the economy did with him, as President, I heard this from practically all the trades.
There is also another element when you work with the construction trades, they’ll backstab other locals.
Example: When I was young, just out of high school, I became a Union laborer.
It was not unusual for my employer to tell me to pick up a hammer and remove the concrete forms. BIG MISTAKE, heck you’d thought I killed someone, when the Carpenter Union business agent would come looking for me. We'd fight about whether that was a carpenter job or a cememt finisher job
Years later, as the trades were all competing for more work during one of Phoenix’s famine days, the Plumbers Union, the Electricians and then the Carpenters, decided they didn’t need to respect the Laborers Union, they would now bypass the laborers and would start having a pre-apprentice program, these new hires would now do the work that used to be done by laborers.
It wasn’t that much afterwards, that the trades were crying when Non union contractors beat them out of the work.
Reminding me of that story about when they came looking for communist I didn’t care, I wasn’t a communist,when they came for the Jews I didn’t care I wasn’t a Jew, When they came for me there was no one left to defend me.
So as I said “Union workers cut their own throats; the movement was destroyed from within”
November 13, 2008 12:37 AM | Reply | Permalink
I wish 100% of union members voted for progressive candidates, but then some percentage of black voters supported McCain, so no community is ever monolithic. And yes, the building trades have their own byzantine institutional and political history, with lots of issues of nepotism interacting with opposition to affirmative action pushing many members to the right during the 1970s and 80s as well. The fights over jurisdiction within the trades mean there is room for politicians to play games pitting some trades against the others at points.
If you're original post had said "many in the union movement, especially in the building trades, cut their own throats", I probably wouldn't have disputed the sentence. But there is a historical myth that "union movement" = white male construction workers = most conservative, racist minority of those workers. And that equivalence ignores the vast numbers of unionized janitors, nurses, teachers, and even most manufacturing workers that always stayed supportive of progressive, pro-union candidates. With the popular image of unions, most people don't even know that a higher percentage of black folks are union members than white people. So my argument is about challenging the stereotype of who the "typical" union member is more than challenging the fact that there were, IN SOME UNIONS, a significant number of union folks supporting Reagan.
November 13, 2008 10:18 AM | Reply | Permalink
Believe me, We in the middle class have suffered because we don't get a seat at the table, all we get are the crumbs.
Collective bargaining is in our best interest.
Buy Union Buy American.
November 13, 2008 5:10 PM | Reply | Permalink
I currently am in the UAW at one of the Big 3 (or Big 2 as some claim). One of our biggest issues since I've been involved in the early 1990's is why do approximately 30% of union workers vote Republican.
From my perspective, it has nothing to do with Reagan--although Reagan did make many feel comfortable in their racism. It had to do with a few things such as racist undertones that Reagan presented about "welfare queens", how Affirmative Action was taking something deserved among the priviledged whites and giving it to undeserving minorities.
Also, taxes and abortion as wedge issues is huge among this group. With the amount of overtime worked, many skilled trades would make over $100K annually and view themselves as "Republican". They didn't seem to understand (or care) that it was only through political power gained through the Democratic Party that they got what they got. Republicans would claim "lower taxes" and that was good enough for some of them.
And abortion is a huge issue for many of those who continually vote Republican. That is the only issue some focus on. It is not different than right wing Christians and their focus on limited issues.
So, actually, most vote Republican over selfish issues or what they view as altruism (in the case of abortion).
Also, there has been a consistent propaganda war against unions at least since 1981 (when Reagan came into office) with little to no counter-balance regarding what unions do for their membership and their country. Even with that assault, still polls show a majority of Americans want the right to join a union. Please contact your Senators and Representative and tell them to support the Employees Free Choice Act.
Just one more item, most union members--even if they support Republicans--will admit that it was Reagan who signaled open warfare against the unions with the firing of the Air Traffic Controllers (PATCO--and thus destroying that union)in 1981.
November 13, 2008 8:31 AM | Reply | Permalink
I think the leadership of Patco, was selfish.
Years ago a friend of mine whose a big money person in AMWAY, an organization with deep roots into the Republican Party.
They had a book “Profiles of Success” , and lo and behold, one of another big money person in the AMWAY organization, was none other than one of the leadership of PATCO.
If Republican ideology clouded this mans decisions, it wouldn’t have mattered to him to destroy collective bargaining and allowing Reagan to fight a battle he knew he would win.
Most AMWAY people I've ever met aren't to keen with collective bargaining and they think it is a curse to FREE ENTERPRISE.
Patco more than gave Reagan an opportunity, I believe they facilitated it's demise.
After Reagan was shot and his honeymoon extended, labor backed off.
November 13, 2008 5:28 PM | Reply | Permalink
Anyone care to guess how many of the Boeing workers who belong to the Machinist's Union voted for McLame?
These people have swallowed the idea that work=money=success. They have no idea where they'd be without the blood of the Union movement.
Sheeple.
November 14, 2008 5:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
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