TPMCafe
« Safety At Any Cost? | Home | Shake the Investigation Tree »

The Case For Endless Torture Prosecutions

user-pic


Unsurprisingly for someone who's written such an excellent book, Jane asks an excellent series of questions. About two years ago, I had lunch with a former CIA official who tried to stop the torture. This person encountered a variety of opinion inside what used to be called the Directorate of Operations about whether it was indeed immoral or illegal to subject detainees to the "enhanced interrogation" regimen that Jane explores. But there was complete unanimity that CIA would end up holding the bag, marched before indignant legislators, smeared in the press, left at the mercy of grand juries -- all while the Bush administration officials who ordered and authorized the torture return to, say, their tenured positions at Boalt Hall.

Some of that reflects the odd culture of self-pity often seen at the CIA. But it also reflects a cardinal rule of policymakers: when the policy goes off the rails, blame the intelligence people. Not for nothing is Jose Rodriguez, former chief of the agency's clandestine service, the only U.S. official currently at risk of facing charges, not Yoo nor Addington nor Gonzales nor Cheney nor Bush.

So, yeah, there should be prosecutions -- or, rather, there should be the opposite sort of prosecutions that occurred after Abu Ghraib. Start with, say Addington and Yoo.

This all bears as much relationship to reality as my fantasy baseball team does to the 2008 postseason, but why not sketch out a hypothetical case. In January, President Obama directs Attorney General Feingold to put together a team for a thoroughgoing investigation of culpability of the origins of the Bush torture policy, with an eye toward criminal prosecutions. He takes the high-minded approach in public: No administration is above the law, and the only way preserve the principle of the rule of law is to punish lawbreakers, no matter how powerful they were. He orders that the Office of Legal Counsel and the CIA and the National Security Council and the Defense Department declassify a welter of material that we haven't yet seen, like the OLC's August 2002 recommendations for the legality of techniques like waterboarding. The Senate Judiciary Committee prepares for marathon hearings, with star witnesses lining up to take the Fifth.

What the hell, let's be crass. There's a huge political upside for the Obama administration to do this. All of a sudden, reporters like us are too busy with untangling the origins of the torture regime to focus on, say, the Obama health care plan, or the Obama Iraq withdrawal plan or the Obama economic-recovery plan. And the opponents of that agenda are either facing potential indictment or helping their friends defray their legal expenses. Everyone (who isn't a torture advocate) wins!

To be serious, the merits of the approach are pretty straightforward. Executives tend not to give up their own discretionary authority voluntarily. It's surprising that few people interpreted Obama's vote for the FISA bill as a cynical one -- after all, Obama probably thought, if I'm going to be president, maybe I'd like to engage in some 4th-Amendment-skirting domestic surveillance myself. Bush has claimed a breathtaking amount of authority for the presidency in violation of laws that were considered unambiguous before his administration came to office. The only way this gets rolled back is when someone who planned this policy goes to jail -- not the CIA interrogator who implemented it. Which means, in all likelihood, we'll be stuck with torture as an instrument of policy, with a tendentious but ready-made rationale available to future presidents during moments of expediency.

Given all that, isn't it practically guaranteed that Bush issues blanket pardons for torture as his last big act in office?


11 Comments

| Leave a comment
user-pic

Bush definitely will issue blanket pardons for every member of his administration. I have no doubt about that. But, I also have little doubt the Obama will issue a pardon for Bush as one of his first acts as president.

Incoming presidents always want to clear the slate, start off with a clean sheet, etc. So, Obama will reason that his dream of a new way of doing business in Washington requires that we only look forward, not back. It's disgusting, but almost a 100% safe bet.

The net result is that our Constitution means whatever our president says it means. At some future date a president will say it gives him the authority to set the dates for any elections he feels are needed, and we sure don't need one for his successor, not now, not in our time of crisis.

Fortunately I will be departed from this life by then (I hope), so I will trust my grandchildren to know how to handle this.

A blanket pardon would in the current circumstances lead to insurmountable pressure for some form of commission of inquiry. There would be no ability to plead the fifth as pardons had already been issued. All the squalid little details would be laid bare. Bush is not going to risk that.

If Yoo were pardoned he would be immediately hauled in front of congress to confess all. And then he would face a perjury trap: admit his crimes and lose his job or commit perjury and face prosecution or refuse to say anything and go to jail immediately.

But issuing pardons is in any case of limited effect as the President can only issue pardons for crimes against the United States. Bush cannot issue pardons for crimes committed against the laws of other countries.

Torture is now considered to be under universal jurisdiction in international law. While a US President has the power to effectively block extraditions he disagrees with, there is nothing much that the courts or the Bushies could do to block extradition proceedings if the President of the day supported them.

What will happen under the Obama administration is clear: nothing.

But over time the pressure for investigation will mount. And Yoo will get his just deserts, just like elderly ex-NAZIs and Klu Klux Klan murderers got theirs.

Wouldn't Bush have to be plausibly facing charges for Obama to pardon him? Why would Obama do that?

user-pic

Bush just as plausibly faces charges as Nixon did, and Ford pardoned him, not just for specific charges, but for anything and everything he might have done as president. That set the precedent.

Obama's entire campaign is built around changing the bitter partisan atmosphere in Washington and working together to fix the multitude of major problems we face. If all of our attention is focused on proving that a Republican president is a criminal, deserving of sentencing for his crimes, you can be sure Obama's chances of accomplishing what he says he wants are zero. So, he will pardon Bush.

user-pic

I don't think there will be pardons. As Gellman illustrates in Angler, Cheney and Addington were in the game as much to establish precedents for executive action as they were to torture, or wiretap, etc. Pardons undermine the theory. These guys think they were right. They want to brazen it out.

Even if there are pardons, that doesn't completely tie Obama's hands. A lot of the torture was in violation of the Geneva Convention. He could have his AG lay the groundwork for a trial in the Hague, which is never going to happen without official U.S. help.

I'm not predicting he would do this, just saying he could, if he really believed in the rule of law and our international commitments.

Btw, for full historical irony, he'd need to appoint Chris Dodd as the prosecutor.

Btw, for full historical irony, he'd need to appoint Chris Dodd as the prosecutor.

William, you're razor-sharp!

user-pic

Preventive impeachments might be nice, but I wonder if ex post facto impeachment negates pardons? Likely would require Court attention if tested, but the Constitutional language about the Presidential power to pardon is not absolute regarding sequence.

user-pic

You can't get away from Ford's pardon of Nixon, without specifying any crimes he was being pardoned for. That is the precedent, and it was not even challenged in court when it happened. Bush now has all the authority he needs to list everyone who worked in his administration and pardon the whole lot for everything they might have done.

user-pic

Why should Bush pardon anyone? As long as he considers himself immune to prosecution, he has no incentive to save the skins of all those losers who ruined his presidency. We really haven't seen anything that suggests loyalty running any direction but up in this administration.

Yoo is a fool and unless someone can surface a clear case of perjury or misprision of justice while he was counsel, he committed no crime by merely being a twit. He will never be jailed for his sophomoric legal tracts. Addington is a very different case however. Remember, when asked how far the administration could go in their power grabs, he replied "Until they stop us." "Until they stop us," was his operating principle, and it is upon that that one may safely depend that he committed and suborned multiple felonies. Yoo may have information, but the target should be Addington, and through him, Cheney and, perhaps, the president himself.

user-pic

Ehh, Obama will never do something like this. And Passive Pelosi has pretty much pushed the idea of real Congressional investigation, or further reforms, down her personal rathole.

Andther reason to vote Green or other progressive third parties.

Leave a comment

Advertisement
Please disable your adblocker!
Ads are how we pay the bills!

Subscribe

The Coffee House
TPMCafe's regulars

House Brew
From Your Cafe Editor

Special Guests
Big names and big brains

Special Features
Pressing topics and trends

Table for One
An expert's week-long talk.

All Reader Posts
TPM readers discuss.

Recent Reader Posts

All Reader Posts »





Masthead

Editor-in-Chief
Josh Marshall

Site Editor
Lila Shapiro

Intern
Kyle Krahel-Frolander



Subscribe to TPMCafe's feed.
Subscribe to TPMCafe's reader blog feed.

Advertise Liberally
Share
Close Social Web Email

"To" Email Address

Your Name

Your Email Address