Brother Can You Paradigm?
You may have noticed the Capitalism, it doesn't work too good. This should not be good news for John McCain. But it isn't very good news for Barack Obama either, since the secret watchword for his economic policy is "nudge," whereas what capitalism needs is more like an ass-whippin. Obama has good and smart economists, but they are so square you could jab yourself on one of their sharp corners.
McClueless is entertaining. By the way, did you hear he was a P.O.W.? He is going to clean up Wall Street, and he wants to free the economy of burdensome regulation. At least, that is the ideology to which he apparently adheres. Free enterprise, individualism, small government, "laissez-faire."
Except the model towards which the U.S. system and its politicians incline, like flesh-eating zombies to a ripe Rotarian, is not laissez-faire at all. It is the unified machinations of big corporations, high finance, and big, bad government, also known as corporativismo. (Sounds better in the original Italian.)
It is aptly described as "socialism for the rich" or "corporate welfare." For those of you who haven't given up books yet, you can find elaboration from Jamie Galbraith, Dean Baker, and Mike Perelman, among others.
In the era of big, bad government, the state's repressive powers expand. More defense spending, fewer civil liberties, reduction of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights to a shell. Financial powers are left free to gamble, comforted by the knowledge that regulation will be absent, enforcement will be minimal, and bail-outs will be plentiful. Heads they win, tails you lose. The irresponsibility of corporate and financial miscreants is given free play in the name of unleashing the productive forces of the economy. In the actual event, huge resources were sacrificed to the waste of dot-com duds and overpriced real estate. Capitalism is some great system. Unfortunately, it is not very good at allocating capital.
The old frame of the G.O.P. as the party of limited government is obsolete. The Republicans are the party that greases the big wheels of finance and the corporations, to the benefit of few but the self-selected cronies. We're Russia, but with better toys.
We might have expected that under capitalism, legitimate profit opportunities would lead investors down the primrose path to a national cornucopia of wealth. But the actual dilemma seems to be a dearth of really exciting, windfall profit opportunities that entice those with the most money -- the truly greedy. Instead we get a panoply of flim-flam aimed at paper returns that result in accumulated claims on real resources created by others. The speculators and financiers are the true welfare queens of the age. They use and waste money that isn't theirs, get paid handsomely for abysmal performance, and are able to extort bail-outs from the taxpayer by creating messes that are too big to allow to unwind.
You know there's a problem when the presidential candidates sound the same. Obama needs to ramp up the policy a notch. What sort of improved regulation or oversight is in question. What penalties for those who violate their fiduciary responsibilities. Unfortunately, some of the opposition is in his own party, nay, his own campaign. The legacy of the fabulous decade of the 90s, and the Democratic leaders who insist on paying tribute to it, built substantially on the dot-com bubble, is an intellectual millstone that prevents the flowering of truly new thinking. Of course, Obama can only win by staying as far away from new thinking as possible.
The change we really need requires a revolution in public opinion. Alas, such knowledge is acquired at grievous cost.



















Capitalism per se is a useful economic engine, as anybody who has ever walked 5 miles to sell a basket full of eggs to buy a pig knows. The problem is that, without any rules, without any constraints, without any regulations, the cathexis of Capitalism is greed, and the anti-Cathexis is fear--unregulated, these two forces operate as strange attractors in a chaotic system to leverage monopolies.
The natural tendency of every capitalist is to corner the market. This is the same as mono-culture, in agriculture, or the opposite of diversity. Mono-culture in Ireland is the cause of the Irish Potato Famine. Mono culture of corn in Bolivia in 1963 was the cause of the pandemic of hemorragic fever known as Machupo.
Diversification is a natural antidote to the problematic side effects of a mono-culture. In order words, competition is good. Wal-Mart kills its competition. Kudzu kills its competition. Bank America eats its competition. The Borg is NOT a desirable objective.
There used to be a couple of hundred railroads in the US 80 years ago. Today there are about 4 or 5. Toshiba makes notebook computers and locomotives. Having one or two companies provide all the goods and services in the world could bring a whole new set of problems the consumer may not yet imagine. Teddy Roosevelt saw the problem and tried to mitigate it. Franklin Roosevelt tried to do the same.
You have to manage the beast to keep it from becoming a monster, just as you would manage a nuclear reactor so that it may provide heat for electricity, without turning into the China Syndrome.
September 15, 2008 9:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
Very good comments, and I agree completely. No economic system with an "ism" on the end of it is viable. Only a regulated economic system that makes use of some of the strong features of all of the "ism"s is close to being ideal.
September 16, 2008 12:50 AM | Reply | Permalink
c4logic,
Your post is most agreeable, but here I would ask you to consider this.
Just as the education systems we envy are national systems, so most enviable rail systems are a Target efficient and convenient version of Amtrack. If I remember Japan has competing, but interconnecting subway systems in Tokyo, but is knit together by JR and the really wizard bullet trains.
September 16, 2008 2:22 AM | Reply | Permalink
You bring up an interesting problem domain. I think one of the problems with capitalists is that they are, in the words of Gregory Bateson, seeing every problem as a nail and trying to beat it with a hammer. It seems that there are some areas where the kind of competition that springs from capitalist enterprise is not the best approach to solving the problem. Or even the profit incentive. Doctors without Borders achieves astonishing objectives without trying to accumulate capital at the end of the day. They use a different metric to keep score.
Capitalism works best in a win-win scenario. I have a basket of eggs, I need a pig. You have a pig, and need a basket of eggs. We trade. We are both happy. You've been growing pigs to trade. I've been growing eggs. But my neighbor covets my pig, and goes into the egg business. Now both of us are walking to town and we both try to get your pig for trade. You say, I will trade to the one who offers the best deal. Now I am trade eggs below cost to drive my neighbor out of business, but it's hurting me, too. Your pig is suddenly worth much more when measured in eggs, and you expand your pig farming accordingly. But with my neighbor out of business, and my knowledge of your expansion, I know you are under pressure to move pigs, and you need eggs, so I raise my egg prices. Now you gotta give me 2 pigs. But you borrowed money to expand your pig farm. Now you can't pay off your loan. The lender seizes your farm but knows nothing about pigs. Seems the pig industry is under a lot of competitive pressure and he can't unload the farm. Meanwhile, the pigs get sick, and because he knows nothing about pig husbandry, the pigs begin to die. Now, I can't get any pigs locally, and it will take me a two days walk to get to the next market, so I have to buy a cart and a donkey--and so on and so forth. If left unregulated, even the simplest trade relationships can spiral out of control.
There used to be private roads in the US. There have been private roads built all over Europe and Asia. There are private schools all over the US and Europe. But in the view of most economists, highways and roads are 'public goods', not amenable to ordinary market competition.
That has been the view towards many basic public services, historically speaking--water works, sewerage treatment, power companies, local bus service, cable tv, phones, all used to be regulated by public services commissions because they were seen as foundational to the functioning of a community and the disruption of these services through the ordinary chaotic workings of a competitive market were thought to be risky to the goal of stability. Could the Space Program of the 60's been accomplished by capitalists? The was members of the homebrew club that invented the micro-computer that became Apple. IBM didn't do it.
If we have all private schools, I could teach kids the Earth was flat, and if you were a flat Earther, you would probably want to send your kids there. Could the FAA be run as a matrix of capitalist competitors? Air Traffic Control? Hospitals are capitalist enterprises, in most cases, and will not exchange information with one another, citing proprietary privilege. This is one of the root problems of hospital infections.
There is another form of organization, which started in Minnesota. The Grange movement. The Farmer's Cooperative. Here are guys who ordinarily compete with one another who band together to leverage greater control over market supply and pricing and to take advantage of volume purchasing. Co-ops are a great way to control costs by cutting down on the number of brokers or middle-men. I am just saying that there is more than a hammer in the toolbox.
September 16, 2008 8:26 AM | Reply | Permalink
There are services that are best and most efficiently performed by a single provider. Monopolies must be regulated, so we have private utilities. We also have public utilities which often outperform their private "competitors", as any PG&E customer will explain. So although there are reasons for regulation of utilities to reduce risk as you state, the major regulations are to ensure a reasonable, but not excessive, profit.
For schools, people are proud of America as the country of equal opportunity, but if anyone thinks the schools in Palo Alto and East Palo Alto are equal, I have 2 lovely bridges for sale.
September 16, 2008 12:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
Oh, I also forgot to mention that Japan, (and Hong Kong) are in a unique situation of cultural hegemony. Everyone is pretty much on the same page. You don't have the Pilsner Party, the Nut Brown Ale party and the Milk Stout Party. Japanese culture is homogenous. That has led to a different type of relationship between the govt, finance, and corporations. It has led to monolithic institutions like nothing we have in the US, which is as diverse as you can get, in terms of ethnic, cultural, class, and political differences.
September 16, 2008 8:52 AM | Reply | Permalink
My Dear Dr. Rotwang,
Obama isn't about to ramp up anything that would cause his friends from big finance any discomfort. You may recall that he is the corporate/centrist Democratic candidate for President. He narrowly beat out the other corporate/centrist candidate in a titanic battle between "firsts" that was held earlier this year where policies were forgotten and glass ceilings were to be broken or "old politics" transcended.
Obama has had more backing from the very Wall Street interests you identify as having caused the messes the taxpayers are now being forced to clean up than any other candidate. He won't lift a finger to regulate them. He is beholden to them.
If Obama were not the corporate/centrist Democrat he is, he would be talking about kicking ass and taking names on Wall Street. But he isn't. He would be talking about doing something with our tax money to provide relief to the human beings who have been ripped off and manipulated instead of going along with the corporate/centrist DC crowd supporting all the bailouts and other rescue operations that will benefit the rich and screw the average taxpayer.
I wish that I were wrong, but I think there's little or no hope that Obama will do anything different than McCain when it comes to the Wall Street mess we have on our hands. You see, they both serve the same master first: business interests. Citizens and the interest of the people take a back seat to the rich guys.
September 15, 2008 9:37 PM | Reply | Permalink
oleeb,
makes me wince and grab my eyetooth in the Italian gesture for that is so stupid it makes my teeth hurt.You have written many perceptive posts, but
September 16, 2008 1:46 AM | Reply | Permalink
And what evidence would you offer that even suggests Obama would depart from the most wimpy, middle of the road, DLC/Republican lite sort of remedies for Wall Street's out of contol greed and irresponsibility? I would love to be proven wrong, but there's not a whit of evidence he will do much of anything different than a Republican would on this particular score. I personally believe it has a very great deal to do with the millions they have pumped into his campaign.
And is Obama not the #1 recipient of Wall Street money in the Presidential contest (including every major candidate in both parties this year)? I believe you'll find he is. They don't shell out that money from the goodness of their hearts ya know.
September 16, 2008 2:36 AM | Reply | Permalink
oleeb,
May I summarize your comment as posing three questions and answer them as posed?
(1) Is there any evidence that Obama (who calls for regulation) will differ from McCain (shut up, you whiner)? Asked and answered.
(2) Obama gets more money from Wall Street than McCain. So he is as or more bought than McCain. Wall St. doesn't give away money.
(A) Wall St. is just observing the odds and maximizing the value of their investments.
(B) Maybe McCain's price is lower than Obama's. Anybody who will swallow "Illegitimate black daughter" and grin ... should not expect a lot.
C) Do you think rich and mega-rich people are very different in LA and NYC? I'll grant that actors and other artists are more simpatico than corporate execs, but not all the Wall St money is an investment; some is a preference.
September 16, 2008 3:19 AM | Reply | Permalink
These are not responses. They are, at best, excuses.
Look, I'm voting for Obama, but I'm under no illusion that he offers any sort of real and substantive contrast to McCain when it comes specifically to addressing the widespread malfeasance that has occured on Wall Street. That's my point and it is very clear that Obama has been a corporate booster from day one. He offers mild criticism of the theft and irresponsibility that has brought our financial system to the point of collapse instead of the condemnation. He expresses concern, but not outrage. He never attacks the criminals responsible for this mess. That's a pretty good sign that he's beholden to them and that their contributions have had the desired effect of coopting the decision makers with the corrupting influence of their money.
September 16, 2008 9:56 AM | Reply | Permalink
oleeb,
I'm glad you are voting for Obama. I'm sure that you, like me and many people here, wish that Obama would breathe fire, smite the wicked, and sow their fields with salt. But that's just not the way he operates.
I don't think Obama is as centrist as the DLC, but you're right that he is no Kucinich. Still, don't you think that the major hazard on the path to regulation will be Mitch McConnell and his merry men? I doubt we will have the 60 votes needed for cloture.
z2v
September 16, 2008 12:15 PM | Reply | Permalink
No need to argue, guys.
Wall Street ever has been in the business of creative financing and mispricing risk. That's how it makes its money -- more in liberal fiscal times, less when the world turns conservative. Eventually, the market corrects Wall Street's excesses and we're left to live through the collateral damage.
But I wouldn't look to any politician, captured by or free of Wall Street's charms, to cure the problem.
Regulation looks to the past; Wall Street to the future. And as between Washington's dull, bureaucratic regulators and Wall Street's inventive operators, imagination always wins.
September 16, 2008 9:43 AM | Reply | Permalink
Ellen,
regulations don't come into existance in a vacuum, they are usally born after some scandal.
An airplane goes down and 200 people die. Investigators discover the airline cut back on maintenance to save money.
A drug is put on the market and peopel start dying. Investigators find the Pharm didn't do enough testing.
People contact eColi and lose their kidneys,
investigators discover the spinach farm was
not protected from the local pig factory's waste stream.
A guy robs a bank because there are no laws prohibiting it.
Regulations and laws protect people from the sharks, and todays world is full of them, they're the "deregulators', the people who use the metaphors "Free Market, Market Forces, Free Trade" in place of their Holy Grail, Unbridled Capitalism.
Today's scandals on Wall Street will no doubt lead to "regulations", and as soon as they are enacted, the Republicans will immediately go to work and try to get rid of them. They will, of course, call it "reform".
It will be deja vu all over again.
September 16, 2008 11:40 AM | Reply | Permalink
Jesus Christ Ellen, did you open up a paper today?
If this is the bold future, give me the past any damn day.
I simply can't believe you'd defend the glories of Wall Street at the precise moment when it's countless vices are on full display. Jesus.
September 16, 2008 4:21 PM | Reply | Permalink
"The change we really need requires a revolution in public opinion. Alas, such knowledge is acquired at grievous cost."
Too true. There is much grumbling but little public demand for a serious policy alternative to the status quo -- not even a notion that there could be one.
We are kidding ourselves if we think the problem is only the Roves of the world without acknowledging that their tactics are effective for a reason. The question is, how bad do things need to get before people are willing to set foot on a different path, rather than, at best, on the same path with better guides?
September 15, 2008 10:15 PM | Reply | Permalink
I think the hysteria over Sarah Palin suggests an answer.
September 16, 2008 6:40 AM | Reply | Permalink
Brilliant.
Yes, yes I have noticed that. Funny you should mention it.
=D
Obama needs to talk a bit more about his infrastructure/jobs plan. Someone suggested a catchy title, (it tends to lull the capitalists)
September 15, 2008 10:40 PM | Reply | Permalink
I have to disagree Doc. Capitalism works just fine...for the ones at the top of its food chain that is. For the rest of us? Well I think you are right, not as good a deal. The losers in any competition usually don't get to write the history.
The only thing that'll be changed is the economy will be tweaked to allow normal amounts of greed as opposed to the last 8 years of greed, which has been biblical in its proportions. I think both parties and even The Street realize this cannot be allowed to happen again. And the modest regulations will be hailed by all as big a big reform and properly marketed (in a P.T. Barnum sense) to the American people as such...then everyone will rejoice, as it will be time for the business of capitalism as usual.
September 15, 2008 11:38 PM | Reply | Permalink
I disagree that the corporate hogs agree that anything needs to be changed, other than that the federal government needs to give them more money. I can see no end to the enormous lust for money that grips our country now. It is an epidemic far more serious than Polio or the Black Death. When so called Christians will vote Republican in an attempt to get another tax cut, and rail about how overtaxed we are, in the face of the problems facing us today, the epidemic has to be in full swing. And US business schools only exist to further that lust for money.
September 16, 2008 12:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
I agree with you Hoppy. I guess I wasn't clear but I was trying to say this will be a case of 'the more things change the more they will stay the same'...the change will be only an illusion and it will continue to be business as usual.
September 16, 2008 1:09 AM | Reply | Permalink
I think it is important to note the difference in Capitalism before the Industrial Revolution, and after. It is also important to note the difference in financial industries before the futures market and after. Securitization of commodities and leveraged instruments is the way a house of cards is built. All the interdependencies are such that the failure of a single card brings down the house--and with Industrial approaches engaged in mass production, they create a system with a voracious appetite--and when any of the dependencies, financial markets, for example, hiccoughs, the whole system becomes unstable and threatens to break down entirely. The way that this is avoided is with tools of risk mitigation, and I don't mean hedging.
September 16, 2008 8:31 AM | Reply | Permalink
Libertine,
Capitalism is like a casino, the owners are the corporate executives and the public is.....well, the public.
And in the immortal words of that bastion of integrity, Congressman Ozzie Meyers; "Money talks and bullshit walks."
September 16, 2008 12:09 PM | Reply | Permalink
Doc, You and I are obviously on the same page. But I have to tell you I like skipping ahead in stories, and you want like what's coming.
September 16, 2008 12:41 AM | Reply | Permalink
you won't like what's coming. I need a typing class.
September 16, 2008 12:44 AM | Reply | Permalink
Doc, good title anyway. Made me laugh.
Otherwise: Corruption isn't an -ism, it's a -ion.
September 16, 2008 12:52 AM | Reply | Permalink
Too clever, Mike. Corporatism is not synonymous with corruption, although it invites it and may need it to exist.
September 16, 2008 9:52 AM | Reply | Permalink
Oh jeez, everybody here, just shoot me. Anybody ever read Kevin Phillips, Wealth and Democracy: A Political History of the American Rich? Samsara, the wheel goes round and round. I hope.
September 16, 2008 1:59 AM | Reply | Permalink
goddam NWSYWIG editor.
September 16, 2008 2:01 AM | Reply | Permalink
I think we've got enough here for an anarchists convention.
September 16, 2008 6:22 AM | Reply | Permalink
This is the most important post that was brought up by now, around the campaign.
This is the bottom line.
I am pessimistic about Mr. Obama, or more, about the readiness of the lower huge middle class and poor, in terms of ideological turn they can absorb and be ready to go with. The use of economic justice though the truth STARTS to be more clear (especially after the last days cooperate downfall, that will not harm one person who is well set, but will just take down more middle class to lower middle class and poor into more poverty.)
The bottom line is bluntly and undeniably an Ideological clarification which non the Americans nor its to half toned new messenger (as you have accurately said) of "socialism for the rich" Mr. "yes we can".
The entanglement in the truthfulness in the American system and myth of everybody theoretical equal chances and what you got to do is be a real believer and a responsible patriot that will work hard even when your half way in the grave.
This self-victimization, or self-deceptive altroismus of "I'm a survivor, I'm Gonne make it...keep on surviving" free-money-status-slavery poor-individualistic mantra - sums it up crudely) -in terms of morality is too long a cookery of the US hisory and circumstances from the very beginning:"what's freedom: property as the essence or money as means for freedom-which is the right to live a decent life, and with all the emancipatory Ideas of womens rights, human rights, freedom of speech and fair distribution of wealth- with the last part constructed as contradiction to all the previous Ideas. This is just not the American basis for democracy. The puritan-colonialist-based-complexed history of-lonely-moral-patriot-ranger is the miss out of a social pact that organizes itself towards a system and ideology that enables (and espiers to) decent life for all, by a sane distribution of wealth, which does not exist anywhere in the world and never will, but is possible to a true extent (Netherlands former colonialists, Norway...).
But the uprising is starting. Greece, Bolivia, Argentina, Venezuela, Thailand and so forth, the minorities in France etc. There is a Dialectical happening going on, and were in it.(for better or worse, good realizations are happening with the fall of the money pillars that maintained the petit bourgeoisie. It may take 150 years, it may just get worse. we have to guard ourselves from the weapons and the pollution.)
A slow and small up rise of these understanding are happening in the states, but the Ideological-Identity of Patriotism that has its submissive hegemony of the identification of property as freedom itself (instead of means) is very deeply rooted.
That is the question with Obama, that cannot sound too much of a socialist (and therefore the campaign keeps the whining romanticizing kitsch reminiscence of the "American Dream" (spreading the same false happiness as the unique national gist) with the royal families private tear jerker little odyssey ("I'm so glad my brother Craig is able to be here... my mother, my father, my grandma which on her behalf I'm doing all this...my father who worked when he couldn't work, while dying, going through agony to kiss my mother on the other side of the room.... YAP YAP... soap opera.)
The question is how gently they will play with those new realizations of people understanding that they are being systematically screewd, but that can't be done far away from the edible familiar package of a big opera show that invites everybody to the Democrat family.
Well, historically its just all good news, but I hope he'll win these fewer percentage so that the levels of pollution will be reduced and green-Tech will get a major push, and also not starting the next war in the middle east and expanding a new round of cold war--- that can be nice.
Thank you Mr.Rotwang. It was very clarifying.
September 16, 2008 7:47 AM | Reply | Permalink
I'm dizzy.....
September 16, 2008 8:16 AM | Reply | Permalink
Well, the awakening you mention is inevitable. I mean, the have nots see the haves and want what they have. But this whole let the market decide approach to everything has let strange attractors creat some very weird institutions. The success of American Idol was built on the principal of voting with your feet, or your wallet, as was NASCAR and World Wide Wrestling.
But the fact of the matter is: the current economic order, political order, world order, is unsustainable. It depended upon the presence of certain factors that are rapidly disappearing, among them the availability of water and cheap energy. Point in Case--at the time of the Ratification of the American Constitution, I could go West with a Gun, an Axe, and a Mule, and get by just fine. I could do it even during the Civil War. No longer. It used to be that small villages produced all the goods and services the community required, and imported goods returned in a saddlebag after a journey of many days.
This was a sustainable economy--and, if the world wanted, we could return to local production of food, goods and services on a small scale, with all the efficiencies the digital revolution provides--but economies of scale favor those with big Capital, and they won't let a locally oriented, right sized economy exist--they want WalMart everywhere. That is how they make the most profit. They are about profit--they are not about sustainability.
They want centralization. They don't want a distributed network of small manufacurers who import a minimum of raw materials and export nothing. And because they will not let this happen the whole system is destined to fail. BIG TIME. If you don't realize that yet you are living in a fools paradise. Civilization will collapse as sure as it did on Easter Island or in the Chaco Canyon. And there will be huge Human population collapses. We are literally detroying not only our own environment, but our own bodies as well.
Our blood is a soup of industrial by products--about which we have no understanding of their long term evolutionary and medical ramifications, because the Industrial revolution is only 150 years old, wheras we left Africa 2000 generations ago.
We WILL end up living like the indigenous people the Europeans met when they first came to this continent. Wild Weather and environment collapse, will start the unraveling, but it is simply a question of when, not if. It doesn't have to be that way--but I don't see people coming together to forge an alternative reality. I, personally, do not see it in the cards.
September 16, 2008 10:04 AM | Reply | Permalink
IN SECOND THOUGHT, WHY BE PESSIMISTIC. There is a way.
It is possible to explain to the public that relentless capitalism just won't work (just don't talk with such hard-to-swallow expressions as "relentless capitalism"), as proven. Monitoring the banking sector and financial sector is essential, for without a set of criteria and monitoring they will keep speculating in an irresponsible manner. It is not acceptable that an AAA bank that is considered the most reliable is speculating on people's savings to profits of 11%-15% yearly, when a reliable bank in Europe speculates to get a stable 5% yearly profit and less for its money holders.
This is the time for the American Specialization and Talent to create reliable, credible, accountable system of monitoring, in a realization that more of the same will destroy the America we know (and love.)
Taxation for transactions just won't do. Monitoring of a responsible way of investing people's money is crucial. The speculants will pay the tax and will keep on making Bad, arrogant and Greedy Banking. Who will fall, as always is the huge majority. Standards for reliable commerce CAN be learned from the Europeans. Some of the Neocons will have to get A little less rich.
Cooperation with world alternative commerce think tanks will be very helpful, so as with fresh realistic economists that I'm sure there are at home.
In addition,
The message can be transferred to the public, but it must stop to talk the Democratic family talk, the segregation talk which says its us the Democrats who have the more Enlightened world view, its us that are more progressive Etc. Obama and Biden must address all of America as the American community that is going to set order for irresponsible and Fatal conduct of the financial sector. They can be explained that their money should be and can be kept and handled with responsibility, just like in other States where regulation doesn't stop the healthy commerce but, makes it more stable and reliable.
SO, GO FOR IT OBAMA STAFFS. They will hear you.
September 16, 2008 10:03 AM | Reply | Permalink
The idea that risk balances returns is invalid since risk is always hidden by the seller, to the extent possible. Markets are never full-information; the seller is emphasizing some info and hiding other. Without a means a guaranteeing more dislosure, risk must be set higher. But when the payoff is large enough buyers will discount risk. Therefore payoff must be limited, so buyers consider risk more carefully.
If the seller is offering high returns on hidden high risk, taxes can reduce the appeal of unsound investment. Even though government regulators can't anticipate all innovations in finance, lower return rates on short-term investments will concentrate attention on the soundest ones.
September 16, 2008 10:35 AM | Reply | Permalink
Is a "Paradigm" 20 cents?
September 16, 2008 11:41 AM | Reply | Permalink
Yes, as a result of inflation.
"Buddy, can you paradigm?"
September 16, 2008 12:37 PM | Reply | Permalink
God, inflation IS a killer,
it used to be "Hey Buddy, can you spare a nickle?"
September 16, 2008 9:00 PM | Reply | Permalink
God, I envy you. What an informed, aware wit!
September 17, 2008 11:15 PM | Reply | Permalink