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Not the Marketing Model

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The political segregation of America has nothing to do with politics. This is the paradox of "the big sort" that has been so thoroughly, so convincingly and so unnervingly documented by Bill Bishop in his book The Big Sort. The political divide in our country is not, at root, a divide over politics or political issues. It is a divide over lifestyles.

As income, education and technology have grown, so have mobility and self-determination, particularly when it comes to where to live. Geographic roots no longer hold us fast in place; instead, we are freer than ever to decide for ourselves where to live. But we don't choose where to live because of politics. We make those decisions because of lifestyle preferences.

We settle down where we feel comfortable, where we like the people, the neighborhoods, the amenities, the schools, and the proximity to shopping, entertainment and work. We don't ask the realtor how the county voted. We ask ourselves whether the neighborhood feels right.

But what feels right has a strong connection with how votes are cast. Lifestyle preferences and political choices are intimately related. And lifestyle choices will make politics even more divided in the future.

Increasingly, we are sorting ourselves by our lifestyle preferences. This is most obvious online. Lifestyle communities are the essence of the Internet experience. People spend time online with things they like, things that feel right. And these sorts of "strong" ties - strong because of lifestyle affinities - take time and attention away from the kinds of "weak" ties that define community - weak in the sense defined years ago by Parker Palmer in the title of his book about community, The Company of Strangers.

But it's not just what people do on the Internet. This is also how marketers reach people nowadays - on the basis of intimate lifestyle preferences. Marketers spend millions to mine databases and discover what people like, buy and do already. These preferences determine what marketers offer and say. Thus, people get constant reinforcement from the marketplace to focus more on what they prefer already than to diversify their tastes, interests, connections and choices.

For decades, politicians have made use of the latest advances in marketing, advertising and research to curry favor with voters and thereby win elections. No surprise, then, that the Bush re-election campaign, as described in detail by Bishop, did the same in 2004. What they did was exploit the same sorts of lifestyle data used by marketers in the very same ways that marketers use these data. Politics no longer turns to marketing for help; politics has itself become nothing but another application of marketing science.

The lifestyle connections that define the American landscape today are not communities. They are based on strong lifestyle ties that do not easily accommodate compromise and cooperation. They are individually focused. People want what they want and expect to get it right away in a society that mirrors the personalized satisfaction of wants on which business thrives.

These trends in lifestyles and marketing are the dominant forces in American life today. By creating ever more focused communities of like-minded people - people who share lifestyle tastes - they are, at the same time, creating ever more isolated communities of people who all vote the same way.

The political segregation of America is rooted in the marketing model. Mind you, there is absolutely nothing wrong with marketing. It is my profession. But perhaps another model is better suited for government and community life. It's perfectly okay for marketing to flatter and service the narcissism of the individual buyer. Democracy, though, must be about more than that, and that's what's at risk from "the big sort."


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I'm not sure I'd equate people's desire for personal fulfillment with marketing. Indeed, marketing is often opposed to individual choice.

I'm not sure that if you encourage narcissism, short-sightedness in the marketplace that this can have zero affect on the person in the public square.

The idea political sorting is like going on a diet plan. Seems the number of diet plans expanded in the past 50 years like the big bang theory, only to contract again return to where they started. This is wasted mental energy folks. Its an ephemeral occurrence, a moving target. There is a mistake many scientist make, and that is assuming you can study one variable in a system and reach a conclusion about the whole. In fact, I'd venture to guess you haven't even thought of all the variables in the system you are examining. This makes for a failed experiment. I'd be skeptical of any results here.
Is sorting within a larger system something we should be concerned about? I doubt it.

A further thought, Mr. Smith seems to forget any basic human needs connected to political choices, or lifestyle choices for that matter. If you only look at certain variables, isolated communities appear based on the selected variables. You then are assuming the importance of these variables as opposed to variables you ignored in the study. Thus, you assume based on your selected variables, in this case political, that people are sorting because of these political choices.
I think there are other better models for studying the reasons why people don't want to deal with the opposition politically. And I don't think the nation stratifies quite so cleanly as predicted. There's a lot more to it than politics or marketing of ideas. I'm thinking of many layers of complexity.

And then there are the black box voting machines which can change these nature of results completely. Just a thought....

Totally agree with Walker Smith; it's "lifestyle preferences" that are sorting us out. I call them "Consumption Circles." The sorting is more about taste and, thanks to the incredibly powerful effects of marketing, consumer patterns than about politics. (Just read Frank Rich's "Greatest Story Ever Sold" this weekend, so Marketing and Politics is very much on my mind.)

My only quibble:

"... politics has itself become nothing but another application of marketing science"

Gotta disagree here because Mark Penn proved this wrong on HRC's campaign. Politics is still visceral and in your gut. The "unsortable" quality in politics is that it is about constantly defining who we are as Americans. Our politicians tell that story to us. I don't see that changing despite marketing's incredible powers.

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Speaking of 'life-styles' - the Liberal: tax-raising, latte-drinkiing, sushi-eating, Volvo-driving, NYTimes-reading, body-piercing, Hollywood-loving...all amounting to the Left-wing Freak Show.

Then there's place of origin - from California? You're weird.

Out 'there' and right 'here' in blog-land there's far too much resorting to ad hominem fallacy when arguing in opposition to someone else's argument. The ad hominem fallacy is a fallacy of irrelevance where a conclusion is suggested based solely on something (liberal, conservative...) or someone's origin rather than the argument's current meaning or context.

It would seem that the life-style one chooses is, in the end, he.

I didn't find anything definite to respond to in the comments. Sort of unfocused. Maybe I'll draw a response.

Let me begin by completely destroying every aspect of Mr. Walker Smith's post.
(As always, I will deconstruct Smith in the order of statements of his post. You have to refer back to his post to easily follow mine.)

1. It is trite to say that the Big Sort is just a mega-division into red state and blue state lifestyles. This position guarantees that everything Smith says will be conceptually trivial. As he will say: he's a marketer. For him, you are what you buy.

2. "Income, education and technology" have NOT "grown". We make less money than we used to, most of us, and marketers have gotten so much better at making us spend it on JUST THIS and THIS gadget or toy that our purchasing power seems almost hyperinflated - we rush to spend as if saving was impossible. Of course, there's a counter-cultural movement of immigrants and some others who for some odd reason insist on remaining relatively impervious to marketing.

As for education, the last 30 years have seen the rise of credentialism, in which degrees and credentials are handed out to many more people, but represent less and less in the way of actual knowledge.

There is more technology than there used to be, but there's a big argument about whether we have become wiser or more free because of it. (Before you snap-post, I am not saying that personal computers are bad. There is a lot more to technology than personal electronics.)

2. "mobility and self-determination" have NOT grown. The housing crisis and the fuel price rise are nailing people's feet to the ground, and it is just beginning. 2.5 million houses in the US stand empty, owned by foreclosing banks who apparently never imagined that they might have to dispose of these units.

3. We do NOT "settle down where we feel comfortable". Mostly, we RENT because we understand that the housing bottom is still years away, and buying now is like trying to catch a safe.

4. We don't settle down because a "neighborhood feels right". Jesus, once a writer of marketing copy, always a... We live in the nicest place we can afford, consistent with its apparent safety, first of all, and then based on its access to other locations we have to get to.

But something has happened; it's three a.m. in America. Just as we can no longer accurately determine the useful life or actual dollar worth of items we purchase in stores, we can no longer accurately determine the suitability, in many cases, of a house or apartment in a particular area based on criteria that USED TO work.

For example, a common model of housing choice involves the perceived safety of the suburbs. From their inception, sprawling suburbs were associated with white flight from urban blight. This perception lasted long enough to develop into the "gated community" model, complete with police patrols.

However, the housing crisis, the credit crunch, and the fuel price increase are a triple blow aimed at the suburbs. Suddenly, Stepford streets are losing residents to foreclosure. A lawn goes unmowed, and a For Sale sign stands in front for months and months... Little "Price Reduced!" panels are legion, but with gas at $4 a gallon, its no longer economical to drive into the City from here. As residents wither one by one, the local tax base of a "town" without any industry shrinks, reducing the number of police patrols and other services. Gradually suburbs appear to be almost as vulnerable to drugs and crime as urban areas; for some forms of crime, suburban developments are a growth area.

5. It has to be trivial at this point to say that politics has become almost indistinguishable from marketing. What is not trivial is that Walker Smith does not know what sets politics apart from marketing. (Maybe I'll explain if someone asks nicely.) His entire blathering post says nothing more than this: you have money to spend, and there are a whole helluva a lot of marketers out there trying to mine data, and whatnot, to figure out how to get you to spend your money on their products, etc., ad nauseam, ad infinitum. The funniest thing of all is the way he keeps talking about "strong" ties between people based on lifestyle choices - which themselves can be reduced to purchasing patterns! Ta-Da!

Listen to me, you bullet-headed Saxon mother's son, you tautology-blurting "satisfier of personal wants": the dominant force in America today is that money is getting damn tight and the really rich are heading overseas. What is going to happen is that your smarmy little service economy is going to keel over flat. Be sure and let me know just exactly what it is you market so I can sell your 12-step motivated ass short and profit from your business's death.

6. I'm going to do you a favor: I'm going to give you a free lesson in marketing a valuable service.

First of all, you identify a need: here's the last sentence of your post:

"Democracy, though, must be about more than that, and that's what's at risk from "the big sort."

OK, Walker, look: "at risk from" is wrong. It's just wrong. It makes you seem to continue a flaccid denial of the narcissism you normally seek to "satisfy" in the first part of the sentence, while doing a 180 in the second part. The answer is simple. Substitute "at stake in" for "at risk from".

"Democracy, though, must be about more than that, and that's what's at stake in "the big sort"."

See? That's actually what you meant to say.

Now, Walker, how much would you pay for a technology that actually corrects your very words and concepts? A technology that re-constructs your own aleatory thought process from remnants, and produces "sense". And with time, you can even understand the difference!

Now how much wouldja pay?

Oops, not enough. Guess you'll just have to find out how many people are out there trying to satisfy the personal wants of someone who has chosen the lifestyle, "I ain't got enough money."

Huh.

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