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The tragedy of Jesse Jackson

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One constantly overlooked fact about Jesse is that he--quite literally--made Barack Obama possible. People often say this in a really hazy, metaphorical way, pointing out that Jesse "paved the way" or "knocked down doors" for Barack. But those sort of weak homilies actually understate how much Jesse did for Barack.

After losing in 84 and 88, Jackson's people, Harold Ickes being principle, fought for proportional representation in all states:

Jackson, who made his first run for president in 1984, complained at the time that the rules had been "stacked" against him by organized labor and Democrats aligned with Kennedy and former vice president Walter Mondale. In the 1988 election, Jackson complained that in Pennsylvania, Illinois, New Jersey, and other states that awarded delegates on a winner-take-all basis within each congressional district, he had been deprived of his due share of delegates.

"We raised hell about the unfairness of the system that was in play," said Steve Cobble, Jackson's delegate director.

Dukakis eventually agreed to many of the changes Jackson wanted. Jackson's negotiators, Ron Brown and Harold Ickes, won an agreement to remove DNC members as superdelegates and mandated proportional representation as the only permissible method for states to apportion their delegates.

If you recall in the primaries, half of Barack's strategy was to keep it close in states like New Jersey and Pennsylvania, thus keeping Clinton from rolling up tons of delegates. It helped, of course, that Clinton's people basically ceded the caucuses allowing Barack to roll up huge leads in those states. Still, I don't think it's an exaggeration to say that had Jesse Jackson not fought for those rule changes, Barack wouldn't be the Democratic nominee. Young cats--myself included--need to remember that when we tee-off on the guy.

Of course that only makes Jesse's current predicament that much more tragic. Kevin Merida, one of my favorite journalists, has a pretty great piece on Jackson in the Post today. This is sort of Kevin's specialty--putting black political figures (Bill Cosby, Clarence Thomas etc.) into perspective for us mortals. The piece shows just how much distance Barack has put between him and Jesse:

While calling his relationship with Obama "quite close and very respectful," Jackson says in an interview that he has not been asked to campaign for Obama as a surrogate and has not been asked to campaign jointly with him. Asked if he would have a speaking part or any other formal role at the Democratic National Convention in August, as has been customary since the 1980s, Jackson says he does not know. He also says he does not know if he will play any formal role in the fall campaign, as he has in the past, traveling the country on behalf of the party and the ticket, registering voters and building turnout.

"I'm available to serve in any capacity that he defines that will help him," Jackson says.

The problem is that I don't even know what capacity that would be. It's tempting to go after Barack as an ingrate and say he's ducking Jesse out of fear of what white voters might think.I'm sure there's some truth to that--but that critique doesn't get to the core of things. The adjective "polarizing" is too often used for people like Hillary Clinton, and Jesse Jackson and overstates their power. George Bush was polarizing in 2004--he drew out Dems in high numbers to toss him, and he drew out Republicans in even higher numbers to keep him in. But Hillary Clinton, Al Sharpton and Jesse Jackson manage to rile the other side, while still remaining divisive figures among the very people they claim to represent. It's a media myth that women were Hillary Clinton's "base"--she won them, on average, by a measly six points. Sharpton, as I've said many times, lost the black vote to John Kerry and John Edwards in South Carolina. You can't be polarizing if you simply repel your enemies.

Ditto for Jesse. A lot of white people, evidently, hate him, while black people are generally split on him. That's not something that happened out of thin air. When you offer to pay for the education of the alleged Duke rape victim--whether she's guilty or innocent--one moment, and then support the Schiavo family the next, expect a lot of white people to hate you, and a lot of black people to be embarrassed by you. When you pick fights with Cedric the Entertainer, and Ice Cube because they made a joke about you, expect a lot of young black people to not take to kindly to you. So for Barack the question is this: If white voters hate Jesse and black voters are mixed about him, and I've already got black voters locked down, what's to be gained by having him campaign for me? Tough. But not wrong.


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The final question in your piece is a good one and the answer accurate. There's no reason Obama particularly "needs" Jesse Jackson to campaign for him. Certainly not as he has for so many white Demcrats who needed someone to excite the black community on their behalf. Clearly, this race is different.

Perhaps a role will emerge for JJ, but I doubt it makes much difference for him one way or the other. He's managed to get himself in trouble over a variety of things he has said through the years, but nothing will ever diminish the historic role he has played in our nation and our world.

Senator Obama has a special place in his campaign for Jesse Jackson (and Al Sharpton)!

I do not dispute the role that Jackson played in the evolution of the Democratic primary process. However, I disagree with your assertion that if not for these rule changes Obama would not be the nominee. This argument assumes that the Obama campaign would have implemented the same strategy under a different set of rules. I believe you need to give the Obama campaign and the candidate himself more credit.

I think that you are overlooking the essentially long-shot nature of the Obama candidacy. If Hillary hadn't voted for the Iraq war resolution, there would have been no political room for him to run. If Hillary had recognized her weakness on that issue and dealt with it, the same is true.

Obama's strategy of holding even in the big states and running up the total in the caucus states was essentially the only possible strategy he had that overcame her name recognition and fund raising ability. (Obama's ability to tap into the fund raising of the netroots was a surprise piece of lagniappe. Important after it demonstrated its effectiveness, but unlikely to have been critical to his decision to enter the primary against Hillary. Its effectiveness was not foreseeable at the time he was deciding to enter the primary.)

With winner-take-all primaries in the big states, Hillary would have wiped the floor with Obama. No strategy could have overcome her early lead and continuing strength in the big states. That explains the whining complaint that lingered after she was beaten that she was still the winner in the big states.

Remember also that And until Obama had demonstrated that he could go toe-to-toe with Hillary, even the majority of the Black vote was not his. He got that only after he proved that his long shot candidacy was workable.

That makes that proportional representation that Jesse Jackson caused become a critical stepping stone in what was in fact otherwise a very long shot (even impossible) decision to engage in the primary campaign this year. There was no substitute for that rule that would have permitted an alternative winning strategy.

Obama wasn't originally going to run this year. He only did so when he began to see a possible route to victory. That was the one that Hillary herself created with her Iraq War vote. Without the proportional representation rule, even that would not have been enough to bring him in this year because the Iraq vote could not have opened a big enough opening to be worth trying, and since Adlai Stephenson Democrats have not been very forgiving towards second tries for the Presidency. His alternative strategy would have been to forgo this year's primary and sit it out for several more years in the Senate before he tried for the Presidency.

While it was a masterfully strategy brilliantly deployed, the real core is was money. Without funding Obama still would not have been able to beat the Clinton money machine.

The reason there were so few challengers to Hillary from the Dem party is because they knew her and Bill had the big money donors sewed up and no one could envision another method of funding.

That is how Obama was a visionary. He shifted the money game to the little guy by holding massive rallys in venues for thousands, and thus those little donations via the power of the internet were of a magnitude never seen before.

Let's also not forget that just like Hillary is a lightening rod for the GOP, so too is she among the Democratic base...she had very high negatives within the party over 40% and Bill is not THAT well loved after his shenanigans.

So, Obama had the political sense to discern that there were thousands willing to send the Clintons packing in the party and in the general electorate. He simply needed a money route...and he found it.

Hillary has not ever tapped into Silicon Valley...folks who are use to investing in high risk companies and startups from innovative 'little guys' and that is what Obama represented as a politician he was just the sort to be funded by venture capitalists AND they were just the right guys to give him the hi-tech knowhow to wield the technology of the internet into a far more powerful fundraising machine than the Clintons EVER dreamed of.

Obama is a threat to the Democratic power base within his own party...Jesse Jackson and the Clintons are out to dethrone him by any means necessary...thus Jesse's nasty, lewd and crude remarks.

However, his son, represents the new generation and he not only rebuked his fathers remarks but he also has backed Obama from the jump. Jesse's problem is that he and Bill are being sent out to pasture and neither one of them know how to leave graciously, they thought they would be able to pass the torch and gain political leverage...but Obama being the Kenyan descendent he is has run a marathon the likes of which Bill nor Jesse have ever seen politically and they have no clue how to get in the game. Obama is not stopping and bowing to them, and especially not to someone like Clinton who disgraced the White House and Jesse Jackson who has disgraced his family as well with a 'babymomma' neither of them have ANY moral high ground with Obama.

Bill and Hill and Jesse are hasbeens...thank god..praise the Lord and hallejuiah.

It is Morning in America again.

I agree with every word of the piece. Jesse has done some good things in his past. But not without a hefty dose of self-adulation. Furthermore, in no way does his past accomplishments justify what he said about Barack Obama. Cut him some slack? He should get exactly what Hillary Clinton should get. An opportunity to sleep in the bed they made!

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Well to be fair, Obama and a lot of his supporters DID dump all over Jesse first. Their deft playing of the race card after SC involved claiming that comparing someone to Jesse Jackson could only be a racist insult. That claim necessarily degrades and insults Jackson.

Agree 100%.

Disagree! It was actually Bill C. that was doing that. The Obama campaign and the supporters that I know, never referred to Jesse personally, but rather to his campaign, which, at that time, really didn't have a chance.

The other question that people don't seem to ask is why Democrats continue to go on Faux Noise. Faux viewers are reliably Republican. Second, Faux is out to make Democrats look bad. Jackson is far from the only example on this.

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I seem to recall a burgeoning boycott of Fox that was broken by someone...Who was that?...

Jackson seems to have found himself in the role of a modern-day Moses: bringing his people to the promised land, but unable to enter it himself.

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Hey, a new Pew poll on related issues just came out. Seems like Jackson is very well regarded-- 68% of blacks polled say he's a good influence, 5 percent say bad. For Obama, the split is 76/2.

Good analogy, C of L.

Nice post. This concisely sums up how I feel about Jackson.

A very thoughtful post, Ta-Nehisi.

I'd say that the tragedy of Jackson is even more complicated that your already nuanced description makes it out to be.

Jesse Jackson represented the hopes not only of African Americans, but also the left wing of the Democratic Party, which had nominated a presidential candidate in 1972, but has basically been in the wilderness ever since.

In 1984, Jackson ran a truly radical, truly outsider campaign with essentially no chance of winning...kind of like Kucinich or Sharpton more recently. But Jackson did much better than either of them would do.

So in 1988, Jackson ran to win. He brought on board real Washington and Democratic Party insiders like Ron Brown and Harold Ickes. Yet he kept his left-wing credibility. To this day, I've never seen truly left-wing people as excited by a major party presidential candidate as friends of mine were by Jackson (I was actually a staffer for the national Dukakis campaign at the time).

When Jackson didn't win, many of these supporters hoped that Jackson would build an institutional power base for the party's left wing, perhaps via the Rainbow Coalition, which he had founded in 1984. But this never really happened.

Ultimately, the power base that Jackson built, as Ta-Nehisi correctly describes it, was distinctly personal. In addition to the important reforms in the primary process, Jackson got himself a seat at the table for two decades, a run that now seems to have ended.

This is certainly something of a personal tragedy for Jackson, whose star rose early (he was a close associate of Dr. King and was with him in Memphis when he was assasinated), burned brightly, and then slowly faded away.

But it is also a tragedy for the progressive, peace and social justice wing of the Democratic Party, whose leaders since Jackson have lacked his charisma and never built the extraordinary electoral coalition that Jackson forged in '88.

The triumph of a centrist African American Democrat in this year's primary race thus fulfills half of Jackson's promise, but the other half is as distant as it's ever been.

Agreed. And I wonder how much of the power of Jackson's '88 campaign came from his really taking Reagan, Reagonomics and the Cold War on. I've always felt that Bill Clinton followed up on the line Jackson developed against the Republicans more than he opened up his own line of attack. Reagan used the Cold War and military spending to break social programs. Jackson called him on it. I'm not sure how purposeful the invasion of Iraq was in its devastating consequences for the Progressive social agenda, but the consequences have been real enough. Will that become a cornerstone of Obama's campaign this Fall? I for one hope it will.

He apologized and if he meant it I accept it.

I looked at Jessie Jackson's biography beyond the Civil Rights movement and his runs for the Democratic nomination to see a person who actually knows each side of this issue on a personal, political and practical level.

He just used the wrong words at the wrong time and place and still Sen. Obama may benefit from it all.

As a post-civil rights African American, I don't want to lose the knowledge of the Civil Rights generation. They are going to say and do things that I don't like or understand but I have to give them room because I am asking for space for my generation to grow and adapt to the changing social, political and racial climate.

This a process of generational change that is sometimes painful but necessary.


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Brother Ta-Nehisi says, “Jesse—quite literally—made Barack Obama possible.”

This is, of course, unmitigated bullshit. For over forty years now, Jesse Jackson has revealed himself to be little more than a serial agitator, devoid of scruple and utterly reliant on the teat of grievance and entitlement for his very sustenance. The thought of his being credited with the emergence of Barack Obama is akin to the notion that Mussolini begat Eisenhower, or Bull Connor made Dr. King.

Since the photo op on that Memphis balcony back in ’68, to this very day, any pavement laid or doors knocked down by Jesse, have been acts of specious vandalism done in the service of Jesse, save none. Even the Rainbow Coalition, the most persuasive contrivance of his nefarious career, was little more than a shell corporation and façade designed to endow the Reverend with the false veneer of legitimacy and a vehicle with which to raise funds. With Jesse, as with Al, job one has always been first-class self-promotion achieved through controversy—legitimate or otherwise.

If his kvetching after the campaigns of ’84 & ’88 can be connected to any current event, it is not the Obama movement. The closest contemporary parallels to those circuses are to be found in the hubristic, ruthless Hillary ’08 debacle—right down to the parasitic presence of Mr. Kvetch himself, Harold Ickes, and the iconic black apparatchik of the Clinton machine, Ron Brown.

Nevertheless, Brother Ta-Nehisi finds it both tragic and somewhat mystifying that Jesse has not been asked to campaign with or be a surrogate for Obama. He still seems to hold out hope that the Reverend might be given a formal role at the DNC and in the fall campaign, and he gives voice to the notion that some might be tempted “to go after Barack as an ingrate and say he's ducking Jesse out of fear of what white voters might think.”

Brother, please.

When Jesse says that he’s, “available to serve in any capacity that will help him,” his disingenuousness is more risible than anything he’s done since on SNL. Jesse and Al and Tavis and the rest of those who would occupy the, ahem, Head "African-American" Chair in 21st Century culture need to understand that their time has passed, and that it has been time poorly spent.

To borrow from Eddie Murphy, there’s a new sheriff in town—and his name is Barack Obama: an African-American, who isn’t interested in recycling shame and rekindling animus.

Mr. Coates left unanswered the question: If white voters hate Jesse and black voters are mixed about him, and [Obama] already [has] black voters locked down, what's to be gained by having him campaign?

The answer? Not a damn thing—and thank God for that.

I wonder how many of your readers remember that "photo-op" in Memphis. One of the conveniences of the Obama candidacy is that liberals who missed out on the civil rights and anti-war movements can get both tickets punched at the same time by voting for Obama. Obama has evoked the civil rights movement time and again, and has been quick to exploit any remark by his opponent that could be considered disrespectful of the leaders of those movements, including Jesse Jackson. The danger in those days was real, not rhetorical.

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That's right billy, this moves liberal voters much more than the ongoing disaster of republican party misgovernance.

I think it did. Hillary Clinton was a clear alternative to "the ongoing disaster of republican party misgovernance." She did not prevail against Obama. We'll see if the general electorate's buttons can be pushed in the same way liberal Democrats' buttons were pushed in the primary. Right now, Obama and John McCain, a candidate bound to the most impeachable administration in American history, are essentially tied in public opinion polls.

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I observe with some surprise that no one questions the bona fides of this ostensible "slur" "uttered by a man who, if he knows anything else, knows the way to Hymietown...)

I don't rule out a sincere moment of "hot mike" distraction (I notice that Jesse had a descriptive phrase at the ready for his mea culpa), but I also don't rule out a set up sistah soljah moment by proxy.

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Not a chance. There's no upside for Jesse in clowning himself on FoxNews.

As for the ready mea culpa, two points: Jesse is many things, most of which blend virtuoso grandiloquence with minimal ethical constraint. He's always been extraordinarily nifty on his pins. Also, Fox gave him a heads up before airing the clip (a sort of collegial professional courtesy, if you will.)

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upside for Jesse in clowning

Maybe there was some upside for Barack...

Consider that Jesse has history around the "hot mike" thing. (reference, Hymietown...)

I submit to you that this sort of thing need not happen to you more than once in your life to make a lasting impression, with attendant modification of any tendencies towards inappropriately broadcast candor.

As someone who campaigned and caucused for Jackson in 1988, I don't think his comments are a big deal or that there is anything tragic about his career. Jackson went as far as he could go. This incident doesn't come at a time when his star is rising. Nothing tragic there. On the other hand, Obama may owe Jackson far more than proportional delegation. Jackson was with Obama the day Obama made his famous anti-war speech. I have not been able to find out who spoke first, what Jackson said that day if he spoke, or who brought Jackson and Obama together at an anti-war rally. I think the details will make for interesting history. As far as wanting to cut Obama's nuts off goes, I think the remark was prompted by the thought that Obama was pandering to white voters with his speeches to black churchgoers. But wanting to cut someone's nuts off is not the same thing as being able to. Does Jesse have what it takes to do that?

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What is so amazing about the Obama campaign is how people see exactly what they want to in everything he does. If you want to see a pander in every statement then damn it, the pander materializes right before your eyes. If you want to see deceit, why there it is. You want to see courage, well there it is. You want to see intelligence, well there it is.
Hopefully at TPM we can keep some perspective.

Probably a function of his lack of substance.

I'm positive Obama knows exactly how Jesse Jackson Sr. feels and why he said what he did. Two Chicago politicians? Ha! Jackson was probably blowing Obama a little kiss.

Only the corporate media and their sheltered white audiences care about Jackson's comments. I don't think Obama cares or that Jackson's career is over for one minute. That's the message Jesse was sending to Barack: a reminder not to forget about debts owed.

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Barack Obama is a Rorschach inkblot. People create him in their minds out of nothing or next to nothing. This is an amazing and rather frightening quality... he is impossible to locate or pin down.

This is all pretty funny. Barack Obama is 100% the ambitious opportunist that Jesse Jackson ever was.


Jesse Jackson is the name that Republicans put in their mailers when they want to raise big money. So many people can't abide him, that the checks come flying in at the mention of his name. That's a fact, not my opinion.

Jesse won't get Barack any votes at all and will lose some for Barack if he speaks at the convention, weaken support, and energize the opponent. So why the deuce is this such a scintillating question? If Jesse wants to be helpful that evening (as he says), he'll stay away. Couldn't be simpler. Make up some important reason, such as an overseas trip.

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One thing Jesse Jackson has got that Barack Obama hasn't is a genuine CV.... not just a "story".

Jackson is covered with scars that come from fighting the good fight, his strengths and his weaknesses have been exposed to the entire nation through a lifetime dedicated to public service.

Really, when all is said and done, exactly who is Barack Obama?

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Good heavens David!

How do you dare to ask a question about the annointed one that does not cast him and his story in a positive light? Do you not know this is not allowed by the Kool Aid drinkers guild who find it their mission and duty to admonish all those who might doubt his divinity? Above all it is forbidden to mention that he has no real accomplishments to speak of either professionally or legislatively. So please David, do keep silent.

"Really, when all is said and done, exactly who is Barack Obama?"

Really, David, who the fuck are you?

You've earned your McCain points for the day. Now shut up.

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