Speculation on social status in an age of networked participation

I'm going to open with something quite speculative. Since finishing Here Comes Everybody, which outlines many of the observations I'm comfortable making about social software, I've been left with the observations I'm not comfortable making -- things where I don't have a good enough sense of what's going on to say much with any certainty.
One of those observations concerns cultural vs. sub-cultural membership and satisfaction. There's an interesting argument between Henry Farrell and Will Wilkinson about various status games being played on the internet, and whether they are all ranked on one big social scale, or whether individuals can now choose to participate in only those status games that make them happy.
Wilkinson suggests that in an era of increased social lability, people can find something to participate in from which they derive satisfaction, thus lessening concern about "zero-sum positional conflict." In this view, the net can help free us from simple, up-or-down status questions.
Henry's reply is based on the idea that "[t]hese indefinitely proliferating dimensions of status competition are connected to each other in their own implicit meta-ranking, which is quite well understood by all involved."
Now I can see how either point of view can be true, but I can't see how either of them can be false.
Henry takes on Wilkinson's perspective, saying his "...claim implies, unless I misunderstand him badly, that it doesn't matter very much to me if I'm a despised cubicle rat who can't afford a nice car and gets sneered at by pretty girls, because when I go home and turn on my PC, I suddenly become a level 75 Night Elf Rogue who Kicks Serious Ass!"
Now this example is designed to be an absurd extreme, and Henry says as much, but even in its seemingly absurd form, I'm not on board with it. As I write this, Tiger Woods may be making some sort of golf history, burnishing further his already highly burnished reputation & c., and yet, given the choice, I'd much rather have dinner with the elf. I don't care about golf, but I do care about Warcraft, and someone with that degree of expertise is a big deal in my book.
One obvious objection is that I am simply a pallid, pencil-necked geek who doesn't understand the implicit meta-ranking of golf over WoW, but in fact, I am a pallid, pencil-necked geek who understands the implicit meta-ranking of golf over WoW perfectly well. The NY Times never puts serious Warcraft players on the front page of the sports section, much less the front page over all, so the general social importance of golf is hardly lost on me.
I simply don't care. That most of my fellow citizens prefer golf to WoW doesn't make me feel bad that I don't, which I take to be Wilkinson's point.
I think the difference between the Henry and Wilkinson is less a question of true or false, than a question of satisfaction vs. justice. I can imagine that however unjust it may be to be relegate to the status of a despised cubicle rat, it's gotta be worse to be a d.c.r. who doesn't kick ass at WoW. The question it leaves me with is this: if we have a way of increasing people's satisfaction with their activities in flexible social spaces, is that a net gain, because it increases satisfaction, or is it a net loss, because blissing out on our local social contexts lowers our sense of injustice, in a way that makes us less likely to fight against it?











Comments (21)
Before social software there was bowling.
June 16, 2008 9:08 PM | Reply | Permalink
A genuine, not sarcastic, question.
Why does this matter? Does it have broad or important implications?
Does it matter?
June 16, 2008 10:37 PM | Reply | Permalink
Well, consider this - - -
Poverty, especially poverty experienced during childhood development, is a risk factor for poor health in adulthood.
The etiology is generally ascribed to environmental and/or psychosocial stressors, the latter arising out of the changes in body chemistry (high levels of cortisol and norepinephrine) caused by insecurities arising from lack of adequate food, clothing, and housing and from residing in high crime neighborhoods. But suppose the more basic stressor were lack of social status.
Then, merely increasing income to a level which still left the ultimate stressor (status competition) in place would not solve the health problem. Something would have to be done to reduce the stress of status competition.
June 17, 2008 5:52 AM | Reply | Permalink
The fact that we are not actually vervet monkeys matters.
June 16, 2008 11:43 PM | Reply | Permalink
I wondered what that blue hat was all about.
June 17, 2008 1:18 AM | Reply | Permalink
Yeah, that's my monkey sac ... hardee har har ...
I guess if anyone had recognized my comment as a verbatim quote from the Wilkinson article that Shirky links to in his post here, it might have produced at least a weak chuckle. Or not. Lame attempt on my part, please mock me at will.
June 17, 2008 4:40 AM | Reply | Permalink
Ellen, that's the right question, I think. Assuming status ranking produces stress (a fair assumption, I think), to what degree can we and should we try to engineer society to reduce that stress?
I think Wilkinson's point is that multiple alternative status games is a way of doing that.
June 17, 2008 8:29 AM | Reply | Permalink
"Assuming status ranking produces stress (a fair assumption, I think), to what degree can we and should we try to engineer society to reduce that stress?"
Hi Clay. You might remember me from my early days overseeing the business of LiveJournal. Nice to see you here.
It seems to me that the idea of it being somehow important or vital to be at the top of some kind of "status ranking" overlooks the idea of specialization and cliques.
For instance, I know someone who is an excellent WoW player, who is a "restro druid"... one that specializes in healing. They are near the top of their server... but is that a huge accomplishment, or pretty manageable for them, considering that they're not competing against everyone.
Likewise, you can see similar specialization in other games which emphasize specific crafting skills or talents... on Lord of the Rings Online, for example, you could specialize in crafting dyes, scrolls, in making weapons, traps, rings, or even in playing instruments, and build up a reputation for it. Of course, you might find your efforts frustrated when it becomes an unprofitable venture to craft, or characters gradually become less interested crafting because of too much competition / lack of diversity / lack of competitiveness between crafted and non-crafted goods, etc. People invest a lot of time into these games, so when you change the rules on them, "nerf" their capabilities, or otherwise screw up the distinction of their identity, they take it very seriously.
But the point is, all these games offer numerous ways to specialize, and there are multiple servers, multiple guilds, etc. Being the best ___________ in a guild is plenty for most people to be quite happy, I suspect.
So, all these sub-categories and sub-communities help -- along with proper design -- to make it easier for people to find their unique niche. Indeed, one of the real problems I have seen with a few of these games is the lack of diversity and specialization that is possible. People *want* that... and I think games like Spore, for example, understand that. How do you be the best creature in a massively diverse environment?
So, which is better? Rock, paper, or scissors? The answer being.... "Which one do you identify with the most?"
All this reminds me of a scene from the old John Hughes '80s movie "Sixteen Candles"...
MR:
Well, that's pretty cool. Hey, but a lot can happen over a year. I mean, you could come back next fall as a completely normal person.
AMH:
Yeah?
MR:
Sure.
June 17, 2008 4:55 PM | Reply | Permalink
Clay: Just wanted to point out that, as solitary confinement in prison has shown, isolated people are far more likely to be stressed and have their health destroyed from not interacting/communing with other people. I think Robert Sapolsky mentions this kinda thing in his studies of baboons.
Sure, social hierarchies are stressful, but once a primate is an outcast, their cortisol levels go through the roof and their health deteriorates.
June 17, 2008 6:19 PM | Reply | Permalink
Two questions:
Assuming that we would want to try to engineer societal changes to reduce stress related to status based inequality, would the goal be to reduce the inequality, or to somehow make that inequality less stress inducing?
And, to partially address that question while asking the second, don't we have to be concerned that moving too far in the direction of sub-cultural focus might encourage some skewed valuations? Shirky may be showing strength of character and charming insouciance in his preference for the Night Elf over Tiger despite the New York Times, but could we say the same thing if he showed the same preferential ranking of the WOWer over microfinance majordomo Mohammad Yunus, Nobel Prize and good works notwithstanding?
June 17, 2008 10:22 AM | Reply | Permalink
I know nothing about WoW (and don't much care), but I DO KNOW (as a working psychologist) that have multiple roles -- multiple ways of measuring one's worth- inoculates against the harm of bad events to one's psyche. Being a good mom, a lousy worker, a fine knitter, and a good friend beats being just a good worker with nothing going elsewhere. Being a good at work helps one deal with a bad marriage and so forth.
If the net opens up niches --lots of different ones --for folks to succeed in, to have a multi-dimensional measure of self,
then great.
June 17, 2008 1:31 PM | Reply | Permalink
The fact that Tila Tequila and Grand Theft Auto exist is a corrosive thing brought about by online social networks. Gossip, scandal, and the lack of social boundaries (like this youtubing of "fire in the hole" soda tosses at fast food workers) is absolutely atrocious. We simply don't treat each other with much respect.
But when it comes to politics it's a plus. "Blissing out" on TPM or Kos is helpful for party unity, fund raising, and makes us more likely to "increase our sense of justice" and act on it locally.
At the end of the day, though, self-esteem is inextricably bound to being in groups of living, breathing people. No getting away from that.
June 17, 2008 4:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'd never heard of soda tosses before, fucking hilarious. Thanks for clueing me in Wade Hussein Blazingame34!
June 17, 2008 4:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
Come on now, MNPundit! Yourbetterthanthat! (Forgot to mention "bumfights." An absolutely vile use of the new media. Should be outlawed.)
June 17, 2008 6:15 PM | Reply | Permalink
Bum fights make me a bit queasy, but no I'm probably not better than that.
The only reason I support a ban on cock fighting (and dogs etc.) is because the practice helps encourage diseases among animals and disease transfer to humans. Solve that problem and you'd better believe I'd be attending and betting at cock fights.
June 18, 2008 1:39 PM | Reply | Permalink
We can't fight against being a DCR anyway so I say go with WoW. Or rather, one of the Asian MMOs because they have prettier art.
June 17, 2008 4:42 PM | Reply | Permalink
I hate to go all Maslov on a thesis as entertaining as this one, but isn't the effect of multiple ranking structures going to depend crucially on the rest of the social and economic surround? If Tiger Woods ever gets high blood pressure, he's unlikely to die from it unintentionally, for example, but the list of well-regarded bloggers who don't have consistent access to effective medical care seems to get longer and longer. And if the night elf's company downsizes, all that expertise and social capital isn't so likely to translate into lunch and dinner on a regular basis.
The stress-reducing value of multiple ranking systems isn't entirely trumped by such prosaic concerns as food, health and shelter (see starving artists everywhere), but I'd hate to bet the other way, at least in a society as uncohesive as ours. Because I would rather claw my eyes ought than have dinner with someone whose crowning achievement was become a level 75 night elf rogue, and they would likely rather do the same than have dinner with someone who still hangs out on usenet. (Another way of saying that, more in Ellen's terms, is that meta-ranking of status dimensions is going to tend to align with the external social and economic ranks of the participants, so that with the usual few exceptions being poor and lower-class is still going to be damn stressful.)
This discussion seems to me in many ways a
June 17, 2008 9:05 PM | Reply | Permalink
Hey good to see you here Clay.
I agree with you (and Wilkerson) that the proliferation of social opportunities on the net allows for more choices. I actually like golf, but I certainly prefer, say, reading Tim Wu to watching American Idol, which makes me a different kind of nerd. And I too don't care whether or not that makes me less meta-cool.
My question is whether I should care--whether we should be concerned about this disregard for Henry's meta-ranking. I swear I'm not a right-winger who cries wolf about creeping moral decreptitude, but we all know that social norms determine the stability of a society in the sense that they underlie our laws and our ideas of what a government needs to do.
We don't yet live in an age where people can just reasonably move to wherever they want (although the sea-standers want to give it a try). We're not in your floating head cyberutopia that you disavowed in the "Futures" speech. So with all that said, should we, as a society, be concerned that we, as individuals, are less interested in what society says is important?
June 17, 2008 11:01 PM | Reply | Permalink
I think virtual realities are over hyped. Many of our basic and necessary human functions and needs can never be virtual, like eating and breathing. These necessities and so on are also the neurogenesis of our essential nature. In our ancestral environment, which we are the product of, food gathering led to cooperation, kinship, and social structures and other derivative activities that have become "who we are". Certainly some of these elements can improvised and even replaced with virtual environments, but I think we'll hit a brick wall sooner or later. Already we see some "pathological" results of internet usage such as addictions, I'd say mood and learning disorders too.
It is accepted scientific fact that our brains have a high degree of plasticity, and when we jump from one stimulus to another on the web, we are employing new strategies of learning that encourage new neuro-circuitry which accommodates the new regime. This is really adaptive to an extent, and that extent or brick wall is when it conflicts with hard realities that will always be there. One way around this might be to hybridize the species with cybernetic components. This would probably come from military industrial R&D, to application, then handed off to a shell or allied production unit for mass consumption. My guess is that it would fall best into the purview of telecommunication producing entities as the early application might be reliant on wireless I/O interfaces.
June 18, 2008 1:48 AM | Reply | Permalink
Seems that most of the comments above are still debating whether social software does increase satisfaction--which, granted, is yet to be proven. But if you take it as a premise that it does, then I think the next step is to find out what does make people fight against injustice. And, moreover, win.
It might be the case that self-satisfaction is a necessary condition for being an effective activist.
June 18, 2008 10:56 PM | Reply | Permalink
"It might be the case that self-satisfaction is a necessary condition for being an effective activist."
Not among the activists I've known. But really there are a couple of related questions here -- first, whether increasing satisfaction in some local social context increases satisfaction overall, and second the if so, good or bad.
One obvious answer is that the online stuff is just a more interactive version of bread and circuses, with meaningless "achievements" that are on a par with the satisfaction of rooting for your favorite sports team or self-involved reality-show contestant. There is, however, the slim possibility that the illusion of real achievement could foster the kinds of attitudes (whether self-satisfied or not) that translate to useful action when the illusion is exposed.
Will an Rogue Elf be any more effective at dealing with a rogue insurance company than someone who knows they're just a cubicle rat?
June 19, 2008 10:22 PM | Reply | Permalink