Labor's Generation Gap
The primary season is showing both the strength and weakness of organized labor. In states like Ohio where traditional labor issues like trade loom large (as they will in Pennsylvania), Hillary Clinton has done well too. But this says as much about where the labor movement is today as it does about where the two candidates are.
The labor gap is part of today's generation gap in the trade union movement. The amazing energy that has been generated especially by young voters for Obama has to be harnessed by Labor to make certain that any progressive movement takes hold. That means that workplace issues--and there is a long list: right to organize , job security, pensions, health care, job-work balance, income inequality,--all of these need to be as important to young voters as cleaning up the environment, ending global warming and freedom on social issues.
In an earlier era, the labor movement played a critical behind the scenes role for fueling a progressive movement.
It's no accident that the formulating document for the New Left, the Port Huron Statement, was named as such. Few people today probably even realize that Port Huron was named for a UAW (United Autoworkers) retreat camp which is where that statement was penned. The SDS youth retreat was held at the Autoworkers' retreat center through the intervention of Millie Jeffrey, a legendary labor leader who also understood the importance of melding labor and youth into a broader progressive movement (and Millie's daughter was a leader of SDS, too), and along with other leaders in the Autoworkers, she encouraged the youth movement even when they didn't agree with the trade unionists on every issue.
No matter who wins the Democratic primary, it is critical that the youth energy that is genuine and exciting not dissipate. It needs to be transformative. One way to do that is for labor and youth to come together. Today, that means labor reaching out to popular culture. It means learning how to expand the pallet of issues to include the new economy as well as the old. NAFTA is key for hundreds of thousands of workers who have lost their jobs, but for labor to grow and for a progressive movement to take hold, the new economy is as important.















I agree with you that organized labor should expand its pallet of issues. But it should do so in a thoughtful way. Specifically, it can't continue to be merely a proxy of the Democratic Party, or it will automatically turn away at least half of the potential workers out there simply because the politics don't match. Improving worker's conditions and rights shouldn't be about who you voted for in the presidential election, it's much more of a local concern.
March 8, 2008 12:48 PM | Reply | Permalink
As it always goes, when organized labor does something to appeal to younger voters, i.e. when it is relevant to their life, it will expand. But what's it doing?
March 8, 2008 4:24 PM | Reply | Permalink
I agree combine both powerfull sources of energy , Youth and Labour( me and old) just 39, and perhaps we could bring back some good work for everybody. Did someone say rebuild our crumbling infastructure? Rumour has it that my parents hero FDR was pretty good. We could use that now to help the hosing and credit crunch and save our economy from the right wing madmen that just destroyed it. Sorry for changing the subject. I just got carried away.
March 8, 2008 9:00 PM | Reply | Permalink
When it comes to the generation who came to full political awareness during the Clinton administration, I think a lot of the individuals who are most likely to be supportive of labor are also the most likely to be skeptical of the Democrats being of any use to the labor movement.
Speaking as someone involved in the anti-globalization movement of the late 90s, I can tell you that at the time there were a whole lot of people in their teens and twenties who were sympathetic to labor but had zero interest in the Democratic party. Globalization and the repeated snubbing of labor by the Democrats were key factors leading many to support Nader in 2000. Dean's movement was able to bring many of us into the fold. I have no idea how many will stick around if Hillary is the Democratic nominee. I suspect a lot will go back to the socialist groups.
March 8, 2008 9:27 PM | Reply | Permalink
The problem is that the type of young that support Obama. Young people in college will never need a unions. Unions generally help people who aren't college educated.
March 9, 2008 4:28 AM | Reply | Permalink
Obama's supporters aren't just professionals. Yes, he leads Hillary with professionals, but he about breaks even with her on labor. Obama also has as many big union endorsements.
Traditionaly yes. But actually there's a great need for political action to represent professionals in white collar work.
The problem is traditional labor unions don't really have a model whihc addresses thier needs, and white collar professionals don't have a tradition of organizing. The upshot is professional jobs like computer programming, accounting, and so on keep going over seas and have little bargaining power. Many office workers are now regularly putting in 60/hr weeks and afraid to complain.
Unions historically are almost exclusively blue collar and their funding relied on union dues. They have a lot of overhead for direct involvement between the worker and employer. That model depends standardized industries, from factories to trucking to sanitary work.
It's harder to apply a standardized model to professional work. Without that framework there's no purpose to a lot of union overhead and dues.
For traditional Unions to be more relevant to professional labor they must be more like "MoveOn" or the "Sierra Club" or such advocacy organizations promoting legislation on issues that effect working people. Everything from healthcare to trade. While operating at a much lower overhead and relying on membership and donations.
From that perspective, professionals are already forming labor advocacy groups through political advocacy. If they're able to partner with unions it's a very powerful coalition, but that hasn't happened enough, unfortunately. It really should. Both sides need to realize that and start reaching out.
Ultimately all working people are in the same swamped economic boat.
March 9, 2008 7:23 AM | Reply | Permalink
I think there is great potential for recruiting the young Obama voters—and Edwards voters—to work in the new, reinvigorated union movement. UNITE HERE and SEIU have endorsed Obama, and Obama is the only remaining candidate who can talk with credibility about resisting the influence of corporations. After years of living with the Bush administration, there is a growing recognition of the destructive role of corporations and their lobbyists in our lives and of the gross imbalance between the interests of shareholders and those of workers. Once the campaign is over, there will be a wonderful opportunity to bring many talented young people into an exciting new labor movement. However, the challenge for unions will be to keep it exciting, to communicate some of the Yes We Can! optimism to its members and potential Obama allies.
March 9, 2008 8:14 AM | Reply | Permalink
Yes, there is, it seems to me, an opportunity for the young, and not-as-young new(!), people coming in on account of Obama and the labor movement to join forces and help advance a progressive agenda for our times.
In response to chemjeff, I disagree that labor is "merely a proxy of the Democratic Party". Many national-level Republicans quite simply are hostile to unions even existing. Some Democrats are hostile or indifferent as well. Almost all of those who are committed to supporting a voice for working people are Democrats, though. That is just the reality. I think if you were to ask most union people if they would prefer it to be that way, or would they rather have both parties receptive to, and competing for the support of, unions, most would say the latter.
I don't know whether an Obama Administration would, for example, be at pains to appoint people to the National Labor Relations Board who will begin to undo some of the damage done by Republican anti-labor Boards in recent decades. I don't see that happening under a McCain Administration, nor under the Administration of any Republican who can get elected president. The Republican business groups would gang up on and destroy any would-be nominee who intimated that maybe unions aren't all bad after all and play a valuable role.
The practical reality is that trying to organize a workplace is extremely risky to one's job given current labor laws. The penalties for employers firing such "troublemakers" are ludicrously light and are accepted by many businesses, some coached by the cottage industry of union-busting consulting firms, as a cost of doing business.
So long as this is the case it is going to be very difficult to increase by much the 8-10% of the private workforce that is organized. The entire workforce doesn't have to be organized to make a huge difference. The US has never had close to half its workforce as union members. When the percentage was in the 30s it made a huge difference for all workers, unionized and non-unionized.
This is no call for "workers of the world" to rule the world. But right now the voices of working people rarely are even represented at tables, corporate or government, where major economic decisions are made. Not surprisingly, given this to be the case, we have seen enormous increases in income and wealth inequality, and in economic insecurity, over the past 3+ decades (see Jacob Hacker's The Great Risk Shift for the latter), corresponding with poor fortunes for the labor movement.
Unionists face difficult judgment calls about where to put their energies given limited resources--in fighting for direct benefits solely for their members or in making direct appeals to non-union members with the hope of generating increases in membership via that route, as just one example. There is a good deal of intellectual energy among unionists, just a shortage of resources to try or implement many of the ideas that are out there about how best to grow the movement.
Unions could, I believe, play a powerful role in helping us get, most likely incrementally, to a single-payer system of health insurance nationally, which is part of the common sense response to economic globalization. They also could--and I hope will--become powerful advocates for an economic security/economic opportunity agenda of the sort Hacker lays out in his book. This is the agenda I had hoped Edwards would articulate forcefully and come to be identified with, affecting as it does all but the very, very top of the income/wealth distribution. (Instead, whether he wanted to or not, he came to be associated with an antipoverty agenda with far more limited appeal to voters.) These are the kinds of workplace concerns that deeply, and increasingly, affect more and more workers and families. And this is where I see the best potential for getting the attention of many workers and families who have never thought of joining a union as a way to promote their economic security.
It has to start with labor law reform, though, I believe. Even though the right to freedom of association, which includes the right to organize (form unions), is widely recognized by countries around the world, the US is one of the very few OECD countries not to have ratified either of the international agreements, Conventions 87 and 98 which express a commitment to respect and protect that human right.
Even Ronald Reagan was able to love a unionist--Polish Solidarity's Lech Walesa. But only when it suited his foreign policy purposes. As it is, Reagan is far more revered by movement conservatives for his firing of air traffic control employees early in his first term. That hatred of unions by most conservatives is just as strong today as it was then. There used to be moderate-to-liberal Republicans who understood that unions were an essential counterweight to otherwise largely unbridled corporate power. There are hardly any left at the national level, however.
So, to the Obama people, I say, hopefully: consider the union movement as a place to devote long-term energy to really make a difference, regardless of how this campaign turns out. Unions: Not a new idea, just a good one. It should also be said that securing a voice for working people and their families in societal decisions may take new forms, or look different, in this era--there is a good deal that has been written on that as well. Some of you Obama people are going to make unions cool in the eyes of a much broader swath of the American public.
March 9, 2008 9:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
Didn't youth leave the labor movement behind, and not the other way around? So shouldn't we be urging young people to look to labor, not labor to look to the young?
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The Port Huron statement marked the end of the old left, not the beginning of the new, with its multiculturalism, identity politics, rainbow this-and-that and globalization.
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If you want to unite the left, the movement is going to have to be in the other direction. I'm no great fan of unions. I've never worked under one, but of the people I've known who have, all but one have had nothing but negative things to say about them.
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Nonetheless, I think unions are necessary--just as much for those of us who don't have access to them as those who are members. Politically, they're spot on. It's up to the rest of liberaldom--or the progressive movement or whatever we're supposed to call ourselves these days--to move toward labor.
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One help would be for the Dems--the next time they have the White House and Congress--to make damned sure to pass legislation right away to make it dead simple for labor to organize. Somehow, that never seems to get done.
March 9, 2008 5:00 PM | Reply | Permalink