Organ Donations, Ad Hominem Attacks
When I recently laid out a communitarian approach to increase organ donations by drawing on new moral appeals, I was subject to a barrage of ad hominem attacks.
Under most conditions I would shrug my shoulders and move on. I have been in public life for many years and have seen people savaged quite regularly. I guess it is a price you pay for not sticking to footnoting in the stacks. However in this case this mode of communication concerns two matters that one should not allow to go by the wayside: first of all, the barrage of personal attacks distracts attention from the issue that should be studied. Namely how to increase organ donations best?
I am sorry to see that Mr. Drezner finds this issue a source of “amusement.” Thousands of people die each year needlessly and many more suffered a great deal, because not enough organs are donated, and because the market has been allowed to intrude into the ways they are allocated. (For instance there is a shortage of donated skin for burn victims because skin is sold to plastic surgeons who pay a high fee to use it to make the hyper rich look younger). One person’s donations can improve the life of twenty others, if on death organs are made available. Also I can not give much higher kudos than the one I reserve for the like Virginia Postrel who donated an organ (in her case, one of her kidneys), while still among us.
I find it childish to engage in the kind of debate that is based on I-said, you-said, I-said, and so on. However in the case at hand, the distortions used to reframe the arguments in favor of moral suasion are particularly revealing. I wrote that when people are in doctors’ offices they should be given a flyer that would tell them how much the community would appreciate their gift of life and ask them to sign a release form. I pointed out that there is no reason for even libertarians to oppose such appeals because they leave the decision to the agent. In other words:
This [market based] approach has been criticized on the grounds that any such moves will lead toward an organ market and commodify one more social relation. For many people, an organ market offends their religious and personal beliefs in the sanctity of the body. Many claim that financial incentives for organ donation would change an act of altruism into an act of commerce. Others have expressed concern that a commodification approach could backfire and turn people away from organ donation. Given the various concerns about “market-based” approaches to organ donation, we, as a society, should first try an approach that does not involve commodification of organs and hence does not risk the public costs that commodification entails. I concede that if noncommercial approaches continue to fail, some form of financial incentives might be justified in order to save lives and reap the other benefits of increased organ supplies. However, before such steps are taken – the cultural and moral effects which will be very difficult to reverse – I urge that a communitarian approach be accorded a full test.
Here is what Mr. Drezner made out of my point:
Drezner: See where I just want to see Amitai Etzioni in every doctor’s office shaking people by the lapels. But I want that to see if that actually works. As purely for my own amusement value. Postrel: You know, it’s hard to get people to go to doctor now, that would only discourage them further. Drezner: And that’s how we can do it. You can have television ads that say you have to go to the doctor’s office or Amitai Etzioni will show up at your front door and urge you to donate your organs.
Second, the question arises why this sound and fury? Why not engage in a civil dialogue on an issue reasonable people can differ, the way Professor Healy did for instance has dealt with the questions at hand?
Sadly I fear that we here face the business model of blogging. Some bloggers sell stuff, anything from diapers to baseball cards to soft porn (in Drezner’s case). In order to make money they have to bring buyers to their sites. And those bloggers that succeed in kicking up a fuss, seem to draw a much larger crowd than the reasoned ones, that is make much more money. Is there some other way to finance blogging? Do we need a NPR and PBS for blogging, to ensure civil dialogue?
(Crosspost with Amitai Etzioni Notes)















Drezner's blog is proof positive that bloggers should be read, not seen. The approach of having webcams is dreadful experiment in blogging that failed. Even Josh Marshal tried it, and I think with terrible results. He wasn't particularly interesting to watch because earnest sincerity really doesn't play on video - he was also super close to the screeen which made me want to keep rearing back away from him. The bar is so much higher for video production where you don't expect to hear the echo of the room, let alone average to below average looking people who clearly lack basic knowledge of the conventions people expect of TV. "Um...OK...like were totally here to...discuss the bicoastal...like culture."
Hyper lame. Only they and their mothers could stand to watch it.
March 7, 2007 3:43 PM | Reply | Permalink
Amitai, I can understand how you feel and I am sorry that you have been abused by the commentators. On the other hand, I have to welcome you to America.
Children in this country do not learn about respect and speak and act with little consideration for others. As they grow up, they can say whatever they want and they are protected by the first amendment and they are not afraid of retribution or retaliation. They can do whatever they want until they are caught by the law, i.e., if their act is found to be in breach of the law. This is uniquely an American culture and they are propagated by the TV, radio, newspaper and the internet.
In many countries, whenever an expert speaks, the rest of the country listens. In this country, everybody has an opinion even a child has an opinion, even they do not know what they are talking about, they are still entitled to an opinion.
Dr Hans Blix, the former UN Chief weapon inspector, is a man of integrity. He was forced out of the office by the Americans in the white house in 2003. This was because Dr Blix refused to support the existence of WMD in Iraq and he was bullied by a bunch of “highly educated” and powerful officials in the white house. Dr Blix was standing in the way of the war profiteers and the oil companies and he was “assassinated” by the white house officials.
So I can understand how you feel when you said “the barrage of personal attacks”. America has a culture of bullying, intimidating and torturing and the Americans called it amusement.
March 7, 2007 6:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
The "politics of personal destruction" produces 120,000 hits on Google-- whatever that may mean.
March 7, 2007 6:58 PM | Reply | Permalink
No offensive but isn't your comment a personal attack.
You are right but did you have to bring his mama into it.
Best to you
March 7, 2007 7:17 PM | Reply | Permalink
Civil dialogue within the blogosphere has to be the only dialogue you allow your eyes to read. I avoid many forums due to attacks on people I don't even like. We all have been guility of slowing down and rubbernecking an accident scene at one time in our life and we do the same to uncivil discourse.
Shield your eyes and opt not to join in.
www.taureandevi.blogspot.com
March 7, 2007 7:21 PM | Reply | Permalink
I just had to reword just one of your sentences Mr. Smith.
"Children in this country do not learn about respect and speak and act with little consideration for others."
There are parents in this country that do not teach children about respect and speak and act with little consideration for others. Though in today's U.S. respect is becoming a thing of the past that is no reason to shake our heads and resolve to accept it.
The next time you see disrespect personally call it out, politely.
www.taureandevi.blogspot.com
March 7, 2007 7:30 PM | Reply | Permalink
Professor Etzioni, I agree with you on the organ donor issue (and many others) but I fear that you're suffering from a lack of sense of humor in this post.
Your opponents, as you quoted them here, are just satirizing you. What's wrong with that?
A lot of times, I fear that a call for "civil" dialogue is just a call for no humor. Satire has an important place in any argument.
thosethingswesay.blogspot.com
March 7, 2007 8:32 PM | Reply | Permalink
Thank you for your comments. Some parents do teach their children about respect but once children are exposed to the real world, these kids just give in to the peer pressure and become disrespectful. Respect is a thing of the past, at least in America. You can still find respect in many poor and developing countries. By the way, public schools do not teach respect and moral values, they leave it to the parents who, more often than not, have to make ends meet all the time and there is little time left to teach anything to their own children.
March 7, 2007 8:44 PM | Reply | Permalink
Dr. Etzioni,
Organ donation is a very uncomfortable topic for many people. When confronted by their own inability to deal with an intimate subject such as that, people behave as awkwardly as they feel.
You can't take their shortcomings personally.
Just as the exchange of blood (especially between races) was a taboo for many years till the absolute necessity of transfused blood created the educational structures that elevated the practice to the "gift of life", so to will the honest debate change the comfort level over time.
My points on the market force still stand. There is still a major hurdle that has no easy fix no matter what the supply- the installation and maintenance of those parts is still out of reach of most that need them. Only when the insurance is available can the notion of a wider, more universal market be approached.
Alphonse ( Al ) Kada
Iranians are fighting the Americans in Iraq so they don't have to fight them on the streets of Tehran
March 7, 2007 10:03 PM | Reply | Permalink
Going back to the subject of moral vs market in organ donations for a moment. As someone with 10 years in funeral service and thousands of bodies and families later, I have a different perspective.
First of all, at least in Florida, the organ donation card is basically ignored at death, especially an accidental or unexpected one. And it stays ignored because the doctors and the funeral directors don't ask the family at the time. It may be remembered when the family comes to the funeral home to make arrangements, but by then the body is either embalmed or refrigerated.
My only experience in asking for donations is with eyes, but the success rate was astounding, maybe about 75%. Looking back, I don't think the families that agreed did so on a moral basis, though. It seems like most of them equated the opportunity to donate as a way of making the death "count" in a positive way, if that makes any sense to you.
From these experiences, I wonder if Prof. Etzioni is targeting the wrong audience as a beginning. It would be interesting to research how many hospitals can actually harvest organs 24/7 and if there is a procedure for procuring even those that have already signed up for donations through the DMV or other places. (Forget about doctors doing the latter, death is not a subject they like to spend a lot of time on.)
However, like specially designated trauma hospitals that cover a regional area, what if organ donations had the same type of availability and coverage, along with trained personnel to assess the potential donor's capabilities and consult with the families at every hospital?
Because most hospitals are understaffed and underfunded, the community involvement would come in the form of funding, at the least. Whether through bonds or tax increases, clergy, educators and local leaders would need to be on the bandwagon. Just as trauma units are a point of pride in many cities, 'organ centers' can have the same prestige, with the right people on board. And once a community has voted to fund such centers, certainly the number of donations would go up accordingly.
Anyway, that is my 2 cents on keeping organs out of the market and the market people out of what should be civil discussions, but usually aren't.
War does not determine who is right - only who is left. Bertrand Russell
March 7, 2007 10:30 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'm going to go with growing people extra organs in vats. Take some cells, grow the organ, genetically modify it to remove any defects.
Boom.
Alternately black market organ farming.
March 7, 2007 11:01 PM | Reply | Permalink
I think that an America whos government shows disdain for a national healthcare system can only show more disdain for some sort of Organ Donor program. I'm all for the body being up-for-grabs after death. I firmly believe that the soul is seperate from the flesh and if there are people suffering and my dead body can help them, go for it!
The horrible truth about our American moral heritage, is that the Christianity that we have adopted in our "American Moral Base" is rooted in guilt and hate. We use the name of God to destroy everything we love and to hurt anyone we feel even remotly uncomfortable about. It is a terrible blasphemous shame and one that we as a people have to live with until we can actually find love for each other and mean it.
March 8, 2007 1:12 AM | Reply | Permalink
I don't believe this to be the case. I can count on one hand the number of rude and disrespectful children I've known in my lifetime and the vast majority of children are good kids. That some children in any culture are rude and disrespectful at one time or another is certainly true, but everyone is rude and disrespectful at times. In traveling overseas I've found that some people in all cultures are rude and disrespectful while the majority of people are very nice.
I think it's possible to criticize some people without painting the entire culture as inferior or bad or meanspirited. That Dan Drezner acts like a jerk is Dan Drezner's fault and not the culture he lives in.
March 8, 2007 7:06 AM | Reply | Permalink
hmmm....well yes if you're talking about what you're talking about...but if you're talking about what Prof. Etzioni is talking about, I would point out that jerks can now create little walled off sub-cultures to live in where their jerkiness is encouraged, lauded and imitated by an adoring fan base, and their writings get more "hits" the jerkier they get.
For example, I have never come away from reading the comments at Atrios without being reminded of a very juvenile frat house enthralled with their dear leader and seeking to protect him. Firedoglake is another example of a clubhouse where everyone reinforces a certain type of behavior until the point where the leaders get the mistaken impression that they have the whole world figured out and know exactly what it wants, until they are shocked by the outside world reception of a photoshopped image that all their fans would think neat and cool and funny, and in the end shocked by the reception of the candidate they thought was a slam-dunk. Though it's just hearsay because I never paid much attention then, I have seen more than a few say that Deaniacs were famously rude....
March 8, 2007 8:44 AM | Reply | Permalink
but Ellen, don't you prefer the less crude, more sophisticated version of yore? :-)
March 8, 2007 8:46 AM | Reply | Permalink
I fear that if the blogosphere doesn't tire of this type of humor soon (juvenile frat-house-quality humor, only a noch or two above fart jokes) it is going to go the way of TV news--anyone with any education level at all is going to give up on it. Old Saturday Night Live shows are still rerun to an audience, while the google bomb "George Bush miserable failure," lost its ability to induce yuks a long time ago. The whole sub-culture is growing quite tiresome, hence people coming to TPMCafe and saying basically "now this is nice, many people here seem to actually act like sophisticated grown-ups."
March 8, 2007 8:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
I'd normally find Professor Etzioni's post merely self-involved, since it's less about articulating a position on organ donation and economics than about slights of which I (and, I imagine, others here) are blissfully unaware. But interesting his point about consistency when it comes to voluntary acts. I'm used to thinking that free-market types laud private charity, as opposed to government handouts.
Make me wish Stirling N. were back. I recall expressing puzzlement that free-market ideology often comes with a strong authoritarian streak in enforcing or creating the laws surrounding a realm of private choice, much as Hobbes's individualism led to support for kings. (This goes with the sometimes fragile GOP coalition of apparent opposites in the business community and the religious heartland.) I attributed it to a kind of Hegelian logic, by which flawed dogmas lead to their polar opposite. He was able to find a consistent position with which to argue. It'd be interesting to explore that and the free-market model more here, too.
John
http://www.haberarts.com/
March 8, 2007 8:59 AM | Reply | Permalink
Amen. Also one of my favorite rants, stated so much more precisely than I usually do. I am addicted to the potential of the medium, but to keep coming back in the face of a lot of what I see requires continual blinders and an almost unreasonable faith that things will change. If all people like you give up on it, it's sure to go the way of cable TV news. Please don't give up on the medium changing, you'll doom us all to a world of liberal Anne Coulter's and we'll have to go back to discussing those big ideas in our own heads.
P.S. I raised the advertising issue on this site back in Dec. 2005, here: Et tu, successful blogs? and some of the commenters seem almost naively clueless about what I was talking about. I don't think that would be the case today, so maybe some progress is being made? Really what you end up running into here when you talk about this is the elite v. populist thing, and it is nothing new. Satire about NPR or PBS being a bunch of sissies offering boring tea party news and entertainment has been around a long time. Likewise, if you raise the issue of making some kind of rules about civility on a political internet forum, you get those who argue that "politics is not a tea party." How long will it take for the blogosphere to realize that the lovers of professional wrestling and lovers of sophisticated intellectual discourse (including humor above the fart joke level) are too totally different markets that conflict? There's a lot of money in advertising to elite sub-markets, so advertising per se is not the problem.
March 8, 2007 9:15 AM | Reply | Permalink
Actually, I was responding to John Smith's comments about American culture and American children.
As for Etzioni's comments about Drezner, I don't know anything about either of these men or their styles of writing.
What I find objectionable on the right and the left is the misrepresentation, the exaggeration and the downright lying about what others have said and/or done. In this case, Drezner deliberately exaggerated Etzioni's comment that doctors' visits should include a form asking patients to donate organs. Drezner made Etzioni look like a fool when he suggested that Etzioni called for door to door lapel shaking and patient coercion, when Etzioni said no such thing. I don't see that though, as any different than what Maureen Dowd did to Gore in the New York Times, or M.J. Rosenberg does at TPM Cafe to Sen. Clinton. What we need to do as readers is to continually call these writers out when they do this. I don't care what "side" a writer/reporter is on, the lying and exaggerating has to stop.
March 8, 2007 9:51 AM | Reply | Permalink
oh I totally agree
but the problem is that if you do something like this
on a clubby blog like Atrios or Firedoglake, chances are high (unless you are exceptionally skillful & willing to be devious & put in a lot of time,) you will be labeled a troll and be attacked & chased by a snarling pack of fans devoted to protecting their turf and supporting their alpha.
The only way to challenge this blog culture thing successfully is for the person attacked to respond in a post on his own ground, like Prof. Etzioni felt compelled to do. But like he implies by stating :I find it childish to engage in the kind of debate that is based on I-said, you-said, I-said, and so on." this is not a pleasant or useful way to spend one's time.
The insult culture, the ad hominen thing, the politics of personal destruction, it's a game, a childish game. What's so destructive about is that it's addictive and contagious and you can easily find yourself entwined in it, spending time on it, and not attending to real issues. If a section of the blogosphere is ever to advance over shock talk radio, it's got to marginalize those who do it.
March 8, 2007 10:28 AM | Reply | Permalink
Another p.s. I have always wondered if some people of your standing approached the Arts & Letters Daily people, that they might be interested in opening up a related website for discussion, one for grown-ups only. I note that they are a dot-com and not a dot-org.
March 8, 2007 10:29 AM | Reply | Permalink
Yes, I know what you mean, but personally, I still insist on calling them on the lies and exaggerations. It may not change their behavior, but at least a record of truth is established however lonesome the position might be. People should not be allowed to lie with impunity.
Frankly, I am sick to death of politics,politicians, their supporters and their philosophy of winning at all costs, but I know that it has always been that way and probably will always be that way. Reading newspaper articles of the first elections to this election they are all filled with snark, lies, bitter accusations and meanspirited personal attacks, the only difference seems to be the medium in which they're disseminated.
March 8, 2007 10:56 AM | Reply | Permalink
Well... I didn't say they were good jokes. :)
thosethingswesay.blogspot.com
March 8, 2007 1:19 PM | Reply | Permalink
now see, you made me laugh. really.
March 8, 2007 2:24 PM | Reply | Permalink
I thank artappraiser for explaining the group psychology of blogg culture and thank BevD for raising issue of blanket attack on American culture and American children.
First, I appreciate artappraiser for taking the time to explain in clear simple terms about “The insult culture, the ad hominen thing, the politics of personal destruction, it's a game, a childish game.” This is indeed a result of the 1st amendment, though it may not be the initial intention of the forefathers who wrote the changes.
Second, I can understand the unfairness of a blanket attack on the American children. In 2000, CBS 60 minutes made a documentary about NYPD profiling Blacks and Hispanics and pulled them over for whatever reasons a police officer could think of. Is this unfair? Yes, of course. It was a blanket attack on Blacks and Hispanics. There were many good Blacks and Hispanics and they should not be harassed at all. Your feeling of unfairness is understandable and justified.
The question is why I single out American children as such. Well, the American children are raised in an environment very uniquely American. For example, the first amendment, second amendment and Fifth Amendment (and all other amendments), gun laws, democracy, world richest country, major advancement in science and technology, and America has the largest and the best universities in the world. Under such environment, children are taught very differently from any other country. Oprah Winfrey has helped to build a boarding school in South Africa for the poor children. The total cost was US$50 million, of which US$10 million was from her own pocket. She explained why she spent so much time and money on building a boarding school overseas. She said she was sick of the city kids in America that obsessed with ipods and not education. Is this a blanket attack on American children? Yes, of course but the reality is that children in other countries are more interested in education than ipods.
When you travel and live overseas, you would see the differences between children of different nationalities. It is not about mood changes among children (“children in any culture are rude and disrespectful at one time or another is certainly true”), it is about the conditions under which they are raised and whether the environment is conducive to positive and healthy behavior development.
Once again, I thank both for your comments. Oh, by the way, just before I go, there is something I must say. Americans, who live in America, have a blanket hatred of Muslim and Middle Eastern people. This is due to misinformation from the US government and also the “experts” in the Middle East affairs. News hours and Radio talk shows, newspaper, magazines, ironically, are a source of misinformation as well as information.
March 8, 2007 10:11 PM | Reply | Permalink
Well, I have traveled overseas, and I've seen children behave in all sorts of ways, just as I've seen adults in those cultures act in all sorts of way. A wholesale condemnation of a society or a culture based on limited observation is wrong. The "reality" is that children in other countries are very much like children in our country. Some are more interested in education than others, some aren't interested in education at all and most kids have many interests and responsiblities.
It is also wrong to blanket a society with one's own prejudices or what one perceives as others' prejudices. No, not all Americans hate Muslims and Middle Eastern people. A comment like the one you made is a biased, prejudiced comment, guaranteed to polarize and irritate people and is demonstrably false.
March 9, 2007 6:19 AM | Reply | Permalink
Bev, Thank you for your feedback.
First of all, children are raised differently in different countries. I base my findings through years of traveling, living and working in different countries and UN reports also confirmed my findings. My research involves the study of behavior and American children are very different from any other children. Children from Asian countries are raised to be respectful, hardworking and they do not have any freedom to express their thoughts. In other words, they are well disciplined. You will find overseas Asian students work and study worker than the American students in America. This is also the findings of US teachers and the US department of Education. If you have a tertiary degree (I assume you have), you would notice that overseas Asian students at tertiary level, also manifest the same hardworking attitude as overseas Asian students at high school level.
Next, from your writing I can tell you are an American and raised and educated in America and probably, you have done some traveling but I do not think you have stayed long enough to understand and study the differences.
Many Americans that I have interviewed in the course of my research, including highly intelligent people like doctors and lawyers, have a tendency to believe that the behavior pattern is common across all countries. What they fail to realize that each person’s behavior is shaped by their upbringings, culture, government policies, education, and other external influences such as TV, movies, and books. My traveling has given me the opportunity to notice the differences.
A few years ago, when President Bush went to South Korea for an APEC meeting, he was asked to wear Korean tradition clothing to show respect for the host and acceptance of a foreign culture and unity. The Korean tradition clothing for man looks almost a dress in America. Politely, President Bush wore the Korean tradition clothing with other world leaders (who also wore the same kind of Korean tradition clothing). From the picture, all the world leaders looked like women. This is very strange for an American leader to wear a dress but it is OK in Korean culture.
By the way, before I end my note, most Asian children score well in mathematics and science and American children score the lowest in the world. The whole world is aware of this.
And yes, Americans do hate Muslim and Middle Eastern people. It is all done through the US government and the news media that reinforce such hatred onto the minds of the American people by repeating the same misinformation. It is the same as communist propaganda, except that in a democratic society like America, the news media actually foot the cost of the propaganda and not the government.
It is not the world fails to understand America, it is America that fails.
March 9, 2007 7:52 AM | Reply | Permalink
Well, you're very good at stereotyping, blanket condemnations and painting cultures as uniformly bad (in your opinion) and good (in your opinion.) I don't think I have ever seen so many stereotypes, prejudices and biased perceptions loaded into one post since "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion." It's a shame you have such a xenophobic bias about the U.S. and have no understanding of this country.
March 9, 2007 8:23 AM | Reply | Permalink
Before making up their minds on this topic, I hope people will click through and actually watch the Bloggingheads discussion and read my many posts and articles on organ donations (Google: kidney site:dynamist.edu), as well as Professor Etzioni's unnecessarily nasty framing of his NYTBR letter, in which he suggested that I was a "zealot" and an untrustworthy ideologue. (Since I didn't mention my organ donation in the review, which was a straightforward intellectual work about a serious work of scholarship, he didn't know about it and has apparently decided I'm not quite as awful a person as he originally assumed on the basis of my politics) Don't believe everything you read online.
March 9, 2007 12:54 PM | Reply | Permalink
BevD,
Thank you for your comments. Your comment is very consistent with someone who is born and raised in America. This is also my findings. You are in a state of denial. People from New York live on the illusion that the world revolves around NY. This is the same as you, “children behave in all sorts of ways, just as I've seen adults in those cultures act in all sorts of way”. This is an illusion.
The former US ambassador to the UN, John Bolton, had antagonized the world leaders and diplomats with his arrogance, superior attitude, dominance and above all, ignorance. He is out of the UN now. He did not bring his diplomatic skill with him, he displayed his bully skill and anger and expected obedience from other nations.
Oh yes, there is something good about America. The people living in NC, SC and Georgia are the nicest people I have ever met in America. They are honest, polite, hospitable, helpful and charitable. Most of them are church goers and they are the kindness people in America. There was one thing that I discovered, again in the course of my research, they had tremendous hatred towards Muslim and Middle Eastern looking people. They called them evils and despise their religion and upbringings. Later, I discovered that they had not met any Muslim or Middle Eastern looking people in their life time and they had never been offended by the Muslim personally. So, where is the hatred comes from? Yes, it is the US government and the news media. The hatred is reinforced every time the government made an accusation against a Muslim or an Arab country. I have seen all the accusations by the Bush administration from 2002 till now, they were all wrong about Iraq and other nations. It resulted in many deaths among the Iraqi civilians and the US government has to under-report the Iraqi casualties in order to make them look good. This cover-up is similar to the one used by Hitler when he ordered the torture and killing of Jews in Poland during the 2nd world war. The Germany press was ordered to display the good side of Germans towards the Jews and quietly tortured, raped and killed the Jews.
I thank you for comments because it just confirms my findings of ignorance and denial in America. Please do not blame the world for failing to understand America, it is America that should be blamed.
March 9, 2007 8:58 PM | Reply | Permalink
By the way, one American father once told me that his 12 year old son was asked to write an essay, as part of his homework in the school, about America having the best government in the world. He told his son this was B.S. because there was no way to prove it. He was right. There is no way to prove it. It is kind of sad that America has the greatest universities in the world and yet the people are as ignorant as anybody else in the world.
March 9, 2007 9:01 PM | Reply | Permalink