Welcome to the Emerald City
I thought we could pull it off in Iraq. Today, some might suggest I'm defeatist for calling into question our ability to pull it off. Others probably think I'm woefully naive. And yet others must be wondering, "what does pull it off" really mean? Haven't we been moving the goalposts all along?
Initially, before the fall of Saddam's government, didn't President Bush pledge that the United States would transform Iraq into a democracy? Then, of course, in the heady days after Saddam was overthrown, the Bush administration's ambitions grew larger. Iraq wasn't just going to be a democracy, but it needed to be a secular democracy. And a federal democracy. And it's economy needed an overhaul. State-owned industries would need to be privatized. Government subsides needed to end. Iraq needed capitalism. Oh, and we can't forget the army. Ambassador Bremer decided Iraq needed a new one. Now, it seems, the White House would be content with anything but civil war. Raids by the militia-riddled police that violate Iraq's constitution? No problem, so long as you're getting the bad guys. Reconstruction? The pledge to generate 10,000 megawatts of power? To provide clean water to major cities? Forget about it. Forget even about generating enough electricity to meet the nation's demand. The country is generating the same amount of power it was under Saddam -- and that was under U.N. sanctions.
By "pull it off," I mean something in the middle -- a stable democracy, on Iraqi terms, with a functioning economy and modest reconstruction. At least, that's what I hoped when I returned to Baghdad the day after the statue of Saddam was felled in front of the Palestine Hotel.
Before I continue, let me make one point clear: In my new book, Imperial Life in the Emerald City, I do not take a position on whether the United States should have invaded Iraq. I begin with the fact that we were there in Baghdad on April 9th, 2003 -- and we had a strategic and moral obligation to get Iraq back on its feet.
I should also add that I'm not one of those people who assumed from the very beginning that Ambassador Bremer was the wrong man for the job. Here's brief passage from the fourth chapter of my book:
As we talked, I was struck by his zeal to help the people of Iraq. While Washington remained focused on Saddam’s alleged weapons of mass destruction and the human rights abuses of his government, Bremer’s emphasis on the future was refreshing. I wondered if his aspirations would change once he heard from more Iraqis, or if he would demonstrate a missionary’sunshakable commitment to doctrine from the home country, but those thoughts were soon eclipsed by the viceroy’s vision of a new Iraq. It sounded like he wanted America to be as ambitious in Iraq as it had been in Germany and Japan after World War II. After fifteen minutes of conversation, I found myself believing in Bremer.
Of course, Bremer had a daunting challenge before him. There hadn't been enough troops on the ground to prevent the looting of almost every significant government building in Baghdad, and in much of the rest of Iraq. There wasn't a plan for the transition to an Iraqi-led interim government. And there were no significant resources for the reconstruction of Iraq on stand-by.
I'm not going to litigate, in this post, the decisions to disband the army or deBaathify the government. Like many others, I consider both decisions to be mistakes, and I write about them in the book. But addressing those topics will consume too much space here, and I'm sure you've already heard way too much on those issues.
Despite all of the challenges, I remained hopeful in the early months that Bremer and his staff -- and their superiors in Washington -- would do the right things: That they'd share meaningful governing authority with the Iraqis, that they'd assemble the necessary resources for rebuilding the country, and they'd be pragmatic. They'd would, as T.E. Lawrence so famously cautioned, "do not try to do too much with your own hands . . . under the very odd conditions of Arabia."
We all know that didn't happen. We all have our reasons. Over the next three days, I'll highlight three of them -- the people, the place and the policies -- that form key themes of Imperial Life in the Emerald City.
Today, I'll focus on people: The process of selecting staff to work for the Coalition Provisional Authority, the American occupation administration in Iraq from April 2003 to June 2004.
Instead of sending the best and brightest, in many cases we sent the loyal and the willing. The result was that the CPA was dominated -- and ultimately hobbled -- by administration ideologues.
Many of those who worked for the CPA got their jobs through James O’Beirne, the White House liaison at the Pentagon. He and his office took charge of personnel recruitment, dispatching queries for résumés to the offices of Republican congressmen, conservative think tanks, and GOP activists. To pass muster with O'Beirne's office, applicants didn't need to be experts in the Middle East or in post-conflict reconstruction. What seemed most important was loyalty to the Bush administration.
Fred Smith, who served as the deputy director of the CPA’s Washington office, told me that O’Beirne once pointed to a young man’s résumé and pronounced him “an ideal candidate.” The young man’s chief qualification was that he had worked for the Republican Party in Florida during the presidential election recount in 2000.
O’Beirne’s staff asked questions in job interviews that could have gotten an employer in the private sector hauled into court. Two CPA staffers said that they were asked if they supported Roe v. Wade and if they had voted for George W. Bush.
One former CPA employee who had an office near the White House liaison staff wrote an e-mail to a friend describing the recruitment process: “I watched résumés of immensely talented individualswho had sought out CPA to help the country thrown in the trash because their adherence to ‘the President’s vision for Iraq’ (a frequently heard phrase at CPA) was ‘uncertain.’ I saw senior civil servants from agencies like Treasury, Energy, . . . and Commerce denied advisory positions in Baghdad that were instead handed to prominent RNC contributors.”
Another CPA staffer told me that when he went to the Pentagon for his predeployment interview, one of O’Beirne’s deputies launched into a ten-minute soliloquy about domestic politics that included statements opposing abortion and supporting capital punishment. The staffer didn’t agree with what was said, but he nodded. “I felt pressure to agree if I wanted to go to Baghdad,” he said.
What was the result?
There was Jay Hallen. He was 24 years old. He had never worked in the securities industry. But he had applied for a job at the White House. He found himself in Baghdad with the responsibility of reopening the stock exchange.
There was Scott Erwin, a 21-year-old former intern in Vice President Cheney's office, who was assigned to work for the CPA team trying to overhaul the Interior Ministry. This was no throw-away job. The Interior Ministry, as we all know, oversees all of Iraq's police forces. Erwin told an interviewer that his favorite job, before going to Baghdad, was as an ice cream truck driver.
There was John Agresto, the former president of St. John's College, a small liberal arts school in New Mexico with fewer than 500 students. Joyce Rumsfeld was on his board of directors and he worked with Lynne Cheney at the National Endowment for the Humanities. He got the job of overseeing all of Iraq's universities and technical institutes. It was a lot bigger than his 500-student school. Iraq's universities have a combined enrollment of 375,000.
And there was Jim Haveman. Haveman, a 60-year-old social worker, was largely unknown among international health experts, but he had connections. He had been the community health director for the former Republican governor of Michigan, John Engler, who recommended him to Paul Wolfowitz, then the deputy secretary of defense. Haveman was well-traveled, but most of his overseas trips were in his capacity as a director of International Aid, a faith-based relief organization that provided health care while promoting Christianity in the developing world. Before his stint in government, Haveman ran a large Christian adoption agency in Michigan that urged pregnant women not to have abortions.
Haveman replaced Frederick M. Burkle Jr., a physician with a master's degree in public health and postgraduate degrees from Harvard, Yale, Dartmouth and the University of California at Berkeley. Burkle taught at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, where he specialized in disaster-response issues, and he was a deputy assistant administrator at the U.S. Agency for International Development, which sent him to Baghdad immediately after the war. He had worked in Kosovo and Somalia and in northern Iraq after the 1991 Persian Gulf War. A USAID colleague called him the "single most talented and experienced post-conflict health specialist working for the United States government." But a week after Baghdad's liberation, Burkle was informed he was being replaced. A senior official at USAID sent Burkle an e-mail saying the White House wanted a "loyalist" in the job. As I write in the book, Burkle had a wall of degrees, but he didn't have a picture with the president.
"We didn't tap -- and it should have started from the White House on down -- just didn't tap the right people to do this job," Smith said. "It was a tough, tough job. Instead we got people who went out there because of their political leanings."
Up next: Life in the Emerald City.
















Of course, most of the experts on the Middle East and nation building opposed the war. The phrase I heard most often in late 2002 and early 2003 was "they (the Administration in general, particularly the Pentagon and White House staff) have no idea what they are getting into." Many experts DID know what we were getting into and from the beginning were reluctant to get involved. In those heady triumphal early days, I'm sure that many thought the doubters had been proven wrong. At the critical juncture they were LESS inclined to listen to advice from the naysayers.
It was eerily like watching the twentysomethings who thought the knew how to run internet companies a few years earlier. Early success made them impervious to criticism and dismissive of advice. It was a new paradigm and the old rules did not apply. The results were more or less the same.
October 10, 2006 9:34 AM | Reply | Permalink
If I had only known at the time, being retired and with spare time on my hands, I would have volunteered to serve as the chief interpreter for the CPA. Of course I speak only English, but I could have easily faked the devotion to Bush, and that apparently would have gotten me the job.
Sorry for the flippant comment - reading your post leaves me speechless. Sending a 21 yr old ice cream truck driver to overhaul the Interior Ministry? I'm trying very hard to keep my blood pressure down right now.
I'm having second thoughts - faking devotion to Bush would be beyond my limited talents.
I look forward to the next in this series.
Hoppy in Sacramento
October 10, 2006 9:43 AM | Reply | Permalink
First comment: thank you for not simply copy/pasting from the book. And if you respond to comments, you'll be vying for the TPMCafe Best.Guest.Ever award with Wes Clark and the few others who actually responded...
Second comment: what you described is criminal. Not just incompetent, but criminal. The Iraqi people, let alone our nation, deserved much better.
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 10, 2006 10:01 AM | Reply | Permalink
The only solution is to go to the UN to arrange for the orderly withdrawal of US troops and to resolve never to permit a group of arrogant morons to be in charge of our government again.
Tom
October 10, 2006 10:11 AM | Reply | Permalink
I think our efforts in Iraq were doomed to failure when it was in the planning stages. The key was to get UN/global support for removing Saddam. We (and the British) decided to act unilaterally with neither country being willing to make the requisite effort needed in terms of man power and resources.
The only way to get Iraq "right" is to get the rest of the world involved. And I have grave doubts that the rest of the world wants to get involved or we want the rest of the world involved.
Cronyism, a partisan political agenda and profiteering by US multinationals in rebuilding Iraq stand in the way of building a stable government in Iraq. And I see no indications Bush has any resolve to remove those obstacles. Until the US starts pursuing policies which are in the best interests of Iraq, instead of the US, the situation in Iraq will not improve.
October 10, 2006 10:13 AM | Reply | Permalink
Of course, these policies are not in the best interest of the American people either.
Tom
October 10, 2006 10:15 AM | Reply | Permalink
Something has struck me in the recent reporting, the last couple months, that says "point of no return" for the country of Iraq, U.S. involved or not. Previously, one could always talk theoretical "pie in the sky" stuff like "what if an Arab force was put in there instead of the U.S.?" The point of no return is that everyone that has any means of leaving Iraq seems to have done so, or is planning to do so, and the young dream of doing so. Of course, I am using the many anecdotals I see in the reporting, and I have no figures. But if true, that's a no brainer, equals failed state, no matter what. The Kurdish areas are the only ones that have a chance because people actually still have dreams? You can even survive a civil war if a mixture of classes and education levels of people want to stay and believe in the country, the U.S. is an example.
October 10, 2006 10:16 AM | Reply | Permalink
Yes, thanks, we read this in your own newspaper a few years ago.
What I'd like to know is how someone can be so stupid that after a fifteen minute conversation with a bullshitter like Bremer, he was convinced that "we could pull this off."
You KNEW there was no plan, you KNEW there were no resources, you KNEW there were not enough troops and yet you were HOPING for a different outcome. You thought these were "challenges??" These are CRIMES against humanity, you pliant lump of putty.
I find it hard to believe that anyone is paid to be so goddamned gullible. You didn't take a position in your book? You TOLD us your "position" - an incredulous belief that this could work.
You're going to be kind enough to give us "three reasons" why this didn't work? How about the fourth and main reason? The childishly simple-minded press who refused to do even elemental fact finding and instead relied on 15 minute conversations with nice guys and their hope that things would work out.
October 10, 2006 10:28 AM | Reply | Permalink
I think many in the press (and the Democratic Party) were intimidated by Bush's high poll numbers also.
Tom
October 10, 2006 10:32 AM | Reply | Permalink
As I mentioned in another post on a different thread, George W. Bush would likely have been a hell of a success if he had been president in 1906.
The problem is that his administration seems to create policies which reflect the geopolitical situation of that time period (1906).
The likes of Cheney and Rove seem not to grasp the fact that the Industrial Revolution is over and that other nations, like China and Japan, have caught up to the U.S. in terms of production capacity and ingenuity.
Also, the world is no longer the oyster of the United States. Bush seems to think he is a modern-day Teddy Roosevelt.
Check that. He seems to think he is Teddy Roosevelt.
Somebody should give him a calender.
October 10, 2006 11:05 AM | Reply | Permalink
Rajiv, please define what you mean by pull it off?
Regime Change
Rebuild the infrastructure that Saddam had left to rot
Representative, constitutional government
Acceptance of "universal values" such as equal treatment of women
Democracy
Secular control
Transformation of the Middle East, Road to through ...
October 10, 2006 11:13 AM | Reply | Permalink
Congressional Hearings? Maybe a panel would like to hear testimony from the likes of Jay Hallen, Scott Erwin, John Agresto, Jim Haveman. I know I would!
Congressman Ballsy: I'm looking for the reason, the motive, for why you got this job. Far be it from me to suggest that you were given this job for something so crass as a payoff for your party loyalty...
Young Man: Thank you Congressman.
Congressman Ballsy: So my question is, young man, did you ever receive any emails from former Congreeman Foley, or anyone like him?
Camera catches the Young Man's astonishment, eyes bugged out, jaw dropped wide, lips curled outward and quivering...
Congressman Ballsy: Ah! I thought as much. Mr. Chairman I have no further questions and cede the remainder of my time over to Congesswoman Ratchet.
October 10, 2006 11:22 AM | Reply | Permalink
I'm just sick of the press's bullshit. They act as though they had no responsibility in this - a fifteen minute conversation with Bremer and this guy becomes a true believer - and so unmindful of the stupidity of it, that he makes it public. And these are the people on whom we depend to tell us the truth - taken in by con men and wishful thinking.
"Daunting challenges?" These were criminal acts perpetrated on a nation and its people.
October 10, 2006 11:25 AM | Reply | Permalink
The only thing this administration was prepared to "pull off" was looking the other way while Kuwait slant drilled Iraqi oil.
October 10, 2006 11:28 AM | Reply | Permalink
Great Post, Rajiv.
Now my observation. The Communist Party hierarchy of the USSR promoted people in government based on their adherence to Communist ideology rather than their demonstrated expertise. I learned of this problem by reading U.S. evaluations of the effectiveness of organizational motivation techniques of the Soviet military.
Remember that in the USSR the Party was separate from the government, but the Party approved all promotions. In the U.S. promotions in the government were a government function, not a party function.
This was (in my opinion) a major reason for the collapse of the USSR. I believe that promotion based on ideological purity rather than technical competence was a major reason for the failure of the Soviet government to be able to effectively control a modern industrial state. An organization (government, corporate or non-profit) gets from its employees what it rewards, and fails to get what it fails to reward. Reward comptence, you get competence. Reward ideological purity, you get ideologican purity.
Apparently the American anti-Communist conservatives learned a lot from their soviet enemies during the Cold War. In this case, they seem to have learned how to fail in staffing and managing organizations.
October 10, 2006 11:29 AM | Reply | Permalink
I think you're being a little hard on Rajiv.
No doubt, the press, including his paper (who's ed. board often seems to be cheerleading for the administration) has a lot to account for.
But you weren't in Baghdad, and neither was I. I don't see anything wrong with making an initial judgement on Bremer based on that conversation, if his views were as pro-Iraqi-people, zealous and "refreshing" compared to the crap we heard from the Bush Administration at the time.
So, Bremer was a bullshitter. Not the first time someone, including a reporter, was taken in by a bullshitter.
In fact, I think he deserves some credit for admitting he was taken in by Bremer's bullshit. Many (most?) in the press find it hard to admit any mistakes. Certainly when it comes to Iraq.
His mistake was to take seriously anyone from the Bush Administration. It's is easy to see that mistake now, from here.
In 2003, in Baghdad, I'm not so sure.
Certainly, there are targets in the media more worthy of scorn than the person who wrote "Emerald City."
Aforementioned WaPo Editorial Board comes to mind...
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 10, 2006 11:29 AM | Reply | Permalink
I remember the last orderly withdrawal of troops - the last marine scrambling up a rope ladder into a helicopter while Vietnamese tried to break open the roof door. Of course these are the same arrogant morons that engineered that debacle.
October 10, 2006 11:32 AM | Reply | Permalink
Re. "I begin with the fact that we were there in Baghdad on April 9th, 2003 -- and we had a strategic and moral obligation to get Iraq back on its feet."
Sir, Do you still believe we have moral obligations vis-a-vis Iraq? How do we discharge them?
Our moral (and possibly legal) obligation should be to pay reparations for the destruction that's been left behind. A sort of Marshall plan, to avoid the term "reparation", humiliating to a self-styled superpower. This plan would be adminstered by a regional authority (including Iran) under the U.N. Of course this won't happen. So how do you propose we settle this moral failure of biblical proportions? Praying?
Your repentance, comes to little too late.
October 10, 2006 11:34 AM | Reply | Permalink
and we had a strategic and moral obligation to get Iraq back on its feet.
This curious, U.S. exclusive "obligation" has killed enough people in Vietnam, Haiti, Iraq, ...
Americans, you have NO obligations neither strategic (what a moronic expression: "strategic obligation") nor moral to kill people who are very well able to take care of themself.
October 10, 2006 11:36 AM | Reply | Permalink
Rajiv, would you say that the Washington establishment has now turned totally against the Bush administration, or is there still a semblance of true believers?
If the establishment has turned, will there be support for investigations which hold Bush responsible?
If the establishment hasn't turned, do they have anything up their sleeve beside staying the course and handing the mess off to the next president in 2008?
October 10, 2006 11:36 AM | Reply | Permalink
Well I see something fundamentally wrong with a reporter who becomes a "believer" after a fifteen minute conversation with an administration appointee.
He describes criminal negligence and misfeasance in office, and calls them "daunting challenges".
This guy IS a managing editor of the WaPo. Doesn't this scare you?
October 10, 2006 11:41 AM | Reply | Permalink
Wait a minute.
From your bio, it calls you the bureau chief in Baghdad.
Your job as a journalist, as a reporter, was to report the facts.
Yet in your initial take here, you talk about Bremer and appear to have fallen in love with the bullshit. That's not the role of a reporter. Your job was to report what he was saying, and then report on what was happening in reality.
Even the claim "I thought we could pull this off" shows a lack of proper perspective. Your job isn't to hope we can pull it off. It isn't to hope we fail. It's to report on what is happening.
This is what's wrong with the bloody media today. You guys get too involved in the story, that you forget to report the story.
October 10, 2006 11:48 AM | Reply | Permalink
Bush came out of the oil production industry. Not refining or distribution, both of which require a great deal of industry expertise for anyone to succeed, but production.
Oil Production is a "Bet your company" industry. You don't need a lot of expertise - you can hire that. What you need is the willingness to bet large sums of (other people's) money to a drilling operation. Win and you are rich. Lose and you are bankrupt - and go on to set up a new company and try again. That is the core culture of the industry.
Bush operates by making decisions based on his intuition. He also does not go back and reevaluate his failures. He doesn't even want to hear about his failures, or he wants to blame someone else.
These are techniques which lead to the best chance of success for individuals in the oil production industry. They also consider the organization needed to accomplish the job of drilling the wells as disposable and unimportant.
A person with that professional background needs to be highly intelligent and very intellecuutally curious to make an effective transition into government. Even then it will be extremely difficult.
In government, the organization operates on routine which is based on very wide social acceptance, and is far from disposable. It is one of the sources of stability for the society that it is central to. Replacing a government organization ususally involves revolution and extreme social disruption.
With his lack of intellectual curiosity and his dependence on making decisions based on intuition (meaning based on his socialization and experience), George W. Bush is a guaranteed failure when being placed in a government top management job. He doesn't have a clue, he doesn't want to hear that he is failing, and he doesn't have the curiosity to determine what is actually going wrong with his decisions. Instead he will want to know who is to blame, because it can't be him.
It really is that simple. Bush is the worst single President America has ever had, and it was totally predictable.
October 10, 2006 11:56 AM | Reply | Permalink
Hiring practices within our government where qualifiers for employment are clearly against federal labor laws tells us a lot about just how corrupt our government has become. And we can be assured that bias in the application of law extends to the private sector and is fully coincident with the political environment. Asking about Roe v Wade and who a person voted for raises questions about having violated all kinds of laws and the Constitution itself.
This nation will never see mid-century at this rate. Persons in power will let the nation destroy itself from within before they give up any of their power.
How many people have ever noticed how police (and a lot of municipal employees) often drive with little regard for traffic laws? The situation we have throughout government mirrors this behavior and is nothing more than abuse of authority.
thepeoplechoose
October 10, 2006 12:05 PM | Reply | Permalink
Bill Kristol, anyone at National Review, Marshall Wittmann, the WaPo Ed Bd and David Brooks scare me a helluva lot more.
My point is that it's easy to sit here on a blog and judge. You weren't there.
Certainly there are people in Iraq, then and now, with good intentions. All I think RC is saying is he thought Bremer could have been one of those with good intentions. Turns out he was wrong. But that's what I think he means by "believer."
Perhaps our Guest can clarify.
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 10, 2006 12:09 PM | Reply | Permalink
I see a lot of anger about media supposedly spewing simplistic hyperbole in your other comments, but then here you cannot manage to keep from indulging in it yourself? The cycle will not stop until people stop showing that they like to produce, like to read, and like to debate this kind of simplistic comment. Our media is mostly a for profit business, they'll give news junkies what they seem to like.
October 10, 2006 12:10 PM | Reply | Permalink
Looking at the thread as of 3:05pm, and putting myself in his shoes, I probably wouldn't. There's a lot of emotional venting (that other members are showing approval of by rating highly,) not much opportunity for civil discussion, not much promise of respectful interchange or of it bearing any fruit. I'd think: they don't like me, why did I bother?
October 10, 2006 12:19 PM | Reply | Permalink
I don't know why the hell I'm playing the role of "media defender" here, but...
Can you not differentiate between a non-fiction book based on a reporter's experience in Iraq and reportage published for a newspaper?
To substantiate your argument, you'd have to go back and examine RC's dispatches from Iraq, and look for signs of bias, or cheerleading, or a lack of perspective.
Here's an article of his from June, 2003. Even got a quote from Bremer in there. Anything in there not based in reality? I'm not suggesting either way, just asking the question.
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 10, 2006 12:19 PM | Reply | Permalink
I just read an account of this a few months ago. This slant drilling was a major reason why Hussein invaded Kuwait during the first war. If I read about it, are you telling me that this administration doesn't know about it?
I'm not debating this, I'm telling that this is what is going on.
Frankly, I hope everyone becomes angry and outraged at the corruption, the coverups, the steno reporting, the cronyism, the theft, the lies, the hypocrisy, the selfish disdain for others and the barefaced greed in this country.
October 10, 2006 12:20 PM | Reply | Permalink
This is not a news story, but his personal memoir of Iraq. As such it is necessarily subjective.
As far as being impressed or convinced by Bremer, his feelings are beside the point. The point being, as you said, to find the truth and report it. Bur nobody has ever suggested that reporters are robots without opinions or feelings about the stories they cover. They are human; of course they have opinions. But having opinions does not mean that a journalist cannot be a professional at the same time. If you have a complaint, it should be with his straight reporting. Not for sharing his feelings in a memoir.
If it helps, consider this not to be a story about Iraq, but a story about him in Iraq.
October 10, 2006 12:22 PM | Reply | Permalink
I am not saying there aren't emotionally charged replies (I have no problem with passion either) on this thread but for the most part the discourse is civil and worthy of responses...so I am hoping he does.
October 10, 2006 12:30 PM | Reply | Permalink
I think he's probably got a pretty thick skin by now, even if it was earned slinging off accusations from conservatives, rather than liberals.
But he's also got a day job.
October 10, 2006 12:32 PM | Reply | Permalink
Wouldn't be the first reporter we scared away. But I hope he's got some thicker skin than that...and the discussion's been pretty civil so far. No one's called me a rascist Marxist yet.
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 10, 2006 12:33 PM | Reply | Permalink
"deBaathify" seems to be the equivalent of "entnazifizieren".National socialism seems less evil than Nationalsozialismus. The question is: if Adenauer could keep Globke why would Bremer not keep who-knows-his-name (all german names by accident ;-) )
October 10, 2006 12:36 PM | Reply | Permalink
Yes, it's easy to sit here and judge - any sentient person could have told him that this wasn't going to work, a few people even said so before the invasion.
This reporter knew that Bremer didn't have enough troops, that there were not enough resources and there was no comprehensive plan - did he not read his own newspaper?
What is wrong with this country that people accept this kind of incompetence from the media? Would you accept this from a doctor or a lawyer?
"Well, soandso, I talked to the doctor and it seems that while he didn't have an operating room, or instruments or any nurses or any xrays, he had the best of intentions in operating on your now deceased loved one. While you might think he's negligent and his action criminal, I talked with him for fifteen minutes and I believe these weren't criminal acts, they were daunting challenges. There's no need to investigate what he said, he was very convincing."
"I'm very hopeful that the next person he operates on will live."
October 10, 2006 12:41 PM | Reply | Permalink
Where you went wrong was in thinking "we could pull it off" in a Bush/Cheney/Rumsfeld operation.
October 10, 2006 12:41 PM | Reply | Permalink
I think your point about Bush/Cheney/neocons living in the past is a good one Gettysburg.
My only comment is I wish Bush was more like TR in the "Speak softly and carry a big stick" way. Bush is more like "Yell at the top of your lungs and whack people over the head with a big stick". ;-)
October 10, 2006 12:41 PM | Reply | Permalink
That's why I propose UN rather than US leadership. Just in case you aren't aggravated enough read One-Percent Doctrine, Fiasco, Greatest Story Ever Sold, and Hubris. Those four will do a job on your blood pressure.
Tom
October 10, 2006 12:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
Yeah. It's almost as if he's attempting to play baseball with a plastic bat.
October 10, 2006 12:49 PM | Reply | Permalink
Did you read my post?
Please also see my other post, below, about differentiating between reportage and a non-fiction book about an experience in Iraq.
You're conflating the two.
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 10, 2006 12:57 PM | Reply | Permalink
...I asked the questions above because I did not understand Rajiv's starting point but then I also spoke in an equally cryptic manner. Let me start again.
Rajiv I want to understand what you meant by pull it off so I can understand and comment on what follows.
October 10, 2006 1:11 PM | Reply | Permalink
This is all old news of course, since this story was broken back in 2004: in stories in the WaPo (some written by Chandrasekaran) and elsewhere. The Harper's piece, "Baghdad Year Zero," is particularly good.
In my opinion, the only remaining questions are: (1) how can the Bushies live with themselves, and (2) why on earth did the electorate trust them to run so much as a lemonade stand?
October 10, 2006 1:16 PM | Reply | Permalink
So, it is okay to critique the reconstruction but questioning the reasons for invading in the first place isn’t useful? That does kind of let the media off the hook, doesn’t it? The problem is that this was a “pre-emptive” invasion. The media spin was that this preventive war (without a tangibly imminent threat) was not an illegal radical change in policy and was not even that unusual. But the fact that this was an invasion of a country that was not actually threatening us requires that we examine how we got into this war and that means looking at a media that was complicit in selling this war to the American people. That is why your uncritical “faith” in Paul Bremer after a 15 minute interview should be questioned.
October 10, 2006 1:19 PM | Reply | Permalink
Oh, it's not a thick skin issue in my mind. It's like I learned in a short stint in retail that if people are angry and want to yell at you, to just shut up and let them vent. There's nothing productive for him in defending himself against accusations (probably been there, done that too many times already,) it's not a smart use of time. Intrigue a contributor with an idea, ask an interesting question, challenge something in particular with an alternative, that might get a response. People telling you how to do your job or explain yourself or what they dislike about your work might be helpful input for a writer, but a response to it all is not real savvy.
October 10, 2006 1:20 PM | Reply | Permalink
The problem is not in the execution of the war in Iraq, the problem is in the very idea itself.
Preemptive war, invading Arab countries, trying to establish secular democracies in countries that seem to want more religious involvment in government. For all those reasons and more, it was a terrible idea and never had a chance of success. If we convince ourselves otherwise, we are more likely to try it again saying "this time we'll do it right".
Admittedly, Bush seems to have made bad judgments at every turn but the only one that really mattered was deciding to invade in the first place.
October 10, 2006 1:22 PM | Reply | Permalink
I have - I've just finished Cobra also.
October 10, 2006 1:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
I've done some major home remodeling, and there were certain things that I knew I didn't know, such as concrete foundation work. I did do the electrical and signal wiring, some of the plumbing, and some framing.
If the goal is stated to look at the reconstruction, since not everything can be examined at once, no. A different book might well focus on the role of the media in the run-up to invasion. I don't disagree with the premise that the media, as well as Congress, failed. Nevertheless, I think it's quite useful to examine other parts.
--
Howard
*equal opportunity offense to both extremes*
October 10, 2006 1:28 PM | Reply | Permalink
I understand your point, but it sideslips the observation made by Duncan Black:
So your retail example is perhaps not quite germane[1], in that there may be some fundamental issues here that lead to bad reporting and bad policy. Just labeling any strong criticism as "venting" doesn't make the issues go away.
sPh
[1] To continue your retail example, what if you sold me a piece of junk? I know that you as the clerk are not personally responsible for that, and I won't yell at you, but is the guy who does yell at you wrong? You are working for an organization that sells junk in that example (which I am sure has happened to you). Do you bear zero responsibility?
October 10, 2006 1:31 PM | Reply | Permalink
BevD - It scares me.
It's obvious that the television media are basically megaphones. On the other hand, print media are supposed to be filters, devices that get rid of impurities. Any reporter who does not approach a subject with at least a modicum of DISBELIEF will ever realize that he needs to filter what he is being told.
Too many reporters, too many times in the lead up to this tragic Iraq debacle have "believed" what they were told. In doing so, they have rendered themselves not only useless but propagaters of false information.
October 10, 2006 1:43 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'm in the camp wanting very much to thank Chandrasekaran for a great post. It reports, in considerable, telling detail, and it's hard to ask for more than that. Was he taken in? Fine, he says so himself. Were the goals unachievable? He doesn't discuss this, so it's hard to fault him one way or another, but he's frank right off in discussing how the goalposts kept moving. But mostly, he just is telling stories that needed to be heard, and he tells them well. I suspect that his critics here would consider themselves among those wishing them spread most widely.
John
http://www.haberarts.com/
October 10, 2006 1:44 PM | Reply | Permalink
When the decision to invade Iraq was made, there was some possibility that it could be done effectively. I will admit that I had some hope it would work. But when Lt. Gen. (Ret) Jay Garner was abruptly removed and replaced by Jerry Bremer six weeks into the invasion, I lost all hope.
What Rajive Chandrasekaran is writing about is the total incompetence with which the actual implementation of the invasion decision was conducted. He does not go beyond his data. He does not explain the replacement of Garner (something I am still looking for) nor does he focus on the decision to invade in the first place (somethiing which he has no reason to know, and which is going to be covered in numerous other books and articles.)
I'm just happy to get this rather limited but quite clear explanation of the strange but typically conservative method of making a disaster out of a problem.
The failure of the Bush administration is a general failure of both Bush/Cheney and of the right-wing Republican party. No single book will ever encompass how total their failure really is. Take this one for what it is. Rajive has done a good job of describing the idiocy of right-wing administration of Iraq.
There is a lot more of the right-wing idiocy to be described, and it will take a lot more than one book to describe it.
I'd like to see someone catalogue all the failures, and then refer to the specific books and investigations which describe each element of the failure. It will take an equivalent of an encyclopedia to cover it all. No single book and no single author will ever do it.
October 10, 2006 1:45 PM | Reply | Permalink
Well they do want to retrun the economy to that era as well so I guess they are consistent at least:-)
October 10, 2006 1:50 PM | Reply | Permalink
I suspect that his critics here would consider themselves among those wishing them spread most widely.
Bingo. Well said.
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 10, 2006 1:57 PM | Reply | Permalink
You know, I apologize. I usually try to inform people that I'm wise to their bullshit in a kind, instructive manner.
I understand that you weren't allowed to roam around the green zone or talk to staffers without a minder. I can see why the serving of pork and pork products and the coalition goind so far as to serve bacon for breakfast as "high fat comfort food" was politically insensitive and worthy of comment by you. I know that you found it offensive that foreign workers imported by Halliburton lived in execrable conditions, and believe me, I comiserate with you that the air conditioning was kept at a chilly 68 degrees, while Iraqis had electricity for only a few hours a day. I'm sure these are all important factors in the collapse of Iraq. I'm a tad curious as to why we didn't read about this in real time, especially the "minder" business and why it was so difficult to ferret out information on these "staffers" while you were there, especially with the resources of the WaPo at your disposal and it's your job to find out who, what, where, when and how. I'm even glad you had belief in Paul Bremer after a fifteen minute conversation. I might not have mentioned that, but that's just me. I also might not have mentioned that I believed "we could pull this off" either. In my own personal opinion, I find that a bit impertinent, especially the "we" part, but you know they say a positive attitude is half the battle and there was no reason not to believe "we" could have done it.
October 10, 2006 1:58 PM | Reply | Permalink
I disagree. In many cases the way a manager deals with a problem is simply to make a decision, then beat it into shape as it runs into problems. A really bad decision can sometimes be made to work if the managers will consider their actions as experiements and learn from their failures.
This is not possible for an ideologue. When an ideologue makes a decision and it fails, the solution is to redouble the effort to apply the ideology. This is not an experimental method. It starts with assuming the answer is known, and the failures to achieve success are failures of the person who attempts to change things.
A good manager starts by getting all the possible information, then making a decision and starting to act. But at this point, all actions change the situation and become experiments. When they fail they provide new informatino and require a new decision. A good manager will recognize this and make new decisions not limited by the ideology with which they started.
Theory is always less important than facts. Always. But an ideologue will be bound by the theory, so the solution for the ideologue is to either redouble the effort or replace the manager. (Why was Jay Garner replaced? No one has ever said.) Conservatives are, by definition, ideologues.
Why was Lt. Gen. Jay Garner replaced by Jerry Bremer less than six weeks into the occupation of Iraq? Garner was not an ideologue. Bremer was.
There were a lot more bad decisions made than just the one to invade Iraq. In fact, if you want to know what decisions are bad, just look at every decision that the Bush administration has made since 2001. They have made effective decisions only by accident.
October 10, 2006 2:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
I have been reading the comments here with my jaw dropping! I can easily remember that I too thought Bremer had what it would take to get Iraq back as a functioning nation. If I kept copies of my posts on various blogs, etc. I could quote a post I very well remember, where I was thanking God that Bush finally appointed someone with some capabililty to take over in Iraq. Bremer had the ability to sound very good.
Of course it didn't take long for reality to take over, but I can hardly blame someone else for buying the story Bremer was peddling back then.
The whole subject matter for this thread seems to me to be based on what happened once Bremer was in charge. Why didn't the CPA function as expected to rebuild and restart Iraq? That question got a pretty good answer in the post by Rajiv Chandrasekaran. I appreciate his information.
Hoppy in Sacramento
October 10, 2006 2:09 PM | Reply | Permalink
The sub-thread was about hoping to get the writer to reply to comments. People are criticizing his career "product" and expecting him to reply. I think that's like inviting him to fight to defend his product. Maybe he's not interested in fighting, doesn't find it productive. (Also, it's also clear that such people are not interested in buying his book, it would be a hard sell.) Look, I'm talking simple psychology, how to get a conversation going. Sometimes forums get so venty/ranty that people think everyone is like that, that everyone wants to rant and fight. Everyone's not like that, we don't all enjoy that game.
There's better ways to go about introducing the topic you mention (i.e., have you learned anything from that? have you changed your reporting technique since that?) Think like you were meeting him in person, in a coffee shop. How would you initiate a conversation? If you started yelling at him like a protestor about things he wrote that you read, wouldn't he be smart to just walk away from you? Responding to emotional, angry people is just not wise in many cases. What is it you expect? In retail you say "I'm sorry" and then just listen, because you have to be there and deal with it. He doesn't have to be here, you have to entice him to reply, just like any other person here. Would you think it interesting for him to say "I'm sorry" over and over? That's an interesting reply?
In the same vein, I've never seen a writer responding to a bad review come out of it looking good, they always look pitiful; better to remain silent.
October 10, 2006 2:20 PM | Reply | Permalink
According to the Guardian/UK,
Click here for some interesting background on Bremer including his being a Kissinger protégé.
October 10, 2006 2:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
=== Sometimes forums get so venty/ranty ===
I have been hearing that word "vent" since I was about 11 years old (a looong time ago), and I regret to admit I have never understood what it is supposed to mean. _I_ argue forcefully for deeply thought-out positions based on superior understanding; _you_ vent.
I understand your point; I really do (although I noticed you neatly sideslipped my question as to whether the clerk who sells inferior goods bears any responsibility for working there). I am not sure that committing the United States to a war that had the potential to knock it out of Great Power status forever was really the right venue for credulous reporting though. And reporters above anyone should be vaccinated against the power of charisma and charismatic people.
sPh
October 10, 2006 2:26 PM | Reply | Permalink
Rajiv,
Nice work.
However, you neglected to mention Simone Ledeen.
Please tell us that you're not caving to the demands and/or threats nee rants of her father, Iran-Contra figure and noted Neoconservative mouthpiece Michael Ledeen.
Ms. Ledeen went from cooking school to the Green Zone. Out of the frying pan and into the inferno, and all the while, Baghdad burned.
October 10, 2006 2:28 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'm curious as to how Rajiv Chandrasekaran would respond to Dan Senor's op-ed in the Washington Post today. He argues that the top levels of the CPA were staffed with experts, even if the lower level positions were not. The failure, Senor contends, reflects the difficulty of the task, not the lack of relevant talent and expertise.
October 10, 2006 2:28 PM | Reply | Permalink
I believe that Garner was a temporary stop gap. As I recall, he was not interested in a longer appointment.
October 10, 2006 2:53 PM | Reply | Permalink
Not knowing Rajiv was going to be here today (I never read the advertising), I had caught the Si Senor? piece in the Washington Post today. I also wrote an entry in my blog, Logical Consequences, on this website.
I'm not Rajiv, but perhaps you'll find my take - and some of the background on Si Senor? - to be interesting and give you a better idea on how his WaPo piece was "framed."
October 10, 2006 2:59 PM | Reply | Permalink
The post-mortem is intellectually interesting but morally pointless.
The same flawed thinking that called for an unneeded invasion of a country guaranteed a flawed execution of the process. Note that all the transformative theories and worries about Saddam got nowhere until the crazies got their tool into the White House.
It was never going to succeed, as proposed.
October 10, 2006 3:07 PM | Reply | Permalink
Yes. If you read Fallows article in the Atlantic from fall 2002, in which he follows his usual procedure of talking with everyone who might know anything about the subject, he essentially predicted everything that has come to pass in Iraq.
How did he know...and not everyone else in the media?
But it's also true that the people didn't rise up in protest...much. There was a huge desire to believe that things were going to "work out."
When you consider the scale and cost of this disaster, it's hard to believe, but there it is.
October 10, 2006 3:15 PM | Reply | Permalink
I agree it is a difficult and impossible task to invade a country without stirring up an insurgency. See History of Imperialism 101.
Tom
October 10, 2006 3:24 PM | Reply | Permalink
I think commenters are criticizing the media in general and not attacking Rajiv personally. I understand that he is discussing his book here and I, too, thank him for posting. But discussion shouldn't be limited to only what is in his book. Rajiv is a reporter and editor in Iraq for a major newspaper that had a lot of influence on the path to Iraq.
I really do appreciate his exposing of this cronyism=incompetence that was part of the failure there. The cravenness of these political appointments is incredible, even for these guys. But why wasn’t this reported on before now? Why weren’t facts like this used to refute the lies, day after day after day for two years, about how great things were going in Iraq.
My only point above was that the blind faith in Bremer that the author describes is a continuation of the uncritical media “reporting” that took us there in the first place, and it is justifiable to discuss it in those terms. I like the idea of the encyclopedia of failures (maybe in volumes A to Z).
October 10, 2006 3:30 PM | Reply | Permalink
It's painful to see how the Bush administration and its right-wing allies tried to remake Iraq by hiring Bush loyalists to the CPA (Jay Hallen, John Agresto,Scott Erwin, an ice cream truck driver et al).
But it's equally frightening that the hiring of incompetent ideologues looks like a rehearsal for the Right's transformation of the US. Hire cronies (Michael "heckuva job" Brown, gut public goods by privatizing them (social security), reward big contributors who work against the public interest(pharmaceutical industries).
October 10, 2006 3:36 PM | Reply | Permalink
I agree, but to Bush they aren't "bad decisions." Has he ever admitted to being wrong....to making a mistake? He's always "staying the course"; good times are just around the corner.
October 10, 2006 3:39 PM | Reply | Permalink
They are, at least, very well able to take care of killing themselves for us.
Valdron, if you rate someone troll, common courtesy suggests you say why.
October 10, 2006 4:26 PM | Reply | Permalink
artappraiser. Your retail examples are not helpful as far as they go. A pro-active approach in dealing with an angry customer is far more preferable than the behavior you describe. Your response(s) tend to make matters worse as the customer perceives them as proforma at best and passive-aggressive at worst. The customer gets even more frustrated by this type of non-response.
October 10, 2006 4:35 PM | Reply | Permalink
Mr. Chandrasekara, Stuart Bowen, Inspector General for the recontruction of Iraq, reported that $9 billion of pre-war Iraq oil revenue in the custody of the CPA cannot be accounted for.
Have you ever talked to any members of the CPA staff about how the $9 billion was dispensed?
What I am looking for is a specific description. For example, was a certain amount of cash dispensed each week? Did the same CPA staff member handle the cash every week? Did the same Iraqis pick up the cash every week?
As a former auditor, I tend to think the $9 billion was misappropriated by CPA staff perhaps in collusion with Iraqis.
$9 billion is a huge amont of money and I think we owe it to the people of Iraq to give them a better accounting of exactly how the $9 billion was handled.
Any information yhou can provide would be greatly appreciated by me. The missing $9 billion has bothered me for more than a year and I do not understand why no one in Washignton DC has demanded answers from Mr. Bremer.
October 10, 2006 4:43 PM | Reply | Permalink
I'd like to hear a response to Mr. Campbell Brown, i.e. Dan Senor, who had a piece in WaPo today.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/10/09/AR2006100901036.html
He basically does the opposite of what you do, which is cite a few very qualified people who worked for the CPA and suggest that only a few people were in over their heads.
Do you think a few bad apples spoiled the whole bunch, or were a few incompetents inevitable, as Senor suggests?
He also accuses you of shifting opinions on what should be done in Iraq.
Also, do you really think it made any difference, and that there was really a possible plan that would have worked in Iraq? In hindsight, I think it's very hard to see how even the best possible plan, executed flawlessly, would have worked in the end.
October 10, 2006 5:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
Here's the thing, aa. I'm not a customer, and this reporter shouldn't be selling me a bill of goods. I have every right to be affronted by this tripe. I don't vent my anger at store clerks, or waitresses or pretty much anyone, for that matter, but this post took one hell of a lot of nerve - promote a war, believe in this administration in spite of all evidence to the contrary, and then state that you just don't want to discuss it. He had every opportunity to report this in real time and he had the duty to do so. I don't understand why more people aren't angry about this.
October 10, 2006 5:15 PM | Reply | Permalink
Senor is a hack, totally compromised by his connections.
See Mark Raven's blog.
October 10, 2006 5:20 PM | Reply | Permalink
Try not to dwell on the missing $9 billion, Mrs Panstreppon. As a former auditor and (retired) brain surgeon you must know that war is expensive, and a two-term War Presidency is particularly expensive. It costs lots of money to kill people and blow things up!
This site says the US has spent over $333,000,000,000. in the invasion and occupation of Iraq, so $9 billion is small time stuff.
The answer to your question will likely never be revealed by this, the most secretive, of recent administrations. Make believe they have put it in an endowment to provide for the care, rehabilitation, counseling and education of all the orphaned children, both American and Iraqi, who lost parents in this war.
October 10, 2006 5:55 PM | Reply | Permalink
For Bush's Brain, Karl Rove, and the Cheney administration, 'pulling it off' clearly meant kicking Democratic butt. War President. Mission accomplished on that score in 2004.
October 10, 2006 6:55 PM | Reply | Permalink
Stay the Course. Artappraiser. Bring 'em on. Smoking gun may be a Mushroom Cloud. Saving civilization. Smoke 'em out. Spreadin' God's gift of freedom.
Let's not spew simplistic hyperbole.
October 10, 2006 7:01 PM | Reply | Permalink
In a weird way I am fascinated by the psychological disposition of the legions of smart, educated liberals who believed we could "pull it off."
To me it was always completely obvious this could never work. I wish I could say "Man, that was some insight, wasn't it?" But I take no pride -- not because pride would be a misplaced feeling under the circumstances -- but because my conclusion always struck me as so embarrassingly obvious: like stating that 2+2 is 4.
And I debated with people who would say: But what about Japan, what about Germany? We pulled it off then! And I wondered to myself: how can those smart people be suddendly so stupid.
I had never witnessed such depletion of collective IQ in my life!
Why? I am only interested in people who meant well (like Rajiv). Not the Ledeens, Rummy, and sundry racist jerks who believe whatever crap fits their agenda.
Many good people believed that we could "pull it off." Why?
Why did the US elite got so dumb?
9//11? Panic attacks? Self-admiration? Plain hubris?
Now people apologize for being wrong. No! Everyone can be wrong without being stupid. Marxists were wrong but they were not stupid.
They should apologize for having been so incredibly stupid. And that's a little tougher to forgive.
October 10, 2006 7:03 PM | Reply | Permalink
Of course, the example is a bit flawed in that the people who founded say Google and You Tube are all twenty somethings who DO know how to run internet companies. Or at least make colossal ammounts of wealth by making excellent things.
I'm sure you can find occasional nuggets of gold in the refuse of loyalists, but like with the .coms, don't count on it.
Of course, under the horror of the last few years I remember the 90s as the blessed Golden Age. When our greatest concern was how big our SUV would be, we knew that eventually we'd solve that Mideast problem, and a benevolent sexually over-active man watched over us.
October 10, 2006 7:05 PM | Reply | Permalink
Great catch, Tom. There are far too many of Mr. Senors "connections" to list here. This is the money quote from Mark's blog:
Mr. Senor claimed that the Clinton Administration should be held responsible for George W. Bush's Rumsfeldian Follies in post-Mission Accomplished Iraq.
When neocons screw-up, they blame it on Clinton.
"...it was not always a given that the United States and America would have a close relationship." GWB, 6/29/06
October 10, 2006 7:40 PM | Reply | Permalink
You know, Steve, you should work three days as a reporter at a local paper. Just three days.
This sort of fatuous hostility towards competent and responsible journalists is increasingly prevalent, and increasingly infuriating. It is rarely supported by any real understanding of what a reporter does, or why.
"All governments lie, but disaster lies in wait for countries whose officials smoke the same hashish they give out." - I.F. Stone
October 10, 2006 7:44 PM | Reply | Permalink
Hello there everyone. Apologies for not responding sooner. As one of you rightly pointed out, I have a day job at The Washington Post, restricting the time I have to respond during the day. I'm also doing book-related events. (I was speaking at Georgetown tonight.)
To those wanting a response to Dan Senor's op-ed in today's Washington Post, stay tuned. Tomorrow's blog entry will be all about it. Rest assured, I've got plenty to say about it.
As for the approximately $8 billion in Iraqi oil funds that are unaccounted for, according to the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction, I don't know where the money went. If I did, or if the inspector general did, you can bet that you'd see some stories about it in the newspaper. That said, I'm not sure all of it was lost to corruption. The CPA had fairly shoddy accounting practices. (I write about how one contractor, Custer Battles, was given $2 million in start-up funds in shrink-wrapped bundles of $100 bills.) It seems that some of this money was spent on legitimate projects but the paperwork wasn't processed properly. It also seems clear that some of this money simply vanished. There were published reports in early 2005 that large sums of money were being spirited out of Iraq by members of former interim prime minister Ayad Allawi's government. To date, however, I'm not aware of anyone who has discovered where that money went.
Mark Raven, I enjoyed your response to the Senor piece. I didn't mention Simone Ledeen because she doesn't get more than a mention in my book. Others have written about her time in Iraq and I wanted to highlight the lack of qualifications of other CPA staffers.
For another rebuttal to the Senor piece, see this:
http://scoop.epluribusmedia.org/story/2006/10/10/43345/677
For those of you who take issue with my statement that I thought we could "pull it off," my response is that I am trying to be as honest as I can here. I know some will brand me as naïve for even thinking it was possible. (By "possible," I don't mean things would have been prefect. There still would have been an insurgency, albeit smaller and less violent, and there still would have been some tension between various ethnic and religious groups, but something far, far from the disaster that it is today.) But had the U.S. government done the requisite planning before the war, had the necessary resources been marshaled, had there been enough troops to prevent the looting, had more Iraqis been involved in the reconstruction effort, had there not been an open-ended occupation, had the Bush administration not sent a viceroy over there, had the U.S. government tried to quickly stand up an interim Iraqi government, had the Americans allowed Iraqis to hold local elections in 2003, had Bremer not issued his orders to disband the Iraqi army and ban many mid-level Baathists from government employment, had more skilled Americans participated in the reconstruction effort -- then, perhaps, Iraq might have turned out differently. All of the things I outlined could have been accomplished. It's just that the administration -- and it's appointees in Baghdad -- chose not to do them.
For those of you who are wondering why I didn't report this earlier, let me quote from my response to a similar question posed by The Post's ombudsman, Deborah Howell: "This wasn't a case of holding back the juicy details because it would make for a better book. Had I known how the CPA's hiring practices worked while I was The Post's bureau chief in Baghdad, I certainly would have written about it. But it wasn't something I learned about until I returned home and began working on the book. We should also keep in mind that the CPA was run much like the Bush White House. Reporters weren't allowed to troll the halls without an escort from the Strategic Communications Office. And even if you could get a CPA staffer alone, it was tough to determine what was really going on. Many of them were told, in no uncertain terms, that they were not speak to reporters without a minder present. It wasn't until many of those CPA staffers returned home to the United States that I was able to get them to open up to me."
For those of you who take issue with my initial views of Bremer, please read the book. I am very, very critical of Bremer, both his management style and the decisions he made. I feel that my critique has more honestly because it comes from someone who didn't begin with a snap-judgment that he was the wrong man for the job. I began by giving him the benefit of the doubt. Had he listened to the Iraqis, had he pursued different policies, had he approached the whole job differently, then his tenure would have been very different. At the time, it wasn't clear what he was going to do. Sure, he has issued the deBaathification order, but it was still early days. The United States still enjoyed goodwill and political capital among Iraqis. Of course, I didn't go soft on Bremer in my stories for The Post. But for the purposes of the book, I felt it was important to trace my views of the man too. Ok. More from me tomorrow.
October 10, 2006 7:49 PM | Reply | Permalink
The Galloping Ghostwriter, Dan Senor was an excellent report on Senor, Mark. Here is the link for those who want to read it.
"...it was not always a given that the United States and America would have a close relationship." GWB, 6/29/06
October 10, 2006 8:22 PM | Reply | Permalink
Mr. Chandrasekaran,
Thank you both for your reply and for your compliment.
Also, I read the marvelous piece at ePluribusmedia, which, I believe, does a superb job of providing a litany of facts to simple melt Mr. Senor's rather feeble argument. I would expect the Fox News crowd to eat up such a column.
Quite frankly, I am a bit surprised that the Washington Post editorial staff was not more diligent in this matter. I know. You are a member of the news department. Editorial is a separate division. More important, I would never ask you to blog ill of your employer. Not only would that be foolish, but I am a Post fan.
Perhaps I'll take up the matter with Howie Kurtz. We're very close, Howie in D.C. and I in upstate New York. So very close. Not in the Mark Foley sense, mind you. More in the Shootout at the O.K. Corral sense, Howie and I each armed with water pistols.
I could, of course, address this issue and Mr. Senor's numerous factual flaws with Post Ombudsman Deborah Howell. Ms. Howell and the general public do get along just so. Well, maybe not so well, but it never hurts to ask.
Imagine, to be reviewed by Ms. Howell! To be casually dismissed by the esteemed Ms. Howell, perhaps it's too much for such a humble upstate New York blogger to even dream. (chuckle)
Also, thanks for the information regarding Simone Ledeen. I knew Daddy Mike had been mighty upset, seeing his little cooking school co-founder questioned in the press. Glad to see that it didn't get you down.
Lastly, I've noticed that everyone from Ramesh Ponnuru (another pal of mine) to his National Review buddy and Ralph Peters's whipping boy, Andrew McCarthy, to David "Axis of Evil" Frum to Mr. Senor has stepped forward to denounce your work. All have used a litany of half-truths, innuendos, and fact-light accusations to present their point(s) in defense of Jim O'Beirne, Simone Ledeen, and the CPA. Do you think this may well be a case of the Neoconservatives protesting a bit too much?
October 10, 2006 9:32 PM | Reply | Permalink
Thank you very much. I always appreciate the compliment and any constructive criticism you have to offer.
October 10, 2006 9:34 PM | Reply | Permalink
RickB - Check Woodward's Denial.
I'm halfway throught Woodward and I have already learned alot about Garner, why they picked him, what he did do and why they no longer wanted him around. Until reading this book my picture of him was of not much substance and an easy flunky for the Administration. Instead from what I read he emerges as an activist in his sphere, sent to the task too late and still made some progress. He comes off as a man of integrity at the transfer to Bremer and Bremer comes off as petty.
October 10, 2006 9:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
Not an answer to where the oil money but here's Juan Cole on the Iraqi oil funds and the US reconstruction money: the US spent the Iraqi money and then infused $9B in reconstruction (rest of the reconstruction money went to security) so the US "investment" was $0.
Rajiv - Thanks for engaging in the discussion. Many guest contributors use this online forum to publish their views but aren't interested in the two way exchange.
October 10, 2006 10:20 PM | Reply | Permalink
The attack on you by Senor certainly piqued my interest. Why this attention? Is it connected to the fact that he and Bremer have recently tutored Mitt Romney on the real deal re Iraq? Wounded pride? Are you threatening his current billing status as an Expert?
After reading reviews of your book, I found myself hoping that the collaboraters on Syriana would snap up the film rights. Thanks to the thorough manner in which you paint the pictures of life in the Zone, there would be no credibility to accusations of taking cinematic licsense.
Speaking of reviews, my favorite is this one by a CPA employee hired to perform duties akin to Senor's:
"I had arrived in the five-square-mile area of Baghdad where I would spend over a year living and working, first as a press officer for America's occupation government, the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) and later as spokeswoman for the British Embassy. And so I entered the "Green Zone," as brilliantly dissected in Rajiv Chandrasekaran's fascinating and significant new book, "Imperial Life in the Emerald City – inside Iraq's Green Zone". This was the subject of Chandrasekaran's talk before a full auditorium at the Wilson School on Sept. 28.
A read which is by turns gripping, sobering, tragic and comic, Imperial Life in the Emerald City is an acutely observed and meticulously reported account of how the United States attempted to build an Iraq that would be a shining example of democracy and development in the Arab world, and why this failed. The picture it draws of American decision-making in Iraq is disturbing, and as a former CPA staffer, it is difficult to read the book without wincing.
Chandrasekaran was the Washington Post's bureau chief in Iraq both before the war and during the occupation, and I first met him through one of his regular visits to the "Strategic Communications" office in the Palace. His easy manner and disarming smile concealed his determination not to be put off by Coalition spin.
Chandrasekaran reported the book both using his notes from Iraq and from extensive interviews with former CPA staffers when returned to the United States. 'I like to joke that I gave people from the CPA some free therapy,' he told me."
http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/archives/2006/10/05/arts/16069.shtml
Congratualtions on the increasingly higher profiles of your enemies.
Hopefully, Chalabi is among them.
October 10, 2006 10:46 PM | Reply | Permalink
A quick point that, I hope, Rajiv will catch before tomorrow's post:
I've not yet read Emerald City, but I have read Rory Stewart's The Prince of the Marshes, which seems to show the very different approach taken by the British in southern Iraq. (The two may dovetail well.) Stewart had military and diplomatic credentials, with post-conflict work in East Timor and Kosovo; he'd just finished a long trek across Iran and Afghanistan; he was fluent in Persian and had enough Arabic to know when his translator wasn't being sufficiently accurate.
Even as a classic Foreign Office Arabist, he faced problems with the greater forcefulness and mobilisation of tribal and religious organisations compared to those wanting pluralistic quasi-democratic rule in Marsan. That said, he's also hopeful for Iraq's future, and has good words to say about some people in the CPA.
In short, the British appear to have treated post-conflict administration with the seriousness it deserved, but even that wasn't enough. Bremer's decisions didn't help, but without them, the tribal and radical elements appear to have been better prepared exert their power. Does that back up your reporting from Baghdad?
October 10, 2006 10:49 PM | Reply | Permalink
If comments are about the general "news media," they should be specified as such. There are at least 2 posts here directly questioning RC's reporting without actually looking at his reporting.
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 11, 2006 5:16 AM | Reply | Permalink
As one of you rightly pointed out, I have a day job at The Washington Post, restricting the time I have to respond during the day.
You're obviously new to blogging. Look, just tell your boss you're working on a spreadsheet, or something, and blog from work. That's what we do.
:-)
Thanks for your comments, and your time. Looking forward to the next post.
Dissent Protects Democracy.
October 11, 2006 5:32 AM | Reply | Permalink
It's hard to take seriously anybody defending a media which has been so unbelievably bad.
If you are under some delusion that the media is our friend, that the media has some interest in reporting the information that we need to know in order to make educated decisions about our government.
You are deluded.
The media has gotten so lazy over the years, they think reporting means sitting at your desk and waiting for the phone to ring with some juicy leak from a government political appointee. As such, all the government political appointtees use them. Call it the Bob Woodward syndrome if you want.
As such, the media is only interested in protecting their sources... i.e. whoever is in government. Supporting the status quo of power.
October 11, 2006 5:50 AM | Reply | Permalink
Garner was very abruptly fired and replaced by Bremer only six weeks into Iraq. There was no preparation of the media for his replacement. It came out of the blue.
I don't buy that it was based on his disinterest in a longer appointment. He angered the powers that "were" by trying to do his job effectively and was very suddenly canned for it.
Effectiveness and honesty always takes a back seat to ideological correctness and slavish loyalty to the leader in this regime.
October 11, 2006 6:30 AM | Reply | Permalink
Bronto, Thank you for your reply but I can't let the $9 billion question go and neither can the Iraqis, according to what Riverbend said in her blog.
My understanding is that the $9 billion was in cash and the Bush administraton had to arrange for the money to be released from the custody of the UN.
We have no idea if all of the $9 billion ever even reached Iraq.
L. Paul Bremer just blew the $9 billion question off by claiming that it was just too hectic to keep track of the $9 billion. Yeah, right.
I watched Bill Maher ask Dan Senor about it on his show last year and Senor just shrugged. I was furious because both Maher and Senor were smiling about $9 billion being stolen.
Here is Dan Senor's official White House bio:
"Dan Senor Former Advisor to the U.S. Presidential Envoy in Iraq Dan Senor, Former Advisor to the U.S. Presidential Envoy in Iraq Dan Senor served as a Senior Advisor to then-Presidential Envoy L. Paul Bremer III, Administrator of the Coalition Provisional Authority. Senor traveled to Baghdad in mid-April in one of the first civilian convoys to enter Iraq following the fall of the former regime. He advised Amb. Bremer on a variety of policy and communications issues. During Operation Iraqi Freedom, Senor was based at Centcom Headquarters in Qatar, where he was Director of the Coalition Information Center.
Senor has also served as a Legislative Aide, Press Secretary, and Communications Director for then-Senator Spencer Abraham (R-MI). Senor completed his undergraduate studies at the University of Western Ontario and Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He earned his MBA from Harvard Business School."
From Wikipedia:
Daniel "Dan" Senor is currently working as a crisis management and communications strategy consultant with his newly founded firm, Senor Strategies. Senor also appears regularly on Fox News. He previously served as spokesman and senior advisor to United States Presidential Envoy Paul Bremer, when he was Administrator of the Iraq Coalition Provisional Authority. Dan was born in upstate New York. He went to high school in Toronto, Ontario earned his B.A. from the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario and his M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and worked previously for the Carlyle Group (2001-2003). He also held a number of posts in the office of former Senator Spencer Abraham, R-MI.
In September 2004, the White House employed Senor to coach and ghostwrite the speeches of Iraq's interim prime minister Iyad Allawi during his visit to the US, in an effort to enhance the Bush reelection campaign. At the same time, Senor appeared on cable news programs asserting that Allawi's positive remarks (vetted by him) supported the Bush Administration's rosy view of the Iraqi occupation.
Senor married Campbell Brown, anchor of the weekend edition of The Today Show on NBC, on April 2, 2006, in Colorado [1]. His sister is Wendy Singer Senor, who runs AIPAC's Jerusalem office [2].
Senor's mother is a Holocaust survivor, and he keeps kosher. [3]
At one point, there was an announcement that Dan Senor would join Google as vice president of communications but that did not happen apparently.
Michael Ledeen's daughter, Simone Ledeen, was another member of the CPA.
I want to know the nuts and bolts of how the cash was dispensed.
Some questions:
How was the $9 billion converted to cash?
Where was the cash kept in the US?
How was it transported to Iraq?
Who had custody of the cash in Iraq?
Who physically handled the cash in Iraq?
Who counted the cash in the US and in Iraq?
Who approved the transfer of cash to an Iraqi?
What paperwork was prepared?
How often was cash dispensed? Monthly, weekly, daily?
What was the average amount of a disbursement?
How did the Iraqis transport cash from where it was stored to where it was disbursed?
Was cash dispensed to the same Iraqis over a period of time or different ones?
Was there a list of Iraqis who were approved to receive cash? if so, who apporved them?
Even if there is no papaerwork, L. Paul Bremer can answer these questions or he knows who could answer them.
One of my concerns is that the $9 billion could fund Republican efforts for years to come.
Don't think that it could not happen. James A. Baker and Madeline Albright tried to pull a fast one last year by setting up a deal with the Kuwaitis in which the Kuwaitis would benefit financially by being excluded from Baker's efforts to reduce Iraq's international debt.
Here on Long Island, two top school district officials just went to prison for stealing a lousy couple of million dollars.
If the Democrats refuse to investigate L. Paul Bremer and the CPA about the missing $9 billion, I will assume that some Democrats were in on the theft.
If the Democrats refuse to invesitigate, I would urge the Iraqis to hire some thugs to corner L. Paul Bremer and Simeone Ledeen in a dark alley and force them to give answers about the stolen $9 billion.
That $9 billion belonged to the Iraqis and the US had an obligation to ensure that it was spent for the benefit of the IRaqis, not L. Paul Bremer.
President Bush gave L. Paul Bremer a medal and I think I know why.
October 11, 2006 6:34 AM | Reply | Permalink
Bush has a psychiatric problem. It is my opinion that he is a person with a Narcissistic Personality Disorder.
The core problem of a Narcissist is that he can never accept a negative judgment of anything he does. Everything he does must be considered both correct, and superior to what other people could possibly do. Every action he takes then becomes focused on never being blamed for anything that is less than superior.
He avoids people who might judge him, and if he can't avoid them he projects the problems he is being blamed for onto them. Staying the course is just another of his defenses against recognizing a personal failure. He convinces himself that he didn't fail.
In his mind He saw the essence of the problem more deeply than anyone else possibly could have. (Grandiosity - the belief that everything he does is superior to what others might do. Adequacy is not enough. It has to be superior to what others do.) This has two logical effects as far as he is concerned. First, the decision was correct but is taking longer than others expected to come to the perfect fruition that he had planned (he modifies his memory so that this is what he remembers) and second, since he was correct in the decision and his critics disagree, it simply shows his innate superiority to them. They must be wrong, since he is their superior.
Since he was correct, obviously he can't change in midcourse, right? Just because he gets criticism, that shows that his critics are inferior to him. (This is grandiosity.)
Since his every thought and action is to defend his ego from any attack, and any suggestion that he was either less than perfect or was (unthinkable) wrong is an attack on his identity, then all of what we see coming from Bush is a set of identity-defensive actions. Admitting being wrong would be a major blow to his self-identity and he would go to extreme measures to avoid that. Changing course would be an admission of being wrong.
I suspect that Bush has a worse case of Narcissm than most. His family's wealth and power, and his father's status as President have allowed him to be protected from effective criticism, and also provided him with a set of synchophants who made personal fortunes by telling Bush what he wanted to hear. (Rove and Gonzales, anyone?)
I'd also suspect that he had real problems in the Air National Guard because of his Narcisism. Social defenses to avoid criticism don't work very well with an instructor pilot - and especially not with the plane itself. The alcohol and drugs are one method narcissists use to protect their identity from awareness of imperfection, but in the Air Guard I am willing to bet that he pulled a really idiotic stunt when flying, and couldn't get people to sweep it under the rug and let him keep flying. So he used all his resources to get out without the mistake becoming known.
I'd guess that he was able to mostly give up alcohol and drugs when he acquired a sufficient cadre of synchophants to feed his ego when needed. That would explain his conversion to fundamentalist Christianity at the time he stopped his drinking. (He certainly reduced it a lot, if not totally stopping it.)
He is in the same position of facing possible error now with Iraq and 9/11. But as long as no one credible points fingers directly at him and his supporters let him drift without blame, he will continue the course and try to blame someone else for his failures.
Narcissists aren't cured. Any cure has to include recognizing what the person has done wrong and then determining a better way of handling the problem of being less than perfect. That requires acceptance of being wrong and then analyzing it. But accepting being wrong is impossible for a Narcissist. All the defenses jump into play so that realistic self-analysis is impossible. Getting better requres that realistic self analysis, but that is too painful for a Narcissist. They avoid therapy and avoid insight. Frankly, Bush is a hopeless case. Among other things, he is too valuable to too many synchophants in his current mentally ill state to be allowed to get better, but Narcissists don't get better anyway. The defenses against reality are too strong.
I don't ~know~ that all of this is true, but it seems to me to hang together as an explanation for what we all see. Until I get some strong convincing evidence that disproves it, it will remain what I believe.
October 11, 2006 7:39 AM | Reply | Permalink
You’re absolutely right, CSCS. BevD’s initial comments confronted Rajiv about his reporting. Rajiv is a member of a media that has failed us in many respects but especially regarding this war. She is not attacking him personally but lets him have it regarding media’s regurgitation of the Bush spin of the war, pre- and post-invasion (and I appreciate her comments).
I think she asks a fair question about why more people are not angry about uncritical reporting on Iraq. That 70% of Americans at the start of the war believed Saddam was responsible for 9/11 is a scathing indictment of the press in this country. I (and other commenters) questioned Rajiv’s and WaPo’s acquiescence in broader terms of the entire media delinquency of its duty as a check on government.
October 11, 2006 9:26 AM | Reply | Permalink
OK, I'll bite. Can you give me a brief summary of what a reporter does, and why, particularly in reference to the reporting on Iraq in the 2002-2004 time frame?
Thanks.
sPh
October 11, 2006 11:39 AM | Reply | Permalink
Ha! I've been saving a list of Bush era cliches. I knew there'd be a time when they'd come in handy. Have fun.
git 'em
dead or alive
smoke 'em out
shock and awe
hearts and minds
roll up
connect the dots
spider hole
boots on the ground
can't let the terrorists make us change
embedded
chatter
breathin' down their neck
shaking the trees
stay the course
cut and run
keep terrorists on the run
it's hard work
stuff happens
stay the course
we're fighting them over there so we won't have to fight them here
in their last throes
the terrorists hate our way of life
take the fight to them
now is not the time
no one could have imagined
strategy for victory
clear strategy for victory
no artificial timetable
murderous ideology
shake our will
complete our mission
I'm the decider and I decide what's best
cut and run
milestone
a new day
a new chapter
fully understand
watershed event
turning point
addicted to oil
no one should think
blame game
heckuva job
October 11, 2006 1:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
Great list!!
Not cliches but lanuage deserving of Honorable Mention:
nucular
October 11, 2006 1:40 PM | Reply | Permalink
Unfortunately, the moronic powers that "were" are also the moronic powers that "be".
Tom
October 11, 2006 4:50 PM | Reply | Permalink
Great but did you miss the 2004 SOU?? link
bringing hope to the oppressed
delivering justice to the violent
called to great responsibilities
tracking terrorist threats
great works of compassion
outlaw regimes
come all this way — through tragedy, and trial, and war
tempting to believe that the danger is behind us
The killing has continued
hunting terrorists
on the offensive against the terrorists who started this war
two-thirds of their known leaders have now been captured or killed
remaining killers who hide in cities and caves
offensive against terror
people of Iraq are free
attack from the shadows
dealing with these thugs
building a new Iraq is hard, and it is right
the world is changing for the better
America is committed to keeping the world's most dangerous weapons out of the hands of the world's most dangerous regimes
I have had the honor of meeting our servicemen ...from the deck of a carrier in the Pacific to a mess hall in Baghdad
terrorists were still training and plotting in other nations
Some in this chamber.....did not support the liberation of Iraq
Iraq's torture chambers would still be filled with victims
America will never seek a permission slip to defend the security of our people
We also hear doubts that democracy is a realistic goal for the greater Middle East
God has planted in every heart the desire to live in freedom
forward strategy of freedom in the greater Middle East
confront the allies of terror
America is a nation with a mission
Our aim is a democratic peace
we rediscovered the courage
In victory, we have shown the noble aims and good heart of America
toughness for the long haul
momentum of freedom in our world is unmistakableWe can trust in that greater power Who guides the unfolding of the years
His purposes are just and true. Amen Brother!
October 12, 2006 5:50 PM | Reply | Permalink