Incompetence and Israel

As you may know, a while back I cowrote an article with my colleague Sam Rosenfeld called "The Incompetence Dodge." The subject was folks who supported the Iraq War, then came to recognize it was a disaster, and then came to blame its disastrous nature on the ineptitude of the Bush administration. This, we argue, is a mistake -- a dodge -- an effort to avoid culpability for the fact that the basic concept and premises of the war were mistaken.

As several readers have pointed out, we seem to be seeing a new variant of this as Israelis sour on Ehud Olmert in the wake of the Lebanon War. In this instance, I think the case against the "incompetence" theory is even clearer. Lots of people around the world suggested that Israel's campaign was ill-advised. And, to the best of my knowledge, absolutely none of us who said that made any reference to Olmert's competence or lack thereof in framing our critiques. Then the war turned out more-or-less exactly as the skeptics predicted . . . skeptics who had nothing to draw on but a general analysis of the situation.


Comments (95)

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Olmert didn't lie to his people about who the attackers were and what kind of weapons they had. For whatever reason, the Israeli capacity for outrage hasn't yet been overwhelmed. Americans could learn from them.

I think this "incompetence dodge" proves that Hawkishness is an ideology. The Ideology of War.


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-- All successful revolutions are the kicking in of a rotten door. (John Kenneth Galbraith) --

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You have to admit, that the incompetence on display is of a spectacular nature seldom seen by man or beast.

What those who defend the original decision as right, and merely complain of the execution, don't get... Is that it was all incompetence!

The reasoning and the decision to invade was as incompetent and bankrupt as all that followed. These people didn't start off as brilliant and then magically become stupid and inept.

They were stupid and inept all along. The key is that the lousy execution exposes and condemns the flawed and incompetent process, right from the beginning.

There's no use hanging onto the figleaf that they were smart. Or if it had been done right, it wouldn't have been screwed up.

If it had been done right by competent and intelligent people... well, if there had been competent and intelligent people, it wouldn't have been done at all.

No, this is just more bullcrap. It's part of the perpetual web of lies and evasions that Americans habitually use to justify their bad acts.

Here are three big one:

1) The other guy started it!

2) It was a noble cause!

3) We were stabbed in the back!

This thread merely discusses number 2. Well, number 2 is a good description of it.

End of story.

I did a couple of posts here in my TPM Cafe blog about the former mayor of Jerusalem and president of the New Jerusalem Foundation, Ehud Olmert. A lot of money raised in the US seems not to have been reported on the foundation's 990s.

I had some other questions, too, about the One Jerusalem Foundation, another right wing Israeli not-for-profit organization registered and operating in the US. The foundation's US headquarters are in Ronald Lauder's Estee Lauder offices in NYC.

One of these days, I'm going to get around to writing about how Ronald Lauder laundered money to the Likud Party in the late '90s through RSL Communications. The president of RSL was the former treasurer of the Likud Party and I suspect that sympathetic bankers intentionally loaned $2 billion to RSL, knowing it would go belly up.

I think Olmert is a very corrupt politician and I think the Israelis got just what they deserved for electing him in the first place.

Israel is a cesspool of corruption.

If the people who supported the military operations against Hezbollah are trying to say that they are still right and shouldn't be criticized because of Olmert's alleged "incompetence"...they are weasels who can't bear to admit they were wrong. 

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"the basic concept and premises of the (Iraq) war were mistaken."

According to Benjamin B. Ferencz, the lead American prosecutor of the Military Tribunal II-A (later renamed Tribunal II) to try the Einsatzgruppen Case the 'concept' for the war wasn't mistaken, the war itself may have been a crime against humanity. Benjamin B. Ferencz, who prosecuted and convicted 20 Nazi's of crimes against humanity in 1947 at Nuremberg, was quoted in this piece:

"Nuremberg declared that aggressive war is the supreme international crime," the 87-year-old Ferencz told OneWorld from his home in New York. He said the United Nations charter, which was written after the carnage of World War II, contains a provision that no nation can use armed force without the permission of the UN Security Council.

Ferencz said that after Nuremberg the international community realized that every war results in violations by both sides, meaning the primary objective should be preventing any war from occurring in the first place.

He said the atrocities of the Iraq war--from the Abu Ghraib prison scandal and the massacre of dozens of civilians by U.S. forces in Haditha to the high number of civilian casualties caused by insurgent car bombs--were highly predictable at the start of the war.

Which wars should be prosecuted? "Every war will lead to attacks on civilians," he said. "Crimes against humanity, destruction beyond the needs of military necessity, rape of civilians, plunder--that always happens in wartime. So my answer personally, after working for 60 years on this problem and [as someone] who hates to see all these young people get killed no matter what their nationality, is that you've got to stop using warfare as a means of settling your disputes."

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Someone above called hawkishness an ideology of war. We should stop being afraid to name the ideology: fascism.

With Democrats competing with Republicans to see how fast they can reverse the Bill of Rights, who can say we're far from it?

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As best I can tell the war in Lebanon did not turn out exactly as the skeptics predicted. Israeil unfortunately did not wipe out Hezbollah completely and given the far left's attitudes such a result would have been held unacceptable.

As for Iraq while the "competence dodge" is cute it is also absurd. There is likely that a campaign in Iraq with adequate troops and a realization of the issues involved, something many uniform military had, but Rumsfeld opposed, would have succeeded. Matt, as best I can tell you are for unilateral surrender against the growing danger of Islamic zealots. It is a totalitarian movement, regardless of whether we limit fascism to Mussolini's Italy. War is not a video game and cannot be done in week or two.

Israel could have obliterated Lebanon. Do you think that would have been more competent? If Schiff is right Israel should get out of the West Bank and retrain its troops to deal with both Hezbollah and Hamas in a more efficient manner. If you think Israel was tough now, wait.

Daniel A. Greenbaum

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A lot of people foolishly supported their own concept of the war, ignoring the actual Bush concept. You might call that the Tom Friedman gambit; you imagine the war and reconstruction you would like to see, and support that, while completely ignoring the actual war and reconstruction. As Friedman has demonstrated, you can keep up the Friedman gambit for a long time, imagining that a competently conducted war might be shimmering into existence even as we write, and the turnaround will be apparent in six months or so.

My own objection to the Yglesias formulation is that it is not forgiving enough, to be practical politics. The prodigal Friedmans must be welcomed back to the world of sanity, where we acknowledge reality for what it is, whenever they are willing to sober up.

The massive accumulation of evidence of Bush Administration incompetence on every level and in every way, shape and form is too useful, to simply be dismissed, even if it may be largely redundant confirmation of what those who were sober and awake could see from the beginning. It is useful, because eventually it becomes so mountainous that even Friedman cannot completely ignore it.

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The best thing about doing what ifs on history is that no one can prove you wrong. If we had only done this in Iraq, or if Israel (or Hezbollah) had only done this in Lebanon then...

If you don't like the way things have turned out then find someone who you think will do better now and in the future and put them in power.

It seems clear from recent statements on both sides of the Lebanon war that what happened was unexpected. Hezbollah didn't expect Israel to respond as hard (and effectively) as they did. Israel didn't expect Hezbollah to have so many missiles or to be able to launch them in the face of an air and ground attack.

Underestimating your enemy is one of the standard mistakes of warfare. WWI was supposed to take six months. What is clear is that the force being put into Lebanon will do nothing to stop a recurrence of a new war in ten years time. No policies have been changed, Hezbollah will be allowed to rearm and the local population will be helped/intimidated the same as before.

The real powers in the region like this state of affairs, it keeps people distracted and thus takes the focus away from the true dicatorships in Saudi Arabia, Syria, and the rest of the Arab states. Even the US and the west is happy with the present arrangement. It is easier to negotiate long term oil contracts with dictators than with democratically elected leaders.

Just look at what is happening in South America. Populist leaders are causing rewriting of existing resource contracts with the US. This never happened when they were banana republics.

--- Policies not Politics
Daily Landscape

Neither Iraq nor the Lebanon action turned out as I expected, but I think it is fair to maintain that inherent contradictions impeded both actions.

Easier for me to use Iraq---the invasion could have yielded a secured countryside and restored services if the troop levels and funding were possible. These were not possible because Iraq was not presented as a humanitarian intervention requiring fixing of the broken country. If Iraq was a threat only the threat mattered.

Israel needed to rout Hezbollah and buy some time and distance. This absolutely required the hard and dangerous work of ground troops. This was not politically possible at first, I guess. So what looks like incompetence is not exactly that but willful ignoring of reality for political purposes.

I don't take the "totalitarian" threat seriously. Even if some Islamists dream of a worldwide umma it's never going to happen by force of arms. And I do not get the impression that that is their dream. My understanding is that the dream is, at its grandest, a restoring of the Middle Ages extent of Islamic civilization. That is also not going to happen. What is achievable is a re-energized Islamic culture across the Middle East. That is the ferment occurring now.

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"There is likely that a campaign in Iraq with adequate troops and a realization of the issues involved, something many uniform military had, but Rumsfeld opposed, would have succeeded."

Greenbaum you idiot that is exactly the point. People like me listened to Shinseki in real time and understood that we did not at that point have adequate troops. Given American troop levels at the time Shinseki's testimony that it would require "several hundred thousand" troops was testimony that it could not be done at all. But people like you supported the invasion anyway. You can call my position "cute". I call yours complicit in the deaths of 2600 Americans. This result was predictable because it was predicted by the Chief of Staff of the Army and others, including me. Your claim that it would have worked if only we had sixteen divisions of extra troops from the Planet Optitron ignores the fact that we have effectively the entire combat forces of this country fighting in a small country in the MidEast to the point that they are recalling combat marines who finished their contracted active duty tours back for new rotations.

Isreal not only did not "wipe out Hezbollah completely" it looks like Hezbollah is in a stronger political position than ever.

It is one thing to say that ends justify means. But if the ends turn out to be unachievable and were predicted to be so in advance then persisting in justifying the means is equivalent to criminal complicity. Your comments about a "result" being "unacceptable" given the "far left's attitude" really means "if we had only been indifferent to the deaths of the civilians of Lebanon we could have wiped out Hezbollah". Yes if we had killed every person between the border and the Litani and took out the population of the Bekaa Valley and maybe dropped a nuclear bomb on Damascus we would have gone a long way towards wiping "out Hezbollah completely". Absent genocide this was doomed to failure and smart people understood that.

Matt, as best I can tell you are for unilateral surrender against the growing danger of Islamic zealots. It is a totalitarian movement, regardless of whether we limit fascism to Mussolini's Italy. War is not a video game and cannot be done in week or two.
This may be your perception of what Matt supports, but I am far less clear on what you actually support, save total acceptance of anything Israel cares to do. You speak of limiting fascism to Mussolini, and, of course, WWII totalitarianism was not limited to Italy. The selbstopfermanner and kamikaze (tokko) were, indeed, not Italian.
What I am unable to find in your "If you think Israel was tough now, wait" is a proposal of what they should, in fact, do in order to completely eliminate jihadist terror. From a military perspective, obliterating Lebanon might have been more to the point of the goal you describe, coupled with destroying any other people with a long tradition of bitterness and revenge. Some, indeed, might call that a policy of genocide. Care to be specific?
Do I think Israel was tough in Lebanon? That's not the word that comes to mind. Incompetent is one, irresponsible is another. Now, I will admit that Israel's intense censorship may have been one of its worst mistakes, but, from knowledge of what systems Israel has, the US doctrine for the use of the US-supplied systems against small volumes of artillery rockets, and the backchannel reports starting to come back from US military observers with access to IDF or the theater, I am appalled.
Counterbattery against the Katyusha/Grad attacks used inappropriate fires that both improved the chance of escape of the rocketeers, but increased the chance of collateral damage. If you believe otherwise, please explain how the AN/TPQ-36 or -37 Firefinder radar could have been better used, and why the counterfire came from tactical air rather than M109 howitzers firing airburst blast/fragmentation 155mm M107 projectiles. I guess I don't know about these things.
Also, explain why the ground troops seemed unprepared for urban use, at short range, of heavy antitank missiles, as the Chechens have been doing since 1999. Consider also the use of two-shot engagements against infantry under cover, the first to remove cover and the second with blast-fragmentation.
I see reports of the IDF bitterly complaining that Hezbollah used third-generation, thermal viewer night vision equipment, apparently because Israel believed it had a monopoly on such equipment. It seemed beyond their imagining the principles of operation of such equipment is known and could be duplicated, certainly by Iran and possibly domestically in Lebanon, or simply bought from Russia or China. When the US faced the significant threat of IEDs in Iraq, it threw resources at the problem, now at a multibillion dollar level. I don't, however, remember much whining.
It would be also interesting to see more elaboration of the disparity of damage, to a Saar (5?) corvette, of a Chinese or Iranian C-800 series antiship missile given the known threat. It is interesting that a C-700 class missile much better matches the circumstances, although, as with the USS Stark, it appears the ship wasn't in full defensive mode. In the case of the Stark, although damage control was heroic, the Captain, Executive Officer, Tactical Action Officer, and CIC Watch Officer were all relieved and disciplined. -- Howard

*equal opportunity offense to both extremes*

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Utter nonsense.

There is zero evidence that the US could have succeeded in Iraq, even if it had sent there the totality of its armed forces.

In fact it likely would have been worse.

It's got nothing to do with numbers.

(But blaming the numbers is a nice cop-out for the the pro-war type caught with their pants down.)

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My take from the get-go was that Israel's justifications for it's action against Hezbollah and how it was conducted were and remain valid and morally defensible, and the result is not a disaster for Israel, though Israelis, understandably, are bitterly disappointed with the shortcomings and failures of the military leadership.

Take a look at the results of the recent poll M.J. Rosenberg writes about elsewhere in TPMCafe. A majority (aggregate of strongly and lean-towards) now favor withdrawal to pre-1967 boundaries, ceding the West Bank. In the past I was against this outcome, but now I favor it, (with the usual hairball of reservations; it never works out exactly the way hoped for or as bad as feared).There is no clear military solution to any of the present dilemmas. Israel's future is cloudy to say the least, but not foreclosed. They or Tehran could always decide to go nuclear, but they need now to face the dire facts America and the Soviet Union did in the '50s and '60s.

The outcome of course will look much different, but Tehran and Tel Aviv, all reports to the contrary, remain more than not rational players historically, even under the Mullahs and the Likud. And "Dr. A." isn't (yet) the whole story in Tehran by a long shot.

If this sounds like optimism or expectation, it isn't. I think the best that can be achieved now is an interregnum where the regional players can ponder the possibilities as well as eventualities, since all of them are more or less bad. Nothing new.

Along with the incompetence defense is the “devil (U.S.) made us do it” defense. The Iraq and Lebanon wars had different geneses except that both were instigated by Israeli supporters. Now, I know that is a little hyperbolic because Israel did not lead us by the nose into Iraq. But neither did the U.S. compel Israel into bombing Beirut (Sharon and Olmert had demonstrated that they were not Bush’s puppets) as supporters contend.

I think it is correct that both were doomed policies to begin with. Both were immoral and illegal engagements in both their ends and the way they were prosecuted. It may be that in the modern global information era with 4th Gen warfare,might does not make right any longer.

When one country dons the mantle of the “legitimate” democracy and when one country does its killing with their “legitimate” conventional army and when one country labels its enemies as “illegitimate” terrorists, justifying their total destruction for that reason, and when one country uses collective punishment and profiling in the name of a “legitimate” self- defense, who is the totalitarian actor? Who is the terrorist?

I never thought of "incompetence" as some kind of excuse for failure. And if it was not incompetence what was it? Was it lack of foresight, and is that not within the purview of incompetence? I'm having a hard time accepting the notion that "incompetence" excuses the actors, or that they somehow deliberately got themselves into this mess with all knowledge aforethought; which would make them out to be delibearately self-destructive.

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The US could have done far better in Iraq if it had had a sensible and practical plan for the immediate aftermath of Hussein's fall. Greater troop strength is only a small part of what was needed. We should have kept the Iraqi army on, allowing conscripts to go home who wanted to while restricting the rest to their bases until Baathist operatives could be weeded out-- but keeping the soldiers' pay coming thus avoiding the "Frei Korps" problem that dismissing them en masse with no means of support created. We should also have secured all their munitions rather than leaving them freely available to anyone who wanted to start a guerilla campaign. And we should have had plenty and enough troops on hand to maintain public order in the fallen cities and adequete supplies to support the civilian populace for as long as necessary. Moving on a bit we absolutely should not have altered any of the Iraqi domestic arrangements apart from getting rid of Saddam's totalitarian laws-- but the Iraqi economy should have been left as it was, which is what international law demands in occupations. And as for Abu Ghraib and the other notorious prisons, after documenting their horrors we should have allowed the Iraqi people to tear them down and sow their foundations with salt-- not one more prisoner should have been held in Saddam's prisons; for our own purposes we could have used Saddam's palaces as jails instead, which would have been quite fitting, and most certainly there should never have been one single incident of torture or quasi-torture.
With these and similar common sense provisons matters in Iraq would not have ended up in thair current dire state.

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Not only that, it was a noble cause, and we were stabbed in the back.

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Good point. Incompetence is not excuse for failure, it is an admission of failure.

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With these and similar common sense provisons matters in Iraq would not have ended up in thair current dire state.

How do you know?

Your argument is "If we had done X, then Y would have happened."

That's not an argument. You have to demonstrate the logical implication. Your logical framework seems to be "well, it's common sense that..."

Common sense to whom? To generals and politicians how have no understanding of colonial history.

Anyone who's familiar with the US and has bothered to study the history of the region knows that it was doomed to fail, even with a million troops.

The Brits and the French tried and they failed and they were 100 times more competent than we are. (They actually spoke the language and lived there.)


Furthermore we live in post-colonial times when such enterprises are even more hopeless.

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That's an American thing. (Maybe Israeli, too?)

To be a total idiot excuses everything in America.

On the other hand, to admit that the US, in all its glorious omnipotence, is congenitally incapable of succeeding in projects like Iraq, now that would inexcusable.

Adjusting for obvious details, your sensible proposal has a great deal in common with the OPERATION RANKIN series of plans, developed for Eisenhower by the Chief of Staff, Supreme Allied Commander (COSSAC, Sir Frederick Morgan), especially RANKIN CASE C, the contingency for a sudden surrender or collapse of the Nazi military and/or government.

I wouldn't say it solved the Freikorps problem by continuing to pay the troops, but did that indirectly. Suspect troops were detained, but often run quickly through Denazification, and then given employment in the Occupation structure. Some of those jobs were police or police support, but remember that the fear of the Werewolf guerilla organization proved groundless. Had a German resistance to the Allies developed, after the surrender, it's certainly possible that the Allies might have used some former German troops in more aggressive security and paramilitary roles.

It's an interesting question: the Western Allies, at least, retained forces that could dominate any plausible resistance, but the US and UK were also moving troops for the expected invasion of Japan. Had the Pacific War not ended fairly soon, would competing manpower needs have been a driver to selective German remilitarization?

One can draw an interesting contrast/question between Germany (and, for that matter, Japan) and Iraq. While the WWII industrial plants had essentially been destroyed, there were still business structures and workers. Iraq's economy was far more dependent on the oil industry and government work. How quickly could meaningful economic development been stimulated in Iraq, assuming that the CPA and other "helpful" organizations and contractors stayed out of the way?
--
Howard

*equal opportunity offense to both extremes*

It seems to me that you can win a war only two ways.  One is if the government you are fighting is opposed by almost all of the citizens of the enemy country, so they will not interfere with your deposing that government, and can be trusted to quickly assume some responsibility in governing themselves once the hated governement is gone.   That wasn't the case in Iraq.

The second way is to utterly destroy the enemy nation, such as we did in WWII, so the remaining citizens want peace more than anything else, and will do just about anything to achieve it.  We didn't do that in Iraq, nor could we have done it without becoming even more despised war criminals.  It wasn't a possibility because the world knew that Iraq was not in any way a threat to us.

Therefore, the invasion of Iraq was doomed to fail.  It was the decision to invade that was incompetent, not the execution of the invasion. 

Hoppy in Sacramento

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Bingo!

It's just that the incompetence of the occupation obscures that little fact.

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Oh, it's even worse. Even your second option wouldn't have worked because we've managed to ignite war along the Islamic religious fault lines. We've got Sunnis flooding in to help the Sunnis and Shias flooding in to help the Shias. We're at odds with both the Al Qaeda Sunni types and the Shia Iranians. We're equipping an Iraqi army largely segregated by religion custom designed for civil war. Unless our grand design is to get the entire Islamic world fighting a religious war, I don't know what our plan is.

 "Unless our grand design is to get the entire Islamic world fighting a religious war, I don't know what our plan is."

Bluebell, I'm sure you will be surprised to find that you and Bush have something in common. 

Hoppy in Sacramento

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I don't believe it was "doomed to fail" (which by the way is something you simply assert without the slightest proof as well.) It's not as if no one has ever invaded, conquered and pacified this part of the world sucessfully. Indeed, the list of folks who have pulled that off is a fairly long one, including such luminaries as Cyrus the Great, Alexander, Trajan, the first Caliphs of Islam, and the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman.
On the larger question though let me state that I would not have supported the war even with 100% guarantee of success as I believe that is has cost us too much (and a successful war would have cost us far more), in money, in blood, in the world's good opinion, and in lost flexibility in our foreign policy in general.

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It raises a counter-intuitive point that there is a gray zone: the difficulty of the operation is much higher than, say, Grenada or Panama, and yet the significance is low enough that it does not justify a national mobilization of resources. I hope that would the Republic be in some dire straight we could send several hundred thousand troop. But the threat from Saddam did not justify the total screwup of the national budget etc.

In the case of Hezbollah, they do not present much of a threat to Israel except that they pose a threat of somewhat massive retaliation, say, would we bomb Teheran. OK, so bombing Teheran should be moved to the category "only under most dire circustances", but it is so anyway. However, Israel could inflict on Lebanon damage that is many times larger than Hezbollah could do, and Lebanon will shrug it off if she will get adequate foreign aid. Hezbollah has zero potential to present a credible danger as an invador. So Hezbollah was not worth sending 100,000 troops to Lebanon who would chase them to the last bunker, with several thousands of fatal caualties etc. But a more minor operation does not "eradicate them".

What I am trying to say is that from "real-politik" perspective it is worth to go an extra mile and avoid a war in the "gray zone", or make it a very limited exhibition of force. Israel could easily arrange it that ceasefire would be "forced" in her much much sooner. This extra mile could involve negotiations with parties that we announced that we will never negotiate with -- to wit, with Hezbollah.

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Oh, "The British tried"! No doubt by that logic we should never have considered going into Afghanistan either. Yet despite the current fuckups in the rebuilding of that nation, it went far better than those who held the British experience demonstrated an iron law of the universe ever allowed it could.

As for the French, please. At what point in history would you suggest that France demonstrated competence as a military or colonial power? Charlemaign doesn't count. Napoleon got a running start and failed miserably. Algeria?

In the scenario of (1) depose Saddam, (2) let Kurdistan be independent, (3) have enough troops immediately to prevent the massive looting and chaos, (4) set up a government fast, (5) leave ... you cannot be sure that wouldn't have worked, and worked brilliantly. Oh, _you_ can be sure it wouldn't. But there is no law tying your personal sureness to any iron laws of history.

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If we have to go back to Cyrus the Great, I rest my case.

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North Africa was colonised for 130 years and the French actually built infrastructure and institutions, something the US seems utterly incapable of doing.

Are you ignorant or just trying to pretend you are?

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Bryan Lee, 20 june 2006 TPM Cafe

Who is saying Hezbollah has been crushed, If anything they have been empowered, dispersed, and will simply regenerate and morph. Doing the simplist of math this current action is just intolerable. 2 kidnaped soldeirs = multibillion dollar damage and 500,000 homeless/displaced, not to mention the largest evacuation since WW2 which is just chilling. Let none of us forget the history of these kinds of actions, The one's that have brought us here today. None of us wish to have our children live in fear, Not in Israel, Lebanon, or New York. Israel has gone in and destroyed the place and expect the UN to now move in as the new police force to hold the ground, This will never work, never has, never will. Oh the bill for such things, Who will pay?

 

 

My comment to Rachel Klienfield on 20 June back when the majoity belived this outrage was such a great idea and when she suggested Hizbollah had been crushed.

If this is what they are saying about Ehud Olmert now, What are they "The American People" going to be saying about George Bush in 2 years or when the truth finaly comes out and is known to everyday commen folks about our middle eastern fiasco?

Even Bill Maher has been warmongering the attack on Lebanon, I find it so strange that so many people who I ordinarily would agree with took the ball and ran into the fire on this illadvised action.

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Hmmmm....

Currently in Afghanistan: The Taliban controls somewhere between 1/3 to 1/2 of the countryside. Warlords run the rest. Hamid Karzai is the ruler of certain buildings in Kabul during office hours on weekdays and depends on American bodyguards. Opium production has skyrocketed and Afghanistan is now the worlds number one producer of Heroin and a major Narco-state. Meanwhile, Osama Bin Laden has the run of the place. Foreign aid workers are being killed off once in a while. There's no economy, no infrastructure, and only bribes holding a relative peace together.

Yep. The British lasted longer and did better.

Don't diss the French laddy, the only reason you've got a country at all is that they weighed in on your side.

Finally, figuring out how you would have won Iraq is one of those little pointless exercises that Americans love to indulge in... See: "How the South could have won the civil war" and "How America could have won Vietnam".

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Asymetry in war stems from asymetry of goals.

Winning a war is not hard if you have a different concept of victory than "winner takes all".

To connect with Matt's question, there are two kinds of competence. The first is to choose the goal, the second is to proceed.

I have a learned historical monograph, Why the Confederacy Lost the War. It examines things at the strategic and tactical levels (operational art really wasn't well developed).

Appropriately, the Battle of Gettysburg gets a chapter. Apparently, a contemporary historian was able, after the war, to interview George Pickett about what went wrong. Was it Longstreet's slowness in ordering the charge? The absence of Stuart's cavalry? The odd, early Confederate reluctance to take flanking positions?

Pickett scratched his head a bit, and mused, "You know, I always thought the Yankees had a lot to do with it."
--
Howard

*equal opportunity offense to both extremes*

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You can rest anywhere you like. However Cyrus was simply the first in a long list. Mesopotamia is actually a rather easy place to conquer (as compared to say, Vietnam which has never been an easy mark).

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Re: It may be that in the modern global information era with 4th Gen warfare,might does not make right any longer.

Did it ever? And as for this hypothetical "4th Gen warfare" it's nothing new under the sun. Napoleon had a similar problem in Spain, as did the British in Afghanistan.

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Re: At what point in history would you suggest that France demonstrated competence as a military or colonial power?

Well, they did win the 100 Years War. And they came out on top in the 30 Years War. And then there was the French Revolutionary War and a guy called Napoleon.

Daniel,

given the far left's attitudes

Stopped reading at this point, and troll-rated.

Bruce Webb,

Greenbaum you idiot

Stopped reading at this point and troll-rated.

Will anyone ever call the UN on its incompetence?  Or is there a better word to describe a charter no one wants to live up to?

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"Bad intelligence" is the new Israeli excuse-- I hear it over and over again.
Same mistakes and same excuses. What is amazing that they happened in such a short time.

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Well, what do we expect out of the UN? It is an organization which has no resources except that which the member states contribute, which has no independent authority to enforce its will (which turns out to be a very good thing for Israel, most of the time) and which explicitly gave a veto to each of the major powers that had come out of WWII.

The flaws that you complain of were imposed deliberately and be design. I don't think you can fault the UN for incompetence, because it is constrained by limits that we all imposed.

You're angry with the UN because it doesn't solve a particular problem the way you want it to be solved.

Well, yes, I agree that perhaps the UN should have this power. Perhaps the UN should have had the power to intervene on its own in Rwanda, rather than relying on member states and particularly the United States. Perhaps there should be no veto.

But then, would you want the UN interfering in the Bush/Gore election of 2000? That's the other side of it.

You are upset that a UN ceasefire is not being implemented in exactly the way that you would like. That's too bad. But at the same time, there are a number of UN resolutions calling for action on Israel's treatment of the Palestinians or previous misconduct in Lebanon. In that case, it was to Israel's apparent benefit.

Ultimately, the UN cannot and will not solve all problems. It wasn't designed to do that. Ultimately, it can't contest or meddle with Superpower business, and that's by design.

On the other hand, it has arguably been a more valid and more hopeful vehicle, and has done a lot more good on more levels than the League of Nations. And frankly, its continuation and use suggests its a valid entity.

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Where did Napoleon show colonial competence? Not in Spain, or Egypt, or Palestine.

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Take a look at the results of the recent poll M.J. Rosenberg writes about elsewhere in TPMCafe. A majority (aggregate of strongly and lean-towards) now favor withdrawal to pre-1967 boundaries, ceding the West Bank.

Could you be more specific? I found a post in which M.J. Rosenberg writes about a poll, and it says nothing about the 1967 borders.

It says '9% [for] unilateral evacuation of a majority of settlements.'

That doesn't sound like much support for withdrawal.

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Napoleon was ultimately defeated but it took all of Europe working together to do it. No individual European country, not even Russia or Britain could do it alone. And even in Spain Joseph Bonaparte did sit on the Spanish throne until his big brother was shuffled off to Elba.

Guerrilla fighting is not new, but I think guerrilla fighting with modern techniques and technology have upped its effectiveness exponentially and the Hezbollah just demonstrated that.

The phrase is "might makes right." Of course, I didn’t mean to imply that might was morally right in the past, only that might almost always prevailed. The strongest empires were right because they could annihilate anyone who claimed otherwise. This seems to have changed. The powerful U.S. government and the great U.S. corporate media could not completely propagandize this conflict.

I’m suggesting that when the playing field is truly leveled, then tactics and execution are only excuses, not reasons for losing the war. Israel could not destroy Hezbollah, but I don’t think that was what they lost in this battle (I don’t think that could have been accomplished anyway). They lost because they created a whole new population and future generations of Muslims who oppose their hegemony. Perhaps, ‘right makes might’ will become the new paradigm.

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UN is everyone, and hence no one.

UN is a forum etc. The last time I checked, USA is a member and we can exercise influence. The advantage of UN is that it provides a systematic framework to cut diplomatic deals that would be very difficult to achieve otherwise.

Now, it is not quite true that UN is a charter that "no one wants to live up to". WE do not want to live up to it, and being the biggest fish in the pond, we give the example to everyone else, and THEN we complain.

The typical complains about UN are

a. UN is sluggish in reacting to a crisis that WE do not want to react to -- say, Darfur

b. UN is not serious because fellow members of Security Council are not enchanted with a crackpot idea of ours

c. UN gives a forum for complains about Israel

d. UN is corrupt, for example, the corruption in food-for-oil program reached ca. 10% of the graft that happened when WE were in charge of reconstruction programns in Iraq (10 billions of our money, and many billions of Iraq's oil money are unaccounted for)

e. UN gives a forum to compains about our human right abuses and it does not focus sufficiently on abuses of, say, Sudan.

I do not see a single complain that is not outright unreasonable or that could not be addressed with our better conduct and better diplomacy.

While I recognize the realities of the UN rarely having resources, they had boots on the ground, with a very competent commander, in Rwanda. Gen. Dallaire requested repeatedly, before the mass killing started, to confiscate weapons and to take control of key radio stations. These actions were within his capabilities, although there were objections from assorted local factions when he tried to talk them into the desired action.

New York UN headquarters repeatedly refused him the authority to take these preemptive yet precautionary actions, which had a very low risk of casualties. Once the fighting started, using the weapons he tried to take and being coordinated over the radios he tried to take out of service, it was too late.

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Howard

*equal opportunity offense to both extremes*

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Hmmm... Well, Napoleon defeated the Ottoman Empire and the Mamelukes in Egypt. He defeated the Prussians a half dozen times, the Austrians, the Spanish. He best the Russians. Even the English made peace with him. The Napoleanic Wars are known as Wars plural, because there were so many of them. Indeed, America's War of 1812 and the attempt to suppress Haiti's rebellion and independence could be considered part and parcel of the Napoleanic wars.

The truth is that the Napoleanic regime, and the French revolutionary regime before that, fought and conquered more or less the whole of Europe repeatedly, and fought just about every significant army in the world at that time to at least a standoff before it was finally beaten down.

That's not bad, considering the forces arrayed against them. The United States never faced such enemies, and its history is confined almost exclusively to beating up on marked inferiors, even in WWII.

So, Xenophobia is all right in its place. But the French have some pretty respectable and ferocious history behind them. And its history of real accomplishments, real victories and defeats, rather than self serving little adventures like the Spanish American war.

The "Competence Dodge" is indeed a dodge because the false assumption built in is that through competent prosecution of war we could achieve our political ends in Iraq. It was obvious before the first American shock and awe bomb hit a Baghdadi neighborhood that the probability of success in Iraq was hovering around zero. The fools in our government (and their sycophants in the media and elsewhere) are still confused about the appropriate and effective use of their awesome military might, enchanted as they are by the fantasy that their bombs and force can build anything positive. Our overpowering military power can be used successfully against other military forces, armies and such, as in Kosovo or Gulf War I, but will never ever be effective in social and political fights such as we are in the middle of in Iraq, and suffered through in Somalia and Viet Nam.

Our leaders' incompetence is not in failed military tactics, it is in their utter inability to understand the real world limits of their power. Perhaps their most profound blindness is in failing to realize that the enemies they wish to engage, the "terrorists" (not the Iraqi or Lebanese civilians), fervently wish for the US and Israel to launch everything they have, because all the terrorists have to do to win the political battle is be able to stand up after the dust and smoke clears.

The "terrorists" are waging and winning a psychological battle in which any military response may actually help their cause more than it damages it. Americans (and the Bush Administration) are still hypnotized by the false promise of precision munitions and other power-addled fantasies, lost in the dream that by supporting our troops in a futile war we will somehow overcome the overwhelming evidence that what we are doing is not working to our advantage. American strategists seem completely flummoxed by the psychological dimensions of the Middle East struggle, and thus they lose the political battle for the civilian hearts and minds that eventually will determine the outcome there, long after all the soldiers have returned to their bases.

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Most opinions of the UN that I've come across fall inbetween that its incompetant/ineffective but a good start, and that its incompetant/ineffective and thus useless.

My opinion is that it took some 200-300 years for the nation-state system to cover the globe. And even now, the kinks in that are being worked out. We've had the UN for 50 years, give the international system another 100-200 years and it might very well be presentable.

yeah like picking of the fragile organization that is the UN is contributing constructively to the debate. Sounds like a non sequitur to me.

Sorry, that just didn't parse for me.
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Howard

*equal opportunity offense to both extremes*

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Actually the "skeptics" understood about as much on what Lebanon was about as the "dodger" liberal hawks did on Iraq - very little.

Rather than repeat myself I'll just link to my post in another thread on the actual results of the Lebanon war on its actual target - Israeli public opinion

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Why is all the blame landing on Olmert, when really the lion's share clearly lies with the IDF? Reliable sources tell us that this war was planned a year in advance. The main thing Olmert did that you can complain about was delay sending in a massive infantry force. There is only one reason I can think of that he did this: he was told at the beginning of the war that it would not be necessary; that an air war and a small ground operation should easily take care of Hezbollah.

If this wasn't what he was told, he clearly deserves blame. But it seems to me that all indications point to his having been told this. In that case, there are two possibilities. Very likely, the IDF was completely off-target about Hezbollah, which points to massive incompentence. The alternative is that they lied to him, which is clearly treason.

Probably was "yeah [,] like [as if] picking o[n] the fragile organization that is the UN is contributing constructively to the debate."

Makes me think of the linguistics professor maintaining that some languages use a single negative, some use a double, some use a double negative to mean a positive, but none uses a double positive to mean a negative. At this point he hears "Yeah, right."

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The voice in the audience was Sidney Morgenbesser, late of Columbia's philosophy department, and it was, "Yeah, yeah." Only one of many of Morgenbesser's claims to immortality.


Way off topic--I realize--but I did not hear about this before even though it is dated August 11th. Hope I'm not breaching some basic etiquette here. Thought you guys might appreciate it.

A Ruse to Save Blair’s Political Ass?
Wayne Madsen
Report August 11, 2006
According to knowledgeable sources in the UK and other countries, the Tony Blair government, under siege by a Labor Party revolt, cleverly cooked up a new "terror" scare to avert the public’s eyes away from Blair’s increasing political woes. British law enforcement; neo-con and intelligence operatives in the United States, Israel, and Britain; and Rupert Murdoch’s global media empire cooked up the terrorist plot, liberally borrowing from the failed 1995 "Oplan Bojinka" plot by Pakistan- and Philippines-based terrorist Ramzi Ahmad Yousef to crash 11 trans-Pacific airliners bound from Asia to the United States. In the latest plot, it is reported that liquid bombs were to be detonated on 10 trans-Atlantic planes outbound from Britain to the United States.

The London terror plan was "known" last Sunday by British and American authorities, according to the Indian press. American Airlines flight 109 from London Heathrow to Boston boarded a family of five, however, after the plane left Heathrow authorities determined that the father appeared on a British suspect list drawn up after the 7/7 London transit attacks. At first, the pilot was instructed to fly all the way to Boston where U.S. authorities could claim credit for apprehending the suspect. However, the pilot, fearing for the safety of his passengers and crew, refused and quickly returned to Heathrow without informing the passengers. Once on the ground, it was discovered that the male had in his carry-on baggage the type of combination liquid explosive and electronic device now being hyped by the British and American media.

British sources report that the reason for the delay in informing the airlines and traveling public about the liquid bomb on the American flight was to maximize the beneficial political impact for Blair and George W. Bush, both plummeting in the polls from the situations in Iraq and Lebanon.

Earlier this week, two employees of Murdoch’s London tabloid, News of the World, were charged with hacking into the voice and text cell phone messages of three members of the staff of Clarence House, the residence of Princes Charles, William, and Harry. One of those charged with the wiretapping was Clive Goodman, the Royals editor of the News of the World. The same paper earlier tried to politically damage two anti-Iraq war British politicians -- Scottish Socialist Tommy Sheridan and Respect Party MP George Galloway. The paper charges that Sheridan was unfaithful to his wife by going to swinger’s clubs. He won a quarter million dollar lawsuit against the paper. Galloway was confronted by Mazher Mahmood, an individual who uses the moniker "Fake Sheik," who posed as a wealthy Arab businessman and tried unsuccessfully to get Galloway to accept cash and make anti-Semitic remarks. In fact, Mahmood was and continues to be a reporter for News of the World, his continued employment approved by Murdoch. Goodman has merely been suspended by Murdoch but he has not been fired.

However, what prompted Murdoch and Blair to hype a new global "terror" threat was what Murdoch learned from eavesdropping on the phone calls of Prince Charles’ staff at the future king’s office, home, and limousine. The eavesdropping revealed that Charles was working with Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown, who is to the left of Blair, to conduct the same type of political maneuver that John Major used to oust Margaret Thatcher from office. London’s left-wing Mayor, Ken Livingston, was also in on the Charles-Brown plan and it was expected that in return for his support, Livingston would get a senior position in a Brown cabinet -- a development that sent shock waves through the neo-con circles in London, Washington, and Jerusalem, including British Home Secretary John Reid and Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff. The Charles-Brown plan was briefed by Blair to Bush during the former’s recent visit to Washington. However, because the phony terror plot was known to both leaders -- they decided to be away on vacation when the terror plot was "uncovered." Bush is vacationing at his Crawford, Texas "ranch," while Blair is on vacation in Barbados, staying at Sir Cliff Richard’s luxurious villa.

After Blair met with Bush in Washington, he flew to California where on July 30 he attended Murdoch’s News Corporation private corporate executive conference at the posh Inn at Spanish Bay golf resort in Pebble Beach. Blair met with Murdoch, Israeli former Prime Minister Shimon Peres, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Newt Gingrich, and various Fox, Star, and Sky News executives. The final touches were agreed to by Blair and Murdoch on how the fake terror plot would play out in Murdoch’s media empire.

Blair told Bush that a Brown government would move to withdraw British troops from Iraq, break the "special relationship" with the Bush White House, and move closer to the European Union and the United Nations.

The Israeli attack on Lebanon created a rift within Blair’s Cabinet with some former Blair loyalists signaling their support for the political coup against Blair. As a result, a suspect passenger was permitted to board an American aircraft at Heathrow with a liquid bomb to lay the groundwork for the media and travel hysteria five days later.

The wiretapping of Charles’ messages also indicated that he has weighed in with various European royal families to discourage them from inviting Bush on state visits to their nations. This, reportedly upset the Bush and Blair regimes, who were working together to improve Bush’s image in Europe. The White House’s displeasure with the monarchies in Spain, Belgium, Sweden, Luxembourg, and Norway are a direct result of the Murdoch eavesdropping on Charles’ staff.

Not surprisingly, after Galloway tore into a Sky News reporter on a recent televised interview, The Sun, a Murdoch paper, is now reporting that one of the 24 British aircraft liquid bomber suspects now under arrest, Waheed Zaman, met with Galloway "many times." The paper quotes the sister of the suspect. A Galloway spokesman denies that Galloway knows the suspect. What is suspect is the Murdoch media empire that makes up news and commits illegal acts to provide cover for the false flag operations being conducted by Britain, the U.S., and Israel.

Pakistan’s Inter Service Intelligence (ISI) agency has helped provide the cover story for the alleged liquid bombers. Working with British and U.S. intelligence, the ISI says it broke up the plot after arresting terrorist suspects in Lahore and Karachi. However, the ISI claims that the men were affiliated with the Kashmiri terrorist group Lashkar-e-Toiba, a group that is run and funded by the ISI itself.

The disclosure of the Charles-Brown plot has already created a backlash from the neo-cons. The Murdoch media is already floating the rumor that Home Secretary Reid is now Blair’s chosen successor, while there will be an effort to scandalize Charles in an effort to convince the British public that it would be best to skip over him and have Prince William assume the throne upon Queen Elizabeth’s death or abdication.

British commentators are noting that it is Reid, a noted neo-con, who is chairing national security "Cobra" meetings in Blair’s absence. Blair bypassed Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott and many political observers believe that Prescott was passed over because of evidence that he was involved in supporting the Charles-Brown coup. Prescott chaired Cobra meetings in the wake of the July 7, 2005 (7/7) London transit bombings.

Meanwhile, Republican governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Mitt Romney used the occasion to boost their sagging popularity by placing their states’ National Guardsmen at major airports in their states. www.waynemadsenreport.com/ Last updated 12/08/2006

By : anti guerre
August Saturday 12th 2006

Isn't it a classical textbook trope - irony?

A panicky commuter approached a hippy at a bus stop and asked: "The uptown busses run all night?" The hippy answered: "Doo dah, doo dah. "

Neoboho

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But who is that "UN" that denied the request of General Dallaire? "Headquarters" or important member states like ourselves? It is not like we were begging other members to approve that request.

One can even surmise the reasons why the request was denied. It the optimistic scenation, the genocide would be prevented but UN would be a referee in a bloody central-African civil war. Should UN prevent the invasion of Tutsi exiles and preserve the power of the majority -- a rather genocidal majority -- or acquiesce, and preside over a dictatorship of an ethnic minority.

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Frankly, I don't think I understand Matthew's point at all. As best as I can make out, he seems to be running together certain narrow and controversial criticisms related to competence in military command and execution with quite valid general charges about broader executive competence and accountability.

Israel just made a series of very bad mistakes. They appear to have miscalculated the global political response to their assault on Lebanon, miscalculated the response of states and people in the region, miscalculated the response within Lebanon among the Lebanese people and government, misjudged the military capabilities of Hizbollah, misjudged the time frame needed to accomplish their war aims, miscalculated the diplomatic window of opportunity they would have available to accomplish them and miscalculated the human and military costs of accomplishing them.

Now, it is true that there are some who believe the war would have gone better for Israel if there had been better execution. And there are others who think the whole thing was a bad decision that was doomed from the outset. But in either case, it is undeniable that there were failures in decision-making at the top level, along with and including failures in intelligence, in political judgment and in diplomatic judgment.

Typically, when a state decides to launch a war, and the war then goes badly leaving the state in a worse situation diplomatically and militarily than it was prior to the war, the head of government is sacked. Olmert is the man who is chiefly responsible and ultimately accountable for the state decisions taken during the war and for the decision to go to war in the first place. So I fail to see how it is a "dodge" to charge him with incompetence and seek to replace him.

The last issue Matt raises about what the war's opponents might have predicted before the war, and whether their predictions did or did not make reference to Olmert is a goofy piece of self-indulgent irrelevance. I suspect Israelis are more interested in whether their government has performed well during the last couple of months, and are somewhat less interested in which American bloggers get bonus points for their predictions.

On a separate point, I am glad to see that foreign affairs are being discussed in at least a few places at TPM Cafe. It is now ten days and counting without a post at America Abroad - which I think is a record, even for them. It's a good thing nothing important is happening in the world.

By all accounts, "Headquarters" as in military officers on the UN staff in New York. Do you have any evidence that it even went to member states?

I certainly hope not, as Dallaire was describing things that had to be done in hours or short days. If that sort of decisionmaking has to form a consensus among members, the UN is utterly useless for peace enforcement. Symbolic peacekeeping, perhaps, but if this was really the case and it wasn't fixed, under no circumstances would I ever support the placing of potentially active operations under UN operational control. The UN, incidentally, did not have operational control (a term of art with specific meaning) of the forces in the Korean war.

Your surmises are relevant only if, indeed, operational decisions were being made on political grounds. If there is anything of substance to them, I become even more convinced that the UN, using "peace enforcement" as a more appropriate term than "referee", is a useless organization for creating peace where the participants haven't already decided they want it.

Your surmise leaves no meaningful role for the UN in Africa. While the humanitarian operations of the UN World Food Programme have been relatively effective in Darfur, I am quite opposed to replacing the African Union with UN forces. The African Union may need support and training.
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Howard

*equal opportunity offense to both extremes*

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Napoleon defeated the Ottoman Empire and the Mamelukes in Egypt.

The Egyptian campaign failed. Are you counting it a victory for Napoleon because he abandoned his army and left it to another to do the honors of surrendering?

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Napoleon was ultimately defeated but it took all of Europe working together to do it.

So, Napoleon demonstrated his colonial skills by provoking all of Europe to unite against him.

I think we have our lesson for contemporary policy.

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""Headquarters" as in military officers on the UN staff in New York."
What military officers? Has the UN Secretariat in New York ever employed a full-time military professional? The Charter provided (Article 47) for a Military Staff Committee (and by implication a military secretariat) but it was never activated; so peacekeeping is run by a handful of overworked diplomats without military training. If we want peacekeeping operations to succeed, just apply the Chsrter.

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zionista are you totally new to blogtopia? You chose a screen name that is in and of itself a little inflammatory and then set yourself up as the civility police. Anyone who thinks that "idiot" is a violation of Godwin's Law or some other unstated Rule of Decorum had best keep herself to the more sedate sides of the blogosphere.

Daniel's post is dripping with condecension. He uses the word "absurd", he accuses Matt of being "for the unilateral surrender against the growing danger of Islamic zealots" which is just this side of calling Matt a traitor, a line which he and others have had little to no difficulty crossing in the past.

Some of us are just a little sick and tired of the 101st Fighting Keyboardists accusing us of treason and not supporting the troops just because we started pointing out before the war started that the likely result was in fact to get a lot of American kids coming home in boxes (oh sorry 'transfer tubes'). We were right, the Greenbaums of this world were wrong, and they and you are just going to have to get used to it.

Here is a hint. By choosing the screen name "zionista" you have already expressed your position and so have to some degree compromised your right to troll rate anyone on any topic related to Israel. You are free to "stop reading" me at any point you like but for G___'s sake engage on substance and not trivialities like "idiot". Tens of thousands of people are dead and maimed because idiots dragged us into war based on lies and deception. And the intervention required to bring idiots to understand that they were idiots all along is not going to be pain-free for them. Or perhaps you.

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I suspect that Cyrus did not send his generals' battle plan back to them twice demanding they lighten up the troop levels.

People can twist themselves into pretzels. When Shinseki testified that it would take "several hundred thousand" troops to secure Iraq he was testifying that it would take our entire combat force as it existed at the time he testified effectively forever to accomplish the mission. As a nation we had some choices. We could have taken the measures needed to add the necessary forces to the Army and Marines, this would have taken a lot of time and money and probably a draft. Or we could have undertaken a method of regime change that didn't require ground invasion and occupation. Or we could have decided that Saddam was not in fact a strategic threat to the United States severe enough that he couldn't be controlled by a modified sanctions regime. What we, and I say we because support for this was overwhelming going in, was to ignore the testimony and experience of the Army's top uniformed officer in favor of the fantasies of Rumsfield and Wolfowitz. "Thirty years of military experience! Fah - I have a PhD in Math from Chicago!!"

When Persia invaded Greece they brought 500,000 troops. And lost. Twice. We went in too light, our generals told us we were going in too light, now people who fully supporeted us going in too light are arguing that if we had just gone in more heavy everything would have been better.

This is what is know as the "And a Pony" school of military planning. Yes if we would have invaded with 155,000 troops, drawn down to 138,000 troops and added a pony everything would have been fine. Well we didn't have that pony and people who could add (like the Chief of Staff of the Army) knew that.

(And how long did Persia hold Mesopotamia? Anyone can conquer Mesopotamia and many have. It is the keeping that has been problematic.)

Bruce Webb,

You chose a screen name that is in and of itself a little inflammatory....

How so?

Let me make a partial correction: the Committee has met, but infrequently. Dallaire did get a refusal to let him operate, apparently, from the office of the Secretary-General.


so peacekeeping is run by a handful of overworked diplomats without military training. If we want peacekeeping operations to succeed, just apply the Charter.

Rwanda wasn't about peacekeeping. It was about peace enforcement. Do you understand the difference?

If we want peacekeeping operations to succeed, just apply the Charter.

Military operations of any serious sort, to have any chance at success, need more than a Charter. I become dubious of any statement with "just" in it, be it "just $99.99" or "just apply the Charter [without any specifics about operational command and control]." I believe the mice had a Security Council resolution to bell the cat.
--
Howard

*equal opportunity offense to both extremes*

If you have to ask, we can't explain.