Lessons of Libya for Iran
The analysis Ivo and Phil Gordon present and the proposals they make are good ones. For all that is wrong with the Iraq war, and with the 1953 Mossadegh overthrow and other aspects of U.S. policy towards Iran over the years, a nuclear Iran is not just a threat to the U.S. national interest, or Europe, or Israel --- it's a major test for the multilateralism that so many of us so often stress as the basis for a alternative to the Bush foreign policy.
Four points, as raised in previous posts, are key to the strategic situation.
First, in the rough formula for strategic threats assessments taking into account capabilities and intentions, an Iran with nuclear weapons under its current leadership comes out very badly. President Ahmadinejad has been way out there: his in-your-face speech at the UN in September, his calls for Israel's destruction and/or relocation to Europe, his anti-Americanism vitriolic even in the Khomeini era context. This is extreme stuff, and needs to be recognized and responded to as such.
Second, there could be a chain reaction (pun intended) in the region. If Iran goes nuclear, the risks are higher that for a combination of insecurity and prestige other countries in the region will seek their own WMD. And I don't just mean Israel and its presumed existing nuclear weapons. Put your bets on Iraq under President Mokhtada al-Sadr (a separate discussion, of course). And Saudi Arabia and Egypt. Perhaps others. Back in the mid-1990s, there were initial negotiations about a WMD free zone in the Middle East, not as immediately achievable but as a goal that could be envisioned and started to be mapped out. This is something that eventually needs to be back on the agenda, and hard as it is today it'd be virtually impossible with that chain reaction a nuclear Iran would set off.
Third, if not now for multilateral strategies, when and where? Europe has been speaking more than usual with one voice. The Bush administration has been more a partner than before (although one can't help but wonder if Cheney, et al, are truly on board). The IAEA just won the Nobel Prize. Russia has an opportunity to play more of a global leadership role than in a long time. In our own political debate polls show the public understands the desirability of multilateralism; it's the do-ability it continues to question. Precisely because this is a tough case, those who are pro-multilateralism have an important stake in making it a success that can be pointed to.
Fourth is the possibility of success. Getting a prospective proliferator to de-proliferate has been done before: Libya. Qaddafi's Libya was the original rogue state yet he ended up doing the "full monty" on WMD. Terrorism too. One case does not predict another, but as elaborated in a forthcoming article it can have lessons to take into account:
No Wedges: The coalition pressuring Libya on WMD and terrorism was truly broad-based: Britain working with the United States under both Clinton and Bush in direct secret negotiations; France, also a victim of Libyan terrorism blowing up a French passenger jet in 1989; genuinely multilateral sanctions authorized by the UN Security Council. This kind of coalition not only strengthens coercive measures, it sends the message of a united front enhancing credibility and providing legitimacy in ways the United States cannot do on its own or even with an Iraq-style "mini-lateral" coalition. This was key in convincing Libya that it could not drive wedges into the coalition. Even amidst the defiant statements and steps Iran has been making, there are signs that the message of strong and broad multilateral unity is getting through and is exerting one of the pulls back towards negotiations. The Bush administration needs to keep working with the allies, the IAEA, and Russia and China; push a bit for a firm policy but not so much as to split the coalition.
Take Diplomacy Seriously: Libya succeeded in large part because of deft diplomacy. Credit goes to diplomats such as Martin Indyk and William Burns, Assistant Secretaries of State for Near Eastern Affairs under Clinton and Bush. We're very used to detailed accounts of military strategies; too rarely do we give diplomacy its due; this story is one of those that shows that skill and strategy are as key to diplomatic success as military success. Compromises were made, reassurances provided, reciprocity established and even a degree of trust built in ways that made for a balanced strategy. Secret and/or public, official and/or unofficial, intermediaries and/or U.S., diplomacy with Iran should be seriously explored.
Military Threats Not Off the Table, but also Not at the Center of the Strategy: The Bush administration's claim that Qaddafi caved principally because of Iraq were as inaccurate as they were self-serving. It is true that as one key U.S. official stresses, the use of force in Iraq and Afghanistan had a "demonstration effect" that Qaddafi could not dismiss. But the story really is much more about diplomacy and sanctions than saber rattling. it makes sense not to explicitly take the threat of force against Iran off the table. But steps such as buttressing regional commitments to allied and friendly states potentially threatened by a nuclear Iran, not as dramatic as waving the big stick but potentially more effective, are ones that can usefully be taken. But the limits of military options need to be recognized - not just the dispersal of the Iranian nuclear complex, but also Iranian counterstrategies, particularly terrorism through its own networks or by others in solidarity. Moreover, in the wake of the multilateral controversies over Iraq there is very little chance of international support for anything akin to a unilateral American use of force against Iran.
Sanctions Can Work: The sanctions against Libya were a big part of the success. They succeed because they were multilateral not unilateral, sustained over time, and imposed costs on the Libyan economy that even Qaddafi's son acknowledged were a significant pressure on the regime. Iran's major oil and natural gas trade and investment agreements with China, Russia, India and others are making UN Security Council sanctions difficult. Moreover, given the windfall revenues Iran has garnered from surging world oil prices and U.S. heightened domestic sensitivity to further oil price spikes and supply shortages, the balance of costs from economic sanctions could tilt against the sanctioners in the short-term. Nevertheless Iran's potential vulnerability is not to be written off. High unemployment and middle class discontent persist and are the kind of economic pressures that can turn into political instability. The Ahmadinejad regime may find, as so many other populist regimes have, that the fervor of its appeal wanes over time without tangible improvements in the quality of life. Most especially, and most immediately, sanctions imposed by the Security Council would dramatically strengthen the message of a united international community.
Policy Change, not Regime Change: Libya was a case in which major policy change was possible even by a charter rogue. The nature of the regime clearly was a factor, but it was not determinative. Qaddafi's main motivation remained the same: staying in power. The means for doing so, though, proved more functionally flexible than ideologically fixed. The combination of internal pressures and the coercive diplomacy strategy helped bring Qaddafi to a point where his hold on power was better served by global engagement than global radicalism. To do this, regime change had to be taken off the table. The repeated reassurances the United States and Britain gave Libya throughout the negotiations of policy change not regime change were absolutely crucial. The adversary needs to know both that we are firm about not accepting too little and also trustworthy about not pushing for too much. This runs counter to the view that keeping regime change as an option enhances leverage and coercive pressure. In this regard the United States does not have to forswear all advocacy and support for Iranian human rights and democracy movements, but unless it commits not to use force or covert action to seek to undermine or overthrow the Iranian regime, progress on the nuclear and other key issues is much less likely. Given the history of U.S.-Iran relations as well as the current context, this has to be a matter for direct U.S.-Iranian bilateral talks. These can be held within the EU-3 umbrella; they can be secret or public; but they must be pursued.
It may well be that Iranian domestic political and economic factors are so unconducive that this and related strategies won't suffice. And there are other Iran-specific factors to be taken into account. Every case is different, but there also are lessons to be learned. Iraq is teaching us a lot about what not to do. Libya can teach us some about what to do.










Precisely, what IAEA regulation, if any, is Iran violating? This is not clear to me.
January 22, 2006 9:35 AM | Reply | Permalink
Bush (playing at being Reagan)slapped Iran in the face with his axis of evil speech and that had a huge negative impact on the Iranian majority. From that moment on diplomacy was on shakey ground. Iraq made the ground shakier and things have not gotten any better with the E-3 negotiations. We have to come up with significantly better incentives if diplomacy is going to work. Bush I am sure wants Iran to capituate without being able to save face. IT AIN'T GOING TO HAPPEN.
If we keep diplomacy working the margins Iran is not going to budge. You know it and so do the Iranian clerics. The Americans have constantly told the world, we'll let the E-3 negotiate but it won't amount to much. Sure enough, the strings we've attached to the negotiations amount to peanut incentives.
The truth is Iran is within it's rights under the NPT to have civilian nuclear facilities. If we think that's too dangerous, then the onus is on us and our partners to BUY the Iranians out of their soveriegn rights. If we are truely scared, then we, along with other scared countries, should put $50-100 billion on the table to buy out the Iranian nuclear capacity. Its cheap - upheaval in mideast oil markets could easily add $10/barrel to the world price. That would cost the world's economies over $300 billion per year.
Bruce - Iran is a serious issue. I don't like their nuke threat any more than anyone else. So lets start face to face negotiations and see if Iran has a price. Serious problems require serious efforts - not rhetoric for domestic political purposes, ours and Iran's. Why the Hell is the US holding back. Iran needs to save face and so does George - lets find a way.
January 22, 2006 9:51 AM | Reply | Permalink
I really wish foreign policy experts could sound less like Hollywood scriptwriters and more like sober aides to statesmanship. Reasoning that depends on pushing the drama and the narrative possibilities is crap. Characterizing the rhetoric of a foreign leader, who may or may not have any real political power, should not be a prime "factor" in the analysis. Neither should impressionistic accounts of the "opportunities" presented by whether an agency has won a Nobel Peace Prize, or the emotional states of Russia or the European Union -- even if Russia or the EU could actually have emotional states.
Iran may well go nuclear. They have the necessary depth of industrial capability and engineering talent. It would be in their national interest to have nuclear weapons capability. Nuclear weapons would give Iran a measure of security against the United States and against Russia, which it has not had. Nuclear weapons would enhance Iranian dominance of the Persian Gulf oil supply.
Is there any way to change the situation, so that it is NOT in Iran's national interest to acquire nuclear weapons capability?
Is there any way to change the situation, so that in the world view of Ahmadinejad and the Ayatollahs, it is not in Iran's interest to acquire nuclear weapons and not in the political interest of the regime to resist the non-proliferation efforts of Russia and the Europeans? (And, not incidentally, can we affect view of Iran's quiescent secularist moderates and liberals, who also clearly see that it is in Iran's interest to acquire nuclear weapons.)
Finally -- and this is going to the toughest thing for American foreign policy analysts to confront -- is there any way for the Bush administration to do any good, whatsoever? Given the belligerant posturing, which the Republican Right insists upon -- Bush, Cheney, and McCain all included -- is there any way to convince Iran that nuclear weapons capability is not in their interest? That gang convinced North Korea of what? And, now they are supposed to work their magic on Iran. Let's get real, here.
And, here's another important factor, which ought to be on the table: Given the terrible facts that Bush has been grinding American military capability to dust in Iraq, and that the U.S. will probably be forced out of Iraq because of the abject failure of the reconstruction and the occupation to create a strong, stable government and economy, what are Iran's incentives?
Iran, at this point in 2006, seems to be well-positioned to dominate Iraq, post-U.S., and, dominating Iraq, to dominate the whole Persian Gulf, and dominating the Persian Gulf, to dominate the whole Islamic World and, indeed, the whole World. A Geopolitical thinker in Iran, today, is having some very heady thoughts about what the world may be like in ten years. And, nuclear weapons will seem like a necessary element in what could be the greatest Persian Empire since Xerxes.
January 22, 2006 9:57 AM | Reply | Permalink
Iran - population over 66 million; Libya (ex-foriegn workers) - less than 5 million (CIA World Factbook). It is unlikely that Iran will back down like the pompous Qadaffi. As stated, Iran, unlike Israel, has allowed inspections of it's nuclear sites.
The Bush regime has strengthened the radicals in Iran by his installation of Iranian backed militias in Iraq, and by removing Iraq as any possible threat to Iran.
The brutal invasion and occupation of Iraq based on fantasies of WMD has decreased American credibility, decreased US military forces and options, and increased Islamic fundamentalism.
January 22, 2006 10:06 AM | Reply | Permalink
I agree with most of Mr. Jentleson's comments but I am getting worried by the constant hyperbole and distortion that is creeping into any analysis of Iran.
First of all Ahmadinejad is not the man in charge. As was indicated during Khatami's unhappy tenure the President is little more than a figurehead. The most powerful person in Iran is Khameini and more generally it is the clerical regime that is in charge. Let's not pretend Ahmadinejad's crazy statements have anything much to do with future Iranian policy.
Secondly as unappealing as Ahmadinejad is it would be nice if his comments about Israel were accurately quoted. What he said was:
"Our dear Imam said that the occupying regime must be wiped off the map and this was a very wise statement"
Note the word "regime" in there. This isn't really a threat of physical destruction of Israel but more a reiteration of the long-standing Iranian position in support of a one-state solution in place of a Jewish state. This is completely unacceptable to Israel and the US ,of course, but let's not make it sound worse than it is. Note also that it is explicitly stated with reference to Khomeini. Ahmadinejad is not "way out there" in the Khomeini-era context.
This is not to say that an Iranian bomb isn't very worrying for some of the reasons that Mr Jentleson states but I think it is important to get our facts straight and not get carried away by all the hysteria that is blowing around this issue.
January 22, 2006 10:12 AM | Reply | Permalink
I am not sure that cash is the answer. Cash opens up other takers and the same one coming back again with a new government in 5 or 10 years.
Prestige, recognition of regime legitimacy, what could it be? If you really want to put cards on the table how about reducing the nuclear stockpiles of existing nuclear powers in exchange for Iran not going nuclear and throwing in free trade? How about putting Israel's nukes on the table in a package that includes a Palestinian state and guarantees for Israel? How about a time certain exit date of U.S. forces in Iraq? All of the above might not be worth it, but if one is bargaining about someting this serious damn near anything might be better. You can't drill for oil that easily if the Middle East is radioactive.
January 22, 2006 10:34 AM | Reply | Permalink
The arguments you make here -- especially the one about a chain reaction leading to increased proliferation in the region -- apply even more to Israel than to Iran. In fact, one could argue that it is Israel's possession of nuclear weapons that is responsible for the presumed Iranian attempt to proliferate.
Pressure -- both diplomatic and with a military option conspicuously not off the table -- should be applied equally to both Israel and Iran. This even handed approach would be much more likely to convince countries like Iran that they aren't being singled out so as to keep Israel as the only nuclear power in the region. And a Moktada al Sadr-led Iraq is much less likely to embark on a nuclear weapons program if it doesn't feel threatened by Israeli nukes.
What you say about Libya deproliferating does give one hope that it would be possible to convince Israel to deproliferate too. I'm sure Iran will be every bit as willing to deproliferate as Israel will! We all need to speak with one voice on this one. Cue up the sanctions.
January 22, 2006 10:42 AM | Reply | Permalink
India, Iran and the nuclear challenge
The Persian Puzzle I: Iran and the invention of a nuclear crisis
The Persian Puzzle II: What the IAEA really found in Iran
The Persian Puzzle III: The world must stand firm on diplomacy
The short story is that Iran performed tests on nuclear material in the 1990s on enriching uranium, that contrary to their safeguards agreement, they did not disclose to the IAEA.
Iran believes it should be treated the way Egypt, South Korea, Taiwan and other countries have been that have been found doing these experiments - which is that the experiments stop and the countries continue under the NPT.
The West has taken the position that Iran must now be denied the right to enrich uranium. Over 30 countries are non-weapons states in the NPT but have enough technology to build bombs if they were to choose, but they would have to leave the NPT to do so. The West has taken the position that Iran must be prevented from joining those ranks though it is admitted that Iran has no legal obligation to refrain from joining those ranks.
As of today, there are no ongoing or unresolved violations of any IAEA or NPT provisions. Iran insisted from the beginning that its uranium experiments were in the creation of low-enriched uranium but traces of highly enriched uranium were found on some equipment. This summer that was resolved in Iran's favor when tests showed that the traces did not come from Iran but from Pakistan before Pakistan sold the equipment to Iran.
Iran has signed but not ratified the additional protocols of the NPT. The additional protocols are more strict than the agreement Iran ratified, and allows short notice inspections and calls for the IAEA to certify that a country does not have any weapons program. The NPT that Iran ratified only requires the IAEA to certify that Iran has not diverted any nuclear materials to a weapons program. The IAEA has certified this. Iran is voluntarily cooperating as if it had ratified the additional protocols but says it will stop if it is referred to the security council.
If Iran enriches Uranium, it will be several years before Iran has the same capability to create weapons that 30 states currently have. But once it reaches that stature that will by itself change the strategic situation in the middle east much to Israel's disfavor, even if Iran does not produce weapons.
The aim of those with a stake in maintaining Israel's regional nuclear monopoly is to prevent Iran from being one of the over 30 states that could, if it left the NPT, build nuclear weapons in the next decade. There is no good indication that Iran actually would build weapons and if Iran want the capability to build a weapon while verifiably not building one, Iran has as much right to that capability as Japan, Taiwan or any other nation.
January 22, 2006 11:19 AM | Reply | Permalink
So obviously a "solution" where Iran gives up its nuclear capability but in exchange becomes a modern industrialized economy of 60+ million people is no solution at all.
The aim is not to prevent Iran from being able to produce nuclear weapons per se. The aim is for there to be sanctions imposed on Iran for any pretext and for those sanctions to remain indefinitely until maybe one day the US finds itself in a stronger strategic position and can bomb Iran or there is a miraculous counter-revolution that installs an indigenous regime that is as pro-American as the Shah.
The bad news is that the US will do everything it can to prevent anyone from buying their way out of this problem. The first piece of good news is that Iran is years away from building a weapon if it decides to do so. The second piece of good news is that while Iran clearly insists on being as capable of building a weapon if it chooses as the other 30 nuclear capable NPT non weapons states, there is no indication that Iran is any more eager to actually build a weapon than Brazil is. (Brazil is nuclear capable.)
January 22, 2006 11:29 AM | Reply | Permalink
See my comment to Ivo's latest. More latr..
For now...
Reap the whirlwind
By the B8lls....
And the supply lines
Radical Shiite Muqtada Sadr Visits Eye-Ran
You Muscular Wilsonians, Neocons, and Radical Nationalists of the War Party Cabal Can't Keep Your BushS*t Straight
US Vice President Dick Cheney has said he does not believe there are close relations between Iran and Al-Qaeda, seeming to distance himself from some earlier US administration charges.
"I think you've got to remember that the Al-Qaeda organization is primarily made up of radical Sunni Islamists, of course, and the Iranian regime is Shia-dominated -- Shia. So there's not a natural fit there," Cheney said in a telephone interview with the Hugh Hewitt Show, released by the White House
Jeezusaleezus, you can't even get sanctions much less enforce them.You don't think Iran sees thru this BS?
You don't think Iran notices the patent contradictions and factual garbage in Ivo's OpEd?
Maybe you don't.
PARIS, Jan. 21 -- The United States has been unable to win international support to officially report Iran to the U.N. Security Council, despite two years of diplomatic efforts and defiant new actions by the country to resume uranium enrichment research, according to European diplomats involved in negotiations.
U.S. Still Short in Iran Security Council Push
January 22, 2006 11:30 AM | Reply | Permalink
The US lacking any military option; lacking any viable sanctions threat, and what should appear on the OpEd pages of WaPo, and from the AmericaAbroad crowd on the same day as
Israel Talks of Military Action in Iran Standoff
Is this the 3d or 4th announcement of a pre-emptive strike.
Paper tigers
January 22, 2006 11:38 AM | Reply | Permalink
I can't believe what nonsense I've read here the past two days..I need a drink
January 22, 2006 11:43 AM | Reply | Permalink
These discussions don't seem at all realistic to me. You go to war with the government you have not the government you want. The shrubbery are not listening to us so I don't see the point of these hypothetical discussions. They are trying to use this issue to frighten people as a run-up to the 2006 elections. It’s been their plan since the beginning, see the PNAC. Even American intelligence estimates are that they are 10 years away from actually getting a bomb.
The policies of the neo-cons have done everything possible to make Iran think nuclear weapons are a good idea and left us with no credibility to stop them. We need to oppose their framing of the issue so as to terrify the American people into submitting to their regime. This sort of moot discussion is simply giving them support for their narrative.
Let's clean up our own mess first.
January 22, 2006 12:48 PM | Reply | Permalink
What does this say about the averaqe American? Three years after being led down this exact same road by these exact same people, using the exact same arguments and the exact same blueprint, they are willing to do it all over again. I expect disgusting hacks like Daalder and Jentleson to be disgusting hacks, but you'd think the public would have wisened up by now. Somehow, it never does.
January 22, 2006 12:48 PM | Reply | Permalink
The story about Libya's pursuit of nuclear weapons glosses over the fact that Libya did not have a snowball's chance in hell to actually make any. The bit about the Italians intercepting a Libyan-bound German ship carrying centrifugal parts in October 2003 seemed like it was set up to me. By January 2004, that honorable congressional crackpot, Curt Weldon was in Libya on a goodwill tour after inspections were made at record-breaking speed.
According to the Wall Street Journal. Prince Bandar made the initial pitch to the Clinton administration in 1999 about lifting sanctions on Libya. Subsequently, Libya hired a DC public relations firm. By May 2002, the chairman of Occidental Petroleum told shareholders that a return to Libya was imminent. Qaddafi played it smart by fending off British and French companies to wait for an agreement with the US.
Me, I have some suspicions that I can't prove about the negotiations with Libya. For one, Bush sent Anthony Goia, the macaroni king from Buffalo, to be ambassador to Malta. 80% of Malta's revenue comes from trade with Libya so the Maltese are on top of who's who in Libya.
Anthony Gioa is a close associate of Bush pioneer, Charles Gargano who I know for certain has longstanding ties to organized crime. Mr. Gargano paid a visit to Malta in May 2003 which was around the time that I read about Qaddafi offering a $100 million reward for help in getting sanctions lifted.
This is not the first time that I suspect Charlie Gargano played the role of bagman. He was the ambassador to Trinidad-Tobago from 1988 to June 1991 and by several accounts, was not in Trinidad very often. So why was Gargano even appointed ambassador?
The same month that Gargano left Trinidad, there was what the Trinidad energy commission characterizes as a bizarre industrial accident which shut down offshore natural gas production. By 1992, Enron had taken control of those gas fields and still today, the Trinidad gas fields make a lot of money for Enron spinoff, EOG.
The Iranians should face up to the fact that they have to pay
bigtime bribes to get the Bush administration off their case.
January 22, 2006 12:59 PM | Reply | Permalink
Bruce, have you read the comments to Daalder & Gordon's TPMCafe post? Do you have any responses to the points made there? (So far, the authors have not provided any).
From the beginning, the majority of posts in the 'America Abroad' section of TPMC have adopted Bush administration assumptions and frames of reference.
Despite the blog format, there's no more genuine give-and-take between pundits and readers in the Cafe, at least in the AA section, than there is on the Post op ed page. The opportunity to see other readers' responses is certainly welcome. However, the failure of those who post to acknowledge, much less respond effectively to readers' comments limits the value and credibility of this site.
January 22, 2006 1:37 PM | Reply | Permalink
I think there may be a tendency here to confuse multilateralism with a UN-based approach. The UN route is appropriate for violations of international law and treaties. But that's not really the situation we face regarding Iran. Iranian violations vis-a-vis the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty are so minor that I do not see how an intellectually honest UN-based approach could be expected to produce effective, sustainable and broad-based pressure. There is not enough of a legal basis on which to build a strong case against Iran. Nor is the problem posed by Iran a case of Iran's challenging some deep international principles. This is not an issue of a major violation of international law.
Instead, it is simply a case in which certain Iranian policies and actions seem to run contrary to the national interests of several major states around the world, and also many states in the region. Now, since so many states have similar interests in this situation, and a common interest in dissuading Iran from pursuing uranium enrichment - even though Iran is perfectly entitled to do so from a legal point of view - there is indeed a strong basis for a coordinated multilateral approach. But that coordination needn't take the form of a Security Council resolution.
Of course, the major powers on the Security Council may seek to turn the Iran situation into a Security Council issue, in order to dress their tactics up with the added accessory of UN solemnity. But I don't see how they can do so without damaging the integrity of the UN itself. The international community already has a treaty-based international legal instrument for addressing security issues related to nuclear weapons - the NPT. But the Iran issue isn't really a legal issue. It's just a case in which a number of countries have a variety of reasons, related to self-interest, for encouraging Iran to take a different course. If these countries seek to co-opt the Security Council for purposes related more to common national interest than to violations of international standards, they will further damage the integrity of both the NPT and the Security Council.
But while the opportunities for multilateralism are real, it seems to me that Iran has far more leverage in this situation than Libya had. I doubt that any sanctions regime is likely to be effective for long, before it collapses from disunity and cheating. This situation calls for a deal.
January 22, 2006 1:49 PM | Reply | Permalink
Well, destroying the integrity of the UN wouldn't be a problem for Bush and Bolton. We already went through that with the Iraq invasion which W and Rove used to win the 2002 Congressional election for Republicans. 2006 Congressional election coming up - same tactic, with Iran as the focus, about to be used.
January 22, 2006 2:04 PM | Reply | Permalink
Despite the blog format, there's no more genuine give-and-take between pundits and readers in the Cafe, at least in the AA section, than there is on the Post op ed page. The opportunity to see other readers' responses is certainly welcome. However, the failure of those who post to acknowledge, much less respond effectively to readers' comments limits the value and credibility of this site.
I would exempt Dean Slaughter from this criticism, since she does make an effort to respond to comments. But I agree that most of the other posters on America Abroad tend to remain tightly ensconced in the splendid chambers of their Olympian mutual admiration society, responding in their postings only to themselves, and seem loath to sully themselves through engagement with us filthy mortals below. This evidence of their elite demeanor does much to explain why it has been so difficult for ordinary Americans to exert a constructive influence on the disastrous policies established by the US foreign policy establishment. Those policies seem to be determined almost entirely by a handful of key think tanks, academic institutions and lobbying organizations. And these folks just don't seem to listen to anyone but themselves.
January 22, 2006 2:06 PM | Reply | Permalink
Whatever your views on Iran's ability to develop weapons ten years or more down the line, the current 1600 Crew are absolutely the wrong people to be making the calls here.
The risks of doing nothing between now and January 2009 are dwarfed by the risk of turning the keys to the Iranian car over to Bush, Cheney & Bolton. These guys are demonstrably drunk on power, are desperate to make their mark on history, and have shown no signs that they will not wreck the Air Force and Navy as they did the Army.
People who think that projecting air power into an Iran that has a totally undegraded air-defense system will be as easy as sending planes over an Iraq which had incurred ten years of no fly zones and bombing of any air defense radar with the temerity to hit the Power button have another think coming.
People need to look at an atlas. Sustaining an air assault on Iran is a lot harder than it sounds. Particularly if Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait and a Shi'ite dominated Iraq say "No". All of which is likely.
January 22, 2006 2:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
BruceWO7 helps us to reorient our thinking about this issue by placing us in Iran's shoes rather than America's. In a section called America Abroad it is easy to place the US center stage on the topic. Iran, however, may be in the center of its own universe looking east to Pakistan and India with their NPT regime busting nuclear weapons. Iran may be looking east and north to China as a future natural trading partner and ally offsetting any pressure from the EU and Russia. Iran may also have quite a different view of the merits of preserving a UN system that did not raise much of a peep when Iraq used banned chemical weapons on Iran during the brutal eight year Iran-Iraq war. Geopolitically, Iran may find reason enough to hedge their bets on nuclear arms. As BruceWO7 points out there seems to be little difference -- other than rhetoric -- on this issue between the secular moderates or the ruling clergy in Iran. Changing Iran's calculations of what is in Iran's interest is the key here. Lessons from Libya may simply not apply.
January 22, 2006 2:25 PM | Reply | Permalink
(1) The Shah also wanted nukes, and probably for the same reasons. Prestige, a (rational) sense of insecurity and... the populace wants them! That is right, like Pakistan, nukes are popular. Governments come and go, but the drive for nukes continues.
(2) The current MOST SCARY nutball, Ahmadinejad, has approximately the same amount of power as his "rational" predecessor Khatami, which is nil. However, it serves somebody's purposes (think "professionals") to think something has changed.
It is difficult to believe that the sort of stupidity we see as commentary on Iran passes for information.
January 22, 2006 3:08 PM | Reply | Permalink
Here we go again!
Yet another long article on the "Iran crisis" which repeats little more than Bush spin! Is this site becoming a front for the neocons? Has there been some "regime change" in the owners of this site that we are not aware of?
An article I saw today specifically states that both the Republicans and the Democrats are "fractured" over the Iran issue, devolving into four camps: the "hawks", the "appeasers", the "negotiators", and the "realists".
Let me lay out the FACTS again:
1) Nothing Iran is doing is illegal under its obligations to the NPT.
2) Even if Iran began enriching unanium for the purpose of producing a nuclear weapon, it would STILL be FIVE TO TEN YEARS before they can even produce ONE single gun-model nuclear weapon - let alone one that can be DELIVERED by any missile they currently have in their inventory or are developing.
3) The Iranians have gone FAR beyond their obligations under the NPT to attempt to satisfy the Europeans and the IAEA that their intentions are peaceful. (I'm not saying they DON'T want a nuclear weapon, even if THEY say that. I'm assuming they DO. But NOTHING they've done publicly indicates that they are currently pursuing such.)
4) The Iranians already HAVE the ultimate nuclear weapon - the oil bourse denominated in Euros which goes into operation in March of this year. The Iranian nuclear program is just a SMOKESCREEN for the REAL threat to the United States - and the neocons know this. This article here lays it all out:
http://www.countercurrents.org/us-petrov200106.htm
5) Any argument based on the current President Ahmadinejad's hyperbolic comments about Israel and the Holocaust is IRRELEVANT to the discussion. These comments are propaganda on a par with Bush's proclamations about "spreading democracy" everywhere. It's ruminant evacuation and has nothing to do with actual government policies in Iran.
6) As long as Israel has nuclear weapons and the US - also a possessor of nuclear weapons - is willing to threaten non-nuclear states with nuclear weapons - as we have EXPLICITLY done - then EVERY country in the Middle East will want nuclear weapons. Remove the threat - remove the proliferation. It's that fraggin' simple, folks! Force Israel to unilaterally diasrm ALL of its nuclear weapons. Granted, every state is fascist by definition, and all of them will continue to want to be the Big Kahuna in the region, so many of them might still want to obtain such weapons. But it will be a lot easier to negotiate to restrain them in the face of the fact that there are no weapons already in the region than it will be to do so with Israel sitting there with 100-400 weapons, including nuclear cruise missiles on submarines in the Gulf - owned by a state whose Zionist idealogue leaders have repeatedly stated their intention to dominate the entire Middle East from the Nile to the Euphrates.
7) There is NO incentive for anybody dealing with Iran - Russia, China, Europe - to pressure Iran not to go nuclear - and certainly no incentive to impose sanctions on Iran. Iran is a major trading partner with Russia (albeit an oil competitor). China needs Iran's oil. India and Pakistan are planning to building pipelines from Iran into India. None of these countries are in any threat from a nuclear-armed Iran (with the possible exception of Pakistan, and that is still unlikely.)
8) Therefore, sanctions and embargoes are not going to work. Iran is not Libya. Iran is not Iraq. The situations are sufficiently different that it is very unlikely sanctions - which were ineffective in Iraq except to kill millions of children - are likely to work well. One should also question the use of sanctions against ANY country - considering the effects on Iraq. Do we want to starve another half million children just to pressure another government? Do the people on this site want to say with Madeleine Allbright, "Well, we think it's worth it?"
9) The article recommends policy change, rather than regime change. Yes, this is a very good idea. And how do you expect the Bush administration to implement it, when you have Christian neocon fanatics like John Bolton at the helm at the UN? When you have Zionist fanatics like Benjamin Netanyahu in Israel urging military strikes on Iran with or without the support of the US military?
I've said this repeatedly over the last few weeks. The following is what progressives need to be doing RIGHT NOW:
Congress must be pressured into legislation explicitly forbidding Bush from initiating or supporting ANY military action against Iran without a formal Declaration of War by Congress, and explicitly forbidding Bush from using nuclear weapons against ANY non-nuclear nation without the express authorization of Congress.
If you can't get this done in the next two to six months, next year at this time when thousands of US troops are dying in Iraq and Iran, and gas costs $10-20/gallon at the pump, and the US dollar is dumped by half the world, and the US economy sinks back into recession, and suicide bombers are blowing themselves up in New York subways, you'll all be saying how you were against the war in Iran fron the git-go.
I'm not seeing it here now though. What I see are articles SUPPORTING a war in Iran without the nerve to admit it.
January 22, 2006 3:33 PM | Reply | Permalink
Since Libya seems central to the man's argument it is worth noting that Libyan society was simply too primitive to absorb the technology of nuclear weapons.
That does not apply to Iran.
One can't say that the proposed strategy won't work...who knows, after all, given that there are so many factors almost none of which are quantifiable. But one can say that there is a distinct possibility it will fail and, at that point, the U.S. government may judge that a military strike is in the best interests of the country.
At that point you must decide whether you are with them or against them. VietNam or no Vietnam, lies or no lies you must decide. No government is perfect, no policy can please everyone. But taking a stand against your country in time of war is treason.
January 22, 2006 3:56 PM | Reply | Permalink
"This even handed approach"
It's not even-handed. In case you hadn't noticed there is a great disparity is population and available natural resources between Israel and the surrounding Muslim world. Even that out and there might be something to your proposal.
Absent that it won't fly.
January 22, 2006 4:02 PM | Reply | Permalink
BruceWO7 helps us to reorient our thinking about this issue by placing us in Iran's shoes rather than America's. In a section called America Abroad it is easy to place the US center stage on the topic. Iran, however, may be in the center of its own universe looking east to Pakistan and India with their NPT regime busting nuclear weapons. Iran may be looking east and north to China as a future natural trading partner and ally offsetting any pressure from the EU and Russia. Iran may also have quite a different view of the merits of preserving a UN system that did not raise much of a peep when Iraq used banned chemical weapons on Iran during the brutal eight year Iran-Iraq war. Geopolitically, Iran may find reason enough to hedge their bets on nuclear arms. As BruceWO7 points out there seems to be little difference -- other than rhetoric -- on this issue between the secular moderates or the ruling clergy in Iran. Perhaps it is nationalism not religion. Changing Iran's calculations of what is in Iran's interest is the key here. Lessons from Libya may simply not apply.
January 22, 2006 4:38 PM | Reply | Permalink
You're seriously suggesting that if Bush launches another one of his "wag the dog" so the Republicans can win in 2006 like they won in 2002 attacks, and someone points out the harm that all these needless deaths cause that is treason? How about treason being lieing your country into a needless conflict and then taking our 4th Amendment rights away forever while waging a "self-declared endless"war on terror" (while outing our covert agent)? And then trying to pull the same con again.
January 22, 2006 5:18 PM | Reply | Permalink
Exile Group Claims Nuclear Weapon Test by March
Would that our Demo experts concentrate on real solutions to real problems.
Libya?
Give me a break
January 22, 2006 5:33 PM | Reply | Permalink
Your opinions are just that. Nothing more.
There have been, and always will be, disputes about the policies of all governments. Ours included. Our system allows for discussions, elections, propaganda, court challanges, etc. It's not perfect. It can't please everyone.
Regardless, the nation must act on or react to the challanges facing it. The government has that responsibility. When it declares war the nation is required to unite behind it. Not to do so is defined as treason...and that's what it is.
January 22, 2006 6:28 PM | Reply | Permalink
I accuse you of complacency. Complaceny in the face of catastrophe. Complacency in its creation. Complacency in the Ivory Towers of your moribund worldviews
Iran Brandishes the Iraq Weapon
Iva Daakder's column and Dr. Bruce Libya Apolgia are an embarrassmetn
January 22, 2006 6:57 PM | Reply | Permalink
There are the Limits of Coercive Diplomacy Dr. Bruce.
Realism please. Put the hard thinking cap on.Please.
January 22, 2006 7:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
So what you're saying is that Israel would never give up it's nuclear weapons. That's not surprising. But then, as discussed below, why in the world would Iran or any other Muslim country agree to forego nuclear weapons? They would be crazy not to develop them and put them on missiles if they getthe technical means to do so.
I mean, that's what Israel did.
If Iran had nuclear weapons -- absent a direct attack on Israel by Iran -- Israel wouldn't even be thinking of bombing Iran and neither would the United States. Iran would be treated like North Korea is now, which is a hell of a lot better than being treated like Iraq was.
Israel has a very strong conventional army and air force, such that a conventional attack on Israel would be suicidal for any combination of Muslim countries in the region. But all it would take would be two or three nuclear weapons to wipe Israel off the map.
The proliferation of nuclear weapons in the middle east will only hurt Israel's security. No muslim country is going to accept a double standard, no matter how justified you may think it.
And any Israeli or American attack not punished by UN sanctions will simply justify Iran or any other country in withdrawing from the NPT and accelerating its bomb making program while nursing a very justifiable grievance and perhaps looking forward to revenge.
How can that be good for Israel or the United States?
January 22, 2006 8:39 PM | Reply | Permalink
So let me get this straight, no matter what Bush does, I have to support him. If he decided to invade Canada and Mexico and sieze their oil fields under the guise that the WOT requires oil self sufficiency, I have to say yes sir. If Bush decides to start dropping nuclear bombs on various muslim capitals to teach them a lesson, I have to say yes sir. Bush has already decided his CIC designation allows him to do anything to anyone regardless of the Courts or Congress.
I don't recall any of our Founding Fathers saying "my government, right or wrong". I hope that I am not alive to live in the America you espouse.
January 23, 2006 8:12 AM | Reply | Permalink
Iran is not North Korea
Iran is not Libya
Iran is Iran. It is right next door to Iraq.
And here's why sanctions will not work..and we don't need multi-paragraph OpEds by the policy elite to understand this
Iran Sanctions Could Drive Oil Past $100
January 23, 2006 10:17 AM | Reply | Permalink
IAEA Refuses to be Pressured into Early Report
January 23, 2006 11:41 AM | Reply | Permalink
And they tell us sanctions can work.
Well maybe they're right, these "experts".
America better hope they aren't
January 23, 2006 12:30 PM | Reply | Permalink
That's the situation, all right. Actually, it's worse. Muslims are on record as saying they're prepared to take big hits in order to destroy Israel. There aren't any good answers.
January 23, 2006 1:14 PM | Reply | Permalink
"
So let me get this straight, no matter what Bush does, I have to support him"
You can vote him out of office. Congress can impeach him. Those are the remedies offered by the Founders.
January 28, 2006 8:39 AM | Reply | Permalink
When it [the government] declares war the nation is required to unite behind it.
January 29, 2006 11:37 AM | Reply | Permalink
Interesting that you referred to TR. You note that all his sons were fighting. The point is you can criticize all you want but at the same time you must fight for your country.
February 4, 2006 8:58 AM | Reply | Permalink
Are you suggesting that military service, or some reasonable equivalent, is necessary before one is allowed to criticize?
I hope this is not going to wander into one of those discussions of why current politicians' children aren't in the military. That's the choice of the children, unless there is an exception I've missed to involuntary servitude. By "politician" here, I do not single out either party.
February 14, 2006 5:58 PM | Reply | Permalink
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