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The Elusive Iraqi Tipping Point

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Had dinner last night with an old CIA buddy who has just returned from Iraq with some discouraging news.  Although our troops and intelligence operatives are killing scores of insurgents (my friend estimated the kill rate at 160 enemy per each friendly) the insurgents keep coming.  As Sy Hersh predicted in last month's New Yorker, the military commanders decided to shift from ground confrontations to high altitude airstrikes.  According to press reports on Wednesday, for example, the United States carried out 53 strikes inside Iraq.  One of these, the mistaken bombing of a civilian home north of Baghdad, was condemend by Iraqi officials.


There should be no doubt our tactics have changed.  The United States is relying more on aerial bombing, most of it high altitude or stand off, rather than close air support for troops on the ground engaged in a fight.  Despite the promise of "precision" bombing, aerial strikes are anything but precise.  They are very lethal and very powerful.  On that front, a lot of insurgents, mostly Iraqis, are dying.  But a bombing campaign, short of nuclear strikes that vaporize the whole country, cannot defeat an insurgency.  We do not have enough planes or pilots, not to mention bombs.

Most U.S. military officers on the ground sincerely believe that we have reached a tipping point where we are killing enough insurgents that their will to fight is being sapped.  But the death toll from insurgent strikes during the last two days calls into question that confidence.  It is worth recalling that in Vietnam we killed close to 1 million North Vietnamese while we suffered 57,000 fatalities.  That was a kill ratio of roughly 20 to 1.  Unfortunately, we do not know where this magical tipping point is.


The alternative argument is that imprecision of the U.S. strikes is likely to generate more insurgents than are killed.  Within the ethos of the tribal culture in Iraq, seeking revenge on those who have wronged you or your family is a mission that can span centuries.  The folks we are fighting have a much longer attention span than we do.


The coming months creates additional challenges and contraints for the United States military that are likely to work in favor of the insurgents.  As the Shia led government assumes control in February the U.S. ability to conduct unilateral counterinsurgency missions will be curtailed because we will first have to seek permission to carry out such operations.  At present U.S. forces can act without seeking Iraqi permission.  That gives us an element of surprise.  Once the Iraqi Government becomes the gate keeper our troops will face a greater risk of having the secrecy of any operation compromised.  


This will likely lead to a reduction in U.S. counter insurgency operations over the coming months.  As our operations decline the various Iraqi insurgent groups will have a chance to regroup, resupply, recruit, and become more lethal.  Since we also are starting to reduce the number of U.S. troops in Iraq our actual ability to conduct operations will be further constrained.


The outlook for the next 10 months is not pretty.  We will see a continued upsurge in violence, most of it sectarian in nature, with Iraqis dying at a far greater rate than Americans.  U.S. military casualties will decline if the United States opts for a garrison strategy (keeping its forces on secure bases and devoted almost exclusively to training Iraqi forces).  However, if the United States feels compelled to send its forces into cities to fight ithe nsurgents the U.S. death rate will go up.


What we can't answer at this point is whether or not an Iraqi Government dominated by Shia religious extremists will allow the United States to play a constructive role in trying to build a secure, safe Iraq, or if U.S. forces will be used as proxies to kill Sunni opponents of the Government, or if the Shia will tell us to get out.  My friend, recently back from Iraq, sees little chance that new Iraqi Government will opt for a non-sectarian solution to the security crisis.  That leaves us two bad options--killing Sunnis or getting out.  Either choice does not strengthen our policy in the Middle East.


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Get out AND impeach the bastards.

But a bombing campaign, short of nuclear strikes that vaporize the whole country, cannot defeat an insurgency.  We do not have enough planes or pilots, not to mention bombs.


It can, however, create new insurgents, who are pissed off about being bombed to shit when they haven't done anything.  


Wasn't it bombing attacks like these that we grumbled about when Russia was doing/does it in Chechnya?  Now the shoe is on the other foot, and it fits fine.  


That was a kill ratio of roughly 20 to 1.  Unfortunately, we do not know where this magical tipping point is.


I don't mean to scold, but you left out the ARVN.  They fought and died there, too, you know, in far greater numbers than we did.  The attitude that only American casualties count is one of the things that got us into this mess.  When your friend was talking about casualty ratios, was he including the Iraqi security forces, or was this a "not counting niggers" thing?  

Is there any sense from your friend that in addition to killing more insurgents we are doing anything to make Iraqis have better lives now?

Most U.S. military officers on the ground sincerely believe that we have reached a tipping point where we are killing enough insurgents that their will to fight is being sapped.


Someone needs to netflix "Battle of Algiers" to these guys.

Only looking at our losses.  Are you aware of anyone who is keeping track of the Iraqi "friendly" losses.

The comment regarding ARVN casualties in VN was dead on.  The 160:1 kill ratio leaves me wondering how we are counting insurgent casualties.  A 500 lb bomb does not leave many body parts for counting and I assume many insurgents are killed in areas where it is not practical to poke around looking for body parts.  Also, it is not clear how insurgent body parts can be distinguished from noninsurgent body parts. 
Part of the problem with looking for MIAs in VN has been that many weapons don't leave very much, if anything, in terms of artifacts.  If we don't admit that we really don't know how many of whomever we are shooting at and we don't know how many collateral casualties arise from shooting at insurgents, then we have not progressed beyond Westmoreland's body counts and illusions of progress.

What's that famous quote from Ho Chi Minh, something like, "You will kill a thousand of our men, and we will kill one of yours, and in the end, it will be you who will tire of it"? I'm sure I could find the exact quote, but that's close.

Scary stuff.

So, based on your friends comments, for the 11 US soldiers killed in the past two days, we can expect 1,760 Iraqi insurgents to be killed now, then, and in the future.

Or, at the overall US/Coalition casualty rate of 2.34 per day for the duration of the conflict thus far, we may expect 374 Iraqi insurgents killed per day. That makes 136,656 insurgents killed per year and 382,976 killed in the 1,024 days since the invasion.

Obviously, there are plenty of caveats here. For instance, I would really like to know how "insurgent" is defined by the CIA? But this sure feels like going through the looking glass. Does anyone believe the Sunni Baathists/nationalists and al-Qaeda of Iraq are possibly fielding these numbers?  As an ex-infantryman, I believe you fire at our troops, you've got it coming right back at you. But in the context of turgid policy and cereal box strategy, these numbers imply slaughter.

And..."the insurgents keep coming." 

Only looking at our losses.  Are you aware of anyone who is keeping track of the Iraqi "friendly" losses.


Yikes.  I was going to start looking for this info, and suddenly I realized that if your friend, who is presumably a serving CIA officer whose job it should be to know these sorts of things, doesn't know or consider them, then things are more f*cked up than I thought.  If the Iraqis are our allies, if the training and performance of their security forces are now the focus of our being there, but this info isn't being discussed as a matter of course ... I dunno.  I flat out don't know what to say.  


Anyway, I looked it up.  3907, so the ratio just got worse -- if that is, you count those people.  If civilians are also counted, well, I'll quit while we're ahead.  I'm beginning to think quitting while we're ahead might not be such a bad idea.  

Maybe someone at the Pentagon saw the magic number coming---by this summer we would have seen as many soldiers killed as New Yorkers died on 9/11.

Who's designating the targets now? Sy Hersh said the Air Force was unhappy with handing that off to Iraqis.

If a kill ratio is our sole measure of success, we really have a problem.

By the way, NBC will air an interview with Paul Bremer in which he says that the US did not anticipate the insurgency... so excuse me if I put very little store by what our military leadership has to say about anything. 

Since Sy Hersh is being mentioned for the acumen of his judgment,  I'll mention something else he said recently:   Our top military commanders in Iraq consist of generals who should have never risen past the rank of lieutenant colonel. Their recent statements seem so disconnected from reality (e.g., "insurgency dying out"), one really wonders whether it's worth paying any attention to what they say.

noblesse -
Did Hersh explain why they are now generals?  One idea that comes to my mind is Rumsfeld's virtually taking over the upper level military promotions. If that is true we may now have his "people" as our generals.    

I know it is hard to get good help these days, particularly in war zones, but I would agree with the posters above, particularly Luigi Vampa.  Killing people is not going to calm Iraq, the homeland of Islam. It is only going to increase the blood debt and endanger Americans for decades.

For starters it would have been a good idea to secure the 370 tons of high explosives looted after the US invasion at Al Qaqaa. Sadistic torture done in Saddm's old prison was the final crime, and ensured failure, along with the hundred other mistakes of the Bush administration.

William Lind (anti-war,com) and the recent piece by Israeli military historian Martin van Crevald both say the war is lost. Lind says it was lost even before the first bomb was dropped. As former terrorism czar Richard Clarke said in an NPR interview on his new book, Iran has achieved all it's goals in Iraq. The US and the US economy will pay the tab, dead, wounded, & US image down the drain, and the dollar headed down as the debt piles up.

To me, this was all so obvious before we went into Iraq in March 2003. What an ongoing disaster for nothing. We need Congress to challenge and depose this lying fraud pretending to be a king, - oh, I mean President .

Dear Lord - they didn't anticipate the insurgency. I worked with 9th & 10th graders in March 2003 who anticipated the insurgency - but our fearless leaders didn't. Heaven help us all!

We tried to play the insane "kill ratio" game in Vietnam. We see how well that worked out - 58.000 dead Americans and a few million dead Vietnamese. So what's the kill ration - 30 to 1? What did that prove except that our political and military leaders were immoral and stupid?

Just after the UN bombing in August 2003, Tom Friedman wrote one of his paens to the New Iraq.

Back then they had open forums and I posted a comment to the effect that our choices were either Islamist government of extremist Shia or another Saddam.

I wish I'd save the outraged replies.
I don't understand something.  At what point do we not have a fully formed case for having completely (permanently ?)destroyed a functional nation.

What I am looking for is a comprehensive statement attesting to this as a defacto proposition.  I don't think it is possible to continue to carry the discussion forward to a solution without fully exploring the fact of this total failure.  The discussion that is needed to develop a thoughtful strategy cannot begin or be effective without this kind of explicit, official acknowledgement. 

I'm talking about a sort of rhetorical tipping point in the underlying theme of discussion so that these individual topics (air campaigns, tripartite division of country. porous borders, etc.) are tied, not to arguing as to whether or not failure has occured, but rather to what in the world we should do as a country that has committed what is arguably a terrible crime against humanity.

Can we finally get the conversation started in earnest about how to clean this mess up?  And can we start with a definitve post making a conclusive case that failure has definitively occured?  It would seem that the facts have now accumulated to a point that would support such a post.

I do apologize for asking others to do this for me.  I am simply not in a position much less competent enough to put the in the work needed to scribe such a post, and I know that the contributers here and elsewhere are.  So I'm asking, please start to turn the page now.  And please begin with the general post I am asking for.

It would begin with the statement: The U.S intervention in Iraq, under the leadership of President George W. Bush has now reached the point where it has become an unqualified, indisputable and probable (not potential) long term failure.  Nothing that the U.S. government (on both sides of the aisle) has said would happen has happened. There is no indication from any statements made by our leadership at any time that indicates a coherent understanding of the situation, in fact just the opposite.  The facts are as follows:

etc.

The purpose of this request is to begin the coordinated bubble up that leads to public concensus strong enough to allow statements to this effect from political leaders, particularly in the upcoming elections. 

Representative Murtha and a few others have made a good start, but to date they are alone (isolated ?) in their categorical statements.  This needs to now become a party wide talking point.  There shouldn't be a day that goes by without a Democratic leader offering this point to the  MSM.  Anyway, doesn't anyone else feel the time to start this process is now in a deliberate, coordinated way?

Can you believe that they screened "The Battle of Algiers" (a great movie) in the Pentagon before we invaded Iraq? The military leadership should have resigned en masse rather than let Bush take us into the preventable quaqmire of Iraq.

Bombs don't discriminate between Iraqis and insurgents. Plus most of the insurgents are Iraqis.

There is no limit to how "f"ed up things are now.

Hmm, 160 x 2394 'Coalition of the Willing' deaths (we won't count Iraqi troops as friendly here) means 383,040 insurgent deaths. I can see why US officers are 'convinced' we're going to win any minute now, just do the math. Not being mathematically inclined, I remain unconvinced.

 

Yes, of course. If we had followed Shinseki's recommendation of 400,000 troops there would have been no insurgency--no ammo. Of course, there also would have been no looting, and quick restoration of services.

I still can't decide if the continuing free-for-all that allowed corporate looting and a convenient scare subject ("we're fighting there, not here") was incompetence or Machiavellian genius. I suspect incompetence. 

They screened it, but no one really got it.


Yes, a great movie. Some of the quotes from the movie could easily apply today.

everyday i pray that more of the gangsters in us uniforms become kilties.

it is what is deserved by invaders.

Hell, if they're really successful maybe they'll kill six million.

Chimp sent troops into Afghanistan on the basis of a war plan 'gamed out' on Clinton's watch.  The plan worked well (so long as you ignore the fact that bin Laden escaped).  The goals were direct, simple, and easy to determine whether they were successful.

The invasion of Iraq has been described as having been well-planned, but beyond an invasion there was no real plan for anything, except getting Halliburton in as soon as possible.  And today, a report that Paul Bremer, in an upcoming NBC interview, admitted that the insurgency was 'not anticipated' because it had not been planned for.

What Larry's CIA friend tells us is more of the same.  The cabal continues to flail around in Iraq, and domestically -- it's dispiriting, and sickening, and what's worse is that no one seems to have the strength, ability, or organization to stop the forced deterioration of our country -- and the damage we continue to do to others.

And, costing the American People $1 to 2 Trillion dollars.   

Luigi... I'm not sure if the following would be of any help... but what the hey? Mind you they are figures from only last year.

According to the following buried in this latest information from AP yesterday there were 2880 attacks on civilians during 2005...

Violence in Iraq had dropped during the period surrounding last month's elections, but it has been surging again.

More than 7,000 Iraqis, [19 per day] including 4,021 civilians, were killed in violence in 2005, the first year that Iraqi officials have kept such records, an Interior Ministry official told the Associated Press.

The year 2005 saw 2,880 attacks on Iraqi security forces and civilians, Maj. Abdul Aziz al-Mousawi said. He said 1,225 policemen and 475 soldiers were killed, along with 1,709 insurgents.

The Associated Press couldn't confirm the accuracy of the numbers because many slayings in Iraq go unreported and there are few other official figures to compare them with. The U.S. military does not track civilian deaths.

Getting this type of info, in light of the ongoing disinfo to supply feel good stories, I personally read this with a wary eye. 

Actually ljohnson's comment about the dilemma we face (either kill Sunnis or get out) makes me think that maybe the third option put forth by Congressman Murtha (deploy to the periphery, i.e. off Iraqi soil, but *promise* to come back if the Shiites start massacring the Sunnis) is a lot wiser than I had originally given it credit for. It seems like it would have the best chance of threading the needle (appeasing the Sunni insurgents by leaving Iraq, but making sure no wholesale genocidal affair can happen in the wake of the pullout). The only x-factor here is that the terrorists operating in Iraq will still continue their attacks - but it is probably true that they have almost no sympathisers in Iraq so they can be quickly isolated politically (though not militarily right away).




Where's the hole in the logic here?

Yup! And Saddam was an avid and well read student of HCM...

Noblesse:

....one really wonders whether it's worth paying any attention to what they say.
I being an ex-serviceman warn: Always pay attention to what they say... Just don't believe a goddam thing that comes out of their pieholes.

Holy Body Count


Leaving aside the question of Iraqi friendlies a sustained 160 to 1 kill ratio implies we have killed 320,000 insurgents, not counting any collateral damage which makes a mockery of any counts of total Iraqis killed to date on both sides.


It reminds me of a scene in the Best and the Brightest where said best and brightest were managing some offensive (I think Hue, but perhaps Tet) from a war room in Washington, using the best available information and models and some guy working from the back of a napkin reported that based on established ratios of Americans killed and wounded to ARVN killed and wounded to VC & North Vietnamese killed and wounded the numbers they were working with showed they had killed or wounded every single estimated enemy. Which since the battle was raging would probably have been a surprise to everyone in theatre.


If we have a kill ratio even close to 160 to one then simple arithmatic shows this war has killed or maimed more people than Saddam ever did in his whole career.


I don't believe that is true, though I expect the toll is getting close. But 160 to 1? That is delusion or spin.

... which means what?

I'm glad to see the "patriots" are out in force again! Here is your who said it quiz:

1. "...(the US) can't win in Iraq..."
a) John Murtha
b) John Kerry
c) Ayman al-Zawahiri
d) Some guy on this thread

2. "...(the US) has already lost in Iraq..."
a) John Murtha
b) John Kerry
c) Ayman al-Zawahiri
d) Some guy on this thread

3. "...(US) soldiers are terrorizing women and children..."
a) John Murtha
b) John Kerry
c) Ayman al-Zawahiri
d) Some guy on this thread

4. "...the invaders are the terrorists..."
a) John Murtha
b) John Kerry
c) Ayman al-Zawahiri
d) Some guy on this thread

5. "...everyday i pray that more of the gangsters in us uniforms become kilties. it is what is deserved by invaders."
a) John Murtha
b) John Kerry
c) Ayman al-Zawahiri
d) Some guy on this thread

You guys will call me a troll and rate me off the page for pointing out that your rhetoric is "Word-for-Word" identical to Al-Queada. You have chosen sides, your enemy is the Bush administration instead of the terrorists. The proof is in the fact that not one person commented poorly on comment #27 about the "gangsters in us uniforms" it shows that your hollow punctuation mark you use (we support the troops) every time you criticise them and their mission is just that, hollow. Call me a troll, call me a right wing nut call me what you want, but you can't call me a liar. I'm not the one who pretends to support the troops while I actually hope they lose.

I just bottom-rated #27, for a couple of reasons. Partly because it s incoherent, and partly because the sentiment is unacceptable.

Speaking for myself, I feel a conflict. I do want all troops to come home, eventually, whole and happy with stories of accomplishment.

But I feel a continuing rage at the administration for its foolish enthusiasm in risking those troops. It has not been shown, still, that the invasion was either necessary or helpful to us.

Certainly it stands a decent chance of being a good thing for Iraq in the long run but it seems I have to again bring up the arguments for war, as offered before the invasion. We simply cannot accept the ends justifying the means. We cannot accept the cheap way it was done, which endangered those troops unnecessarily. We cannot accept the non-plan which allowed the looting and collapse of essential services, thus endangering those troops and the supposed beneficiaries, Iraqis.

War was not the only choice; it was a preference. Internal thinking, on paper, included theorizing about transformative events as well as arguments that "they only understand force"; unmentioned was the corollary "they have institutionalized revenge". Now our country is at least somewhat disgraced by the horrible embarassment of there being no WMD, and the true criminal, Osama, seems to have escaped justice. Why should I be happy?

The soldiers are caught in the middle 

Therefore every person who supported Civil Rights in the Fifties supported Stalin.


Sarge, you guys kind of overused that particular argument back in the Fifties. There is a movie out there that you should probably be seeing.


That or take a logic class. Correlation does not equal causation no matter what Tail Gunner Joe and SFC Wallace would like us to believe.

Dude, read the enrty above yours, the author understands what I was trying to say. Oh and if you think Joseph Stalin was a civil rights activist, maybe it's you who should go back to school and take a history class.

I just want to make two comments on numbers:  First if the 160:1 kill ratio is even close to true, and if the insurgency is overwhelmingly Sunni Arab, then this implies roughly 8% of the Sunni Arab population has been killed off, or 16% of the male Sunni Arab population has been killed.  That to me seems extraordianrily unlikely.  Further riffing on this, the implied kill rates per day (300+) have almost never been reported despite seeing MNF-I press releases on squad on squad actions or capturing an 8 man IED cell etc.  If the US is wiping out companies per day, I would have thought that the press operation, which after Op. Matador last spring was told to start highlighting body counts would have done the "800 killed today" press release at least once. 
As an added point here, we have been repeatedly told that the Iraqi insurgency is between 20,000-30,000 active shooters at any one time, so these kill rates implie that the insurgency has regenerated itself 10-15 times over the past three years from scratch.  This would strongly imply that the skill and expertise level would tend to decline as time advances as the skilled cadres are killed off every other month.  However we are not seeing that with the changes in roadside bombs, better sniping techniques, more complicated ambushes etc.  This kill ratio is fantasy if it is an aggregate kill ratio.


Secondly, following up on that AP article, the Iraqi MOD figures that they are losing at unity rates to the insurgents.  That has been a consistent trend for the past year, that the few resources that the insurgencies have that are not engaged against the US is producing a battlefield draw against the Iraqi government units.  If these are the follow on forces that are supposed to stand up, they are having their asses kicked. 

FC Wallace quiz, who said:

1. Saddam Hussein HAS WMD.

2. I believe we will be treated as liberators.

3. We did not anticipate an insurgency.

4. Mission accomplished.

5. US is withdrawing troops in 2006.

6. Bring 'em on.

7. islamic fundamentalists are 'freedom fighters'

8. shook hands with Saddam and helped arm him in 1980's.

9. we are fighting the ruthless foreign killers in Iraq

a. George Bush and Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran

b. Dick Cheney and  Ayman al-Zawahiri

c. Paul Bremer

d. George W. Bush and Ayman al-Zawahiri

e. George W. Bush and Ayman al-Zawahiri

f.  Ronald Reagan when the USA and Suadi fundamentalists formed and funded al Queda in the 1980's

g. rummy

h. George W. Bush and Ayman al-Zawahiri

Re: Cereal Box Strategy________________
That was hilarious!
Toasties with the Mosties?
lol

People here don't hope our troops lose, whatever that means in thie context of Iraq.. Bush has put them (including my wounded ex-Marine nephew who was hurt the first day into Iraq from Kuwait in March 2003) in a no-win situation. So either you don't understand that, or you are a liar. I don't think you are a liar, but I think you're wasting a lot of your energy supporting a clueless administration that is harming our country. So most of us just flat out disagree with you. Does disagreeing with you make people unpatiotic? I don't think so and my guess is neither do you.

I thought the point was that the Communist Party USA supported the civil-rights movement and the logical flaw would be to say therefore everyone who supported the civil rights movement was a Communist.

I read #27 again after I typed my last reply. I'm not sure I understand it, but if that poster said American troops should be killed than I'm with you on this one SFC. That's awful. However, 99.9% of posters on this site aren't like that.

Representative Murtha and a few others have made a good start, but to date they are alone (isolated ?) in their categorical statements.  This needs to now become a party wide talking point.  There shouldn't be a day that goes by without a Democratic leader offering this point to the  MSM.  Anyway, doesn't anyone else feel the time to start this process is now in a deliberate, coordinated way?
Anybody else hear Evan Bayh this morning from Iraq?  He could have been George Bush.  Granted, he can't spout the Bush policy with the popular cowboy style of W but it is the same policy.  With the exception of a few old soldiers like Murtha who appreciate the costs of political cowardice, they are identical to Republicans.  They nuance here and there but when it comes to authorizing the money and looking the other way at the violations of human rights in Iraq and of civil rights at home, they are the same party.

irishkg:  yep.   "yes-men" promotions

Olden:    excellent point!  :-)

 

I read #27 again after I typed my last reply. I'm not sure I understand it, but if that poster said American troops should be killed than I'm with you on this one SFC. That's awful. However, 99.9% of posters on this site aren't like that.
But 0% commented on it or rated it as innapropriate until I pointed it out to you.

While I'm not a military historian, I've done a bit of reading on the subject, and I remember seeing the generalization that air campaigns alone (I'm not talking about the German Blitzkrieg, which was supported by the simultaneous Panzer invasions) are an abysmal failure.  They're meant to demoralize and weaken the civilian population as well as the military, but they have the opposite effect.  They failed for the Germans in their Blitz of the UK in WWII and they failed for the Allies in their bombing of Germany, where they only induced a stubborn fatalism in the population.  It wasn't until the land war caught up with the Germans that their armies collapsed.

We've already looked at how effective the bombing of N. Vietnam was higher up in this thread.  There's no reason to think Iraq will prove different.  I don't know if it will be possible to alienate the Iraqis from us any further, but I imagine an air campaign is the way to do it.

And to the various trolls on this thread who want to shout "treason" and defeatist":  you might want to consider how far you're willing to dig before the law of holes kicks in.

I thought the point was that the Communist Party USA supported the civil-rights movement and the logical flaw would be to say therefore everyone who supported the civil rights movement was a Communist.
I never said the Dem's were a member of Al-Queda, I said they seem to be using the same talking points. But looking at your Civil Rights - Communist Party comparison, the Dem's could support the same goals as Al-Queada without supporting Al-Queda.

The only one I can think of that may have worked was the NATO bombing of Belgrade when Clinton was in office (and we hit the Chinese embassy accidentally).

Publius ignoramus raised an interesting question, although it is not easily answered: Have we failed in Iraq? Publius thinks Yes, I'm less certain.

Given W's string of luck and bail-outs prior to his presidency he might get lucky here, too. Certainly our troops would rather succeed than fail, regardless of politics. The deeper issue is whether success founded on failure is still success.

The failure at the start was the clumsy manuevering at the UN, the puffed-up intel, the limp set of allies, and the shifting rationale. The root failure was charcterizing this intervention as a defense against an existential threat.

So the aftermath will be deeply flawed, even if relatively successful. I feel like Hector after Paris started a war. I can't hope for defeat but I can't applaud victory. Thanks a bunch, George. 

I hear friends over there generally saying they feel more secure, but that's relative -- most don't mix with the population. There are areas that are secure and where efforts are helping the population; I've been approached about possibly contributing to the educational system in one area.

Bombs don't, but the people that aim them do. I have military friends there and also who have come back (some scheduled to return), and I know they try their best to aim correctly.

While I didn't support the original plan of invasion, I believe there is both an ethical and legal (Geneva Convention on the duties of Occupying Powers) to help establish the Iraqis' security. Cordesman and colleagues at CSIS seem to be doing a decent job of independently monitoring the progress in this area. I also recognize some of the people being assigned to the Iraqi training mission as being considered the best and brightest of the Army -- there is a real commitment by the uniformed people assigned to that duty.

I'd argue that many generals (and I'll throw in some colonels) definitely warrant their rank. As far as acumen, let me suggest reading books by some of the people.

COL HR Masterman's Dereliction of Duty is the best single book I have seen on the failures of US political leadership with respect to Viet Nam, including getting into the situation, micromanaging the war, and the chaotic exit. Masterman commands an armored cavalry regiment.

BG Daniel Bolger has written extensively on training, motivation, and doctrine -- I'd guess at least 6 books.

LTG Dave Petraeus has returned from heading the training effort, and now is in doctrinal development, commanding the Combined Arms Center. While I haven't read it, he is coauthor of NATO at Forty: Change Continuity, & Prospects.

There have been sufficient qualitative changes in airpower that there can be little question that a conventional military force can be severely damaged by airpower. There is also little question that airpower cannot defeat insurgencies, although it can be an adjunct to the ground troops directly fighting insurgents, as well as contributing to finding them.

I really am confused by your point, in that there is no large-scale air campaign in progress. Who is suggesting victory through bombing? I don't know a single professional soldier saying this, although there may be uninformed comments from politicians.

The highest priority, in my mind, is training and otherwise preparing indigenous security forces to take over Iraqi security. See the independent work on this by Cordesman and associates at http://www.csis.org.

Here I agree on what was probably the worst policy-level mistake once the decision to invade was made. It's not that the US hadn't prepared for potential insurgency.

Apparently, no one at the civilian policy level bothered to consider the detailed planning, considering different cases of insurgency, that was done for the WWII occupation of Germany. See http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/documents/cossac/Cossac.htm with special regard to OPERATION RANKIN CASE C, which was a plan for a situation similar to what was faced in Iraq.

I find this an excellent statement of my emotions as we try to work out the consequences of bad decisions.

From the people I know over there, training Iraqis is the top priority.

hcberkowitz -
I would appreciate your explaining why you believe my comment #14 is "inappropriate"
Here's what prompted my question. noblesse referenced Sy Hersh article and the opinion that generals in the field were not qualified to be at that level. 
I have no basis to know whether that was a valid view.  So having read (don't remember where) that Rumsfeld had taken over the upper level military promotions I wondered if the switch to civilian selection had anything to do with the field assessment.

First, I have far more problems with the civilian leadership than the generals in the field. I see them primarily doing a decent job within the constraints and policies available in a situation that was not, by any means, in an optimal state once the high-intensity combat is over.

I'd like to see some specific evidence that Rumsfeld is involved in promotions, at least below the four-star level. Historically, the promotion board process is something the uniformed services guard jealously from the civilian side, and even from officers not on the boards. For example, LTG Buster Glosson, architect of the Desert Storm air war and presumably with a lock on four stars, retired early, and the general buzz was that he tried to influence promotion boards.

Actually, the Battle of Algiers is rotuinely shown in Iraq to the troops and officers there.  Many of the military in Iraq are now on there third and fourth tours in Iraq or the Mid East. Their understanding of the cultures of the Mid East, the tribes and political situation in Iraq is quite thorough and vastly exceeds most of the commentators taking potshots at them from the US.

"that imprecision of the U.S. strikes is likely to generate more insurgents than are killed."

Sy Hersh's accuracy is whole lot worse than US bombers, regadless of the altitude they are flying.  This whole report seems pretty fishy.  What reason does the US military have to put their planes at higher altitude?  There has not been a single fixed wing aircraft shot down in Iraq during all of Operation Iraqi freedom.  And really with laser and GPS guided bombs our guys and gasl use,accuracy is not a function of the alltitude of the aircraft.
HCM died the leader of the totalitarian dictatorship he founded.  Saddam Hussein is going to die on the end of a rope this year.

Saddam may studied HCM, but so did General Abizaid.

... but Seymour Hersh's accuracy is a hell of a lot better than the Bush administration's.

Then they really know in their "heart of hearts" that we are mired in a quaqmire.

hc - add me to the confused list. You seem to be giving me "1"'s (and one "2") when you don't agree with me and "4"'s when you do. Giving a "1" when you disagree is not what you should be doing.

Perhaps I don't follow you. The Hersh reference gave no detail on why generals were incompetent. Personally, I tend not to propagate articles about topics about which I have no experience, but I suppose that's an individual preference.

Now, I am not trying to be sarcastic, but it didn't seem as if you were questioning whether Rumsfeld was or was not interfering with promotions, but seemed to state it as a given, not a question. Again, you give no source for the opinion that he was.

A reasonable knowledge of the history and yes, internal politics, of the uniformed US military is that there is an extreme sensitivity to interference with promotion boards. I should give the caveat that promotions to four-star, and to some extent three-star, rank is not done by promotion boards but by a process of selecting individuals for 3- and 4-star posts.

In general, I find posts that have no source attribution, and no individual claim to knowledge to add noise rather than information.

I don't argue that the Bush administration is not the most credible in history, but you seem to be changing the subject from technical characteristics of weapons to political opinion. I do agree that there is no particular reason for US aircraft to bomb from what is, militarily, called "high altitude". Hersh or others may be using technical terms rather casually.

In the original post, I believe, there was a comment about moving from close air support to high-altitude bombing. This doesn't make sense, with a knowledge of specific weapons. In Afghanistan, Special Forces units were designating targets at "danger close" ranges, to be hit with JDAM guided munitions from B-52 aircraft at high altitude. Close support is the mission, which is independent of the specific weapon type or optimal delivery altitude.

My impression, without going through every post, is that I have given a 1 or 2 when the post came across as emotional without content. I am perfectly willing to give a 5 to a reasoned, preferably referenced post that absolutely disagrees with me on a matter of policy.

Really?  You know what US military personnel in Iraq know in their heart of hearts?

Here is a couple of verterans of Iraq and Afghanistan speaking with there heart to Murtha and Moran.

Most polling data will show about one out of three people in the US military are opposed to the war in Iraq.  Almost without exception they never let that opposition interfere with their duties.  But heart of hearts, it is two to one, that we are winning.

Well, if they understand the culture of the area as well as you say they could figure out that we're going to perceived as imperialist occupiers, regardless of the intentions of individual soldiers. Remember Bush only found out the difference between Sunnis and Shiites in January 2003, so we can see he didn't know (and probably still doesn't know) much about the region. One of my former students briefed him before the war. She said his ignorance was appalling.

Okay, the Americans are inflicting 160 enemy casualties for every friendly loss.  

Estimate losses at 2400, American and Coalition, excluding Iraqi police and army of course.

This gives us roughly 380,000.

We can assume that the Kurds are not getting involved, and the Shiites with only minor exceptions, are not in full scale revolt and combat.  The resistant population is principally Sunni, who constitute about 15 to 20% of the population.

Iraq's population is about 24,000,000 ballpark.  So, the Sunni representation is about 3.600,000   to 4,800,000.

Now, not all of that population will be potential combatants. 

We can exclude women, which reduces us to 1,800,000 to 2,400,000, of potential active male population.

Out of this demographic, we can reasonably exclude the young, under the age of 14, the elderly, 55 and over, and the physically disabled, incapacitated or infirm.   So excluding the potential noncombatants, say... 30% of the male population?  That leaves us with 1,260,000 to 1,680,000.

Soooooo....

We've killed somewhere between 33 and 22% of the combat age and capable male population of the Sunni ethnic community.

I have two reactions to this statistic.

The first reaction is that if it is indeed true, then the United States is engaged in outright genocide.

The numbers become even more appalling if we assume a comparable rate of casualties among civilians and bystanders.  Assuming that an equal amount of civilians get killed in the crossfire and that these civilians are principally in Sunni areas, this amounts to another 380,000 divided between male and female.

At which point we are looking at a mortality rate of between 49.5% and 33% for the male Sunni population, and as much as 16.5 to 11% among the female Sunni population.

Genocide is right.

Now, we can discount that a bit here and there.  The Kurds obviously have not taken losses.  But there's been uprisings in the Shiite community.  Assuming that 20% of our body count is Shiite...   that still leaves roughly 40% to 27% of the male population and 13% to 9% of the female population pushing up daisies.  

Blend them together, and your total casualty figures for the male and female population are roughly 27% to 18%.   Factor in the too young, too old, disabled and otherwise noncombatants, and you're looking at a general population wide reduction of 18% to 12%, with losses concentrated in the critical productive male demographic.

Of course, no community can sustain these levels of loss, even a 5% loss overall is devastating, and we're far beyond that, with weighting which will magnify the impact on this society. 

With levels of casualties like this, we should be seeing most of the cities and towns ruined, huge movements or refugee populations, mass graves the size of football fields.  A worldwide condemnation of a human holocaust which cannot be concealed.

Which, somehow, we're all managing to miss....

So this takes us to hypothesis #2, which is that the statistic is utter bullshit, and we've got that  Vietnam body-inflation thing happening.

But this takes us into further realms.   How reliable is any information or argument which includes that sort of bullshit statistic?

Food for thought....



Most U.S. military officers on the ground sincerely believe that we have reached a tipping point where we are killing enough insurgents that their will to fight is being sapped.

Would someone please explain to me how you sap the will to fight from insurgents who value death over life?  As long as insurgents believe they are doing God's will, nothing is going to be sapped, and this statement points out to me yet again that military commanders and planners, along with the executive branch, still haven't got a clue who, or what, the enemy is.

This IS NO "tipping point".

Not in a tribal society where everybody in someone's family is obligated to revenge their death.

Try to get it through the thick skulls of US troops and intelligence people: YOU DON'T HAVE A CLUE! 

What the hell are we going to do when the US and Israel bombs Iran in the next three to six months? What do you think the Shia in Iraq are going to do? Sure, they remember the Iran-Iraq war. They also remember that the Iranians are Shia. They KNOW that the US is attacking Iran for no good reason, just as the US attacked Iraq. They will ALSO see the Iranian counterattack as the perfect opportunity to get rid of the US.

Which means, regardless of what our puppets in the Iraqi government want, the Shia of organizations like SCIRI and al Sadr's group, who have been quietly organizing in the south of Iraq for months, are going to join the Sunni insurgency - or more precisely, start their OWN insurgency while preparing to deal with the Sunnis after the US is driver out.

Which means US casualties are going to SOAR into the stratosphere. The US CANNOT fight an insurgency on the ground all around them AND fight six million Iranian militiamen at the same time - not without using tactical nuclear weapons and carpet-bombing entire Iranian and Iraqi cities off the map.

The result will make Vietnam look like a tea party. Expect casualty rates of several hundred a DAY - not per month. Expect ten thousand or more casualties in ninety days from the start of the Iranian retaliation. Expect fifty thousand casualties a YEAR if the war lasts that long. Remember - the Iranians sent thousands of teenage boys ahead of their troops to clear minefields during the Iran-Iraq war. How long do you think US troops are going to be happy about massacring teenagers? (Of course, I'm sure US troops will get used to it - they did in Vietnam.)

There is virtually no doubt that the neocons intend to start a war with Iran - and possibly Syria, too. There is also no doubt that Benjamin Netanyahu will authorize the bombing of Iran if he takes power now that Sharon is out of it - he has said he will do this publicly. Bush needs the distraction of a major war to keep the Republicans in power and to authorize further erosions of US civil rights.

What are you going to do about this? Better think fast - all the evidence indicates the Israelis want to move at the end of March or thereafter. That gives you three months tops to stop the biggest military disaster in US history.

Petraeus?

Don't make me laugh. I read constant crap quotes from this moron back in 2003 when he was over there.

He's a complete idiot and a liar to boot.

Anybody who buys ANYTHING a top military officer says is insane. These people get to their ranks by lying about everything from the readiness of their troops to the quality of the supplies inventory. And they don't make public statements except to lie to the public.

I spent three years in the US military from 1967-1970. And I doubt very seriously if the "new" Army is in any significant way different from the old one - despite the downsizing, the higher level recruiting and all that other crap we hear from the Pentagon.

The bottom line: the US military is INCAPABLE of winning ANY insurgency, let alone the one in Iraq. Anybody who believes differently is beyond ignorance of reality. 

 


For those of you who had trouble with the quiz, the correct answers are: 1)a  2)c  3)b  4)c  5)d.  

And I'm not the one who claims to support the troops at all.

I sincerely hope they lose.

And they WILL lose.

And THEN maybe the trauma of that loss will make the United States reconsider its policies - as the trauma of Vietnam made it do so (to some small degree, anyway.) 

After the Iran war starts up in the next few months, and THOUSANDS upon THOUSANDS of US troops end up dead - again, for NOTHING but the benefit of Israel and the bank accounts of cronies of the neocons - maybe the US citizenry will finally pull its collective head of its butt and stop listening to rightwing morons who think they know it all.

Oh, wait... Naah... Never happen. The US citizenry isn't capable.

I expect to sit back and enjoy the show, however it turns out. 

Have a nice day. 

hc - add me to the confused list. You seem to be giving me "1"'s (and one "2") when you don't agree with me and "4"'s when you do. Giving a "1" when you disagree is not what you should be doing.
HELLO!!! Kettle, this is the Pot it doesn't get any blacker than You!!!!!

We can’t get out.If we do there will be a huge explosion and civil war. Why do you think the Shia have exercised such restraint as dozens to hundreds of their people are murdered every day? Because the U.S. has been leaning on them very, very hard.
We can’t stay.If we do, more Americans will continue to die in a needless mess that only prolongs the inevitable collapse of the nation once called Iraq.
The only solution is to eat a huge slice of humble pie—an apology to the world. It goes something like this:
“We’re so very sorry. Because of 9-11 our fear of terrorism blinded us. We followed an ideological zealot who did the world and—we now realize—his own country, a grievous wrong.”
We present this apology to the U.N in the form of a very long parchment with 300 million signatures and promise 100 billion a year to a fund for rebuilding, regardless of what happens. We then leave and Americans take a mass purgative pledge to never vote for a Republican again.

Dude, at least you're honest about it, I'll give you credit for that.

Who said:1. Saddam Hussein HAS WMD. George Bush, Tony Blair, Vladamir Putin, Hasni Mubarick, John Kerry, Dick Durbin, Nancy Pelosi, Hillary Clinton, Ted Kennedy, Joe Biden...http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=%22Saddam+Hussei n+HAS+WMD%22&btnG=Search
2. I believe we will be treated as liberators.apparently, nobody.http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=%22I+believe+we+will+be+ treated+as+liberators%22&spell=1
3.We did not anticipate an insurgency.uh...strike 2http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=%22We+did+not+an ticipate+an+insurgency%22&btnG=Search
4. Mission accomplished.Synthia Laura Molinohttp://www.missionaccomplished.com/wst_page4.html
5.US is withdrawing troops in 2006Nope...againhttp://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=%22US+is+withdra wing+troops+in+2006%22&btnG=Search
6. Bring 'em on. Torrance Shipmanhttp://www.bringitonmovie.com/
7. islamic fundamentalists are 'freedom fighters' Ciny Sheehan called the insurgents freedom fighters, but as for your quote...nadahttp://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=%22islamic+funda mentalists+are+%27freedom+fighters%27+&btnG=Search
8. shook hands with Saddam and helped arm him in 1980's.No one said it however, Marc Rich did ithttp://www.google.com/search?svnum=10&hl=en&q=marc%20rich %20and%20saddam&spell=1&sa=N&tab=iw
9. we are fighting the ruthless foreign killers in IraqCricket chirp-cricket chirp... http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=%22we+are+fighti ng+the+ruthless+foreign+killers+in+Iraq+&btnG=Search
You no I'm sensing a pattern here, your not very good at this, but I think I found your problem. If you use actual quotes, instead of "made up " ones, you'd probably have a little more luck. But hey, when have y'all been bothered by little things like the facts.

Fine, I won't make you laugh. Did you have any specific criticisms, or did you just want to flame in all directions? I cited written works by all officers i mentioned; you didn't criticize a single detail in any. You claim "constant crap quotes from this moron" in 2003, but you don't give any examples.

You are claiming that your experience,over 30 years old, qualifies you to state the Army is no different todayt Whether or not you served in the Civil War or Panama, there are recent references you could cite and criticize, on both sides of the issue.

It is responses like this that helps some of the Administration games, when the responses fail to have substance but can easily be dismissed as ad hominems. If one wants to attack Administration policy, specific criticisms are most likely to be useful. Tell me, is there anything in what you said that would at all interest a reporter, who then might write a critical story that might have political impact?

#2 was Cheney on Meet the Press. #3 was Bremer recently. Rummy shook hands with Hussein. That picture's been all over the world.

Lose in the sense of getting out of Iraq, not in the sense of being killed.

What are you talking about? I don't think I ever gave you a 1. Why are you so angry, just because we don't agree with you? If you think your angry approach to dialogue is going to make anyone rethink her/his ideas, I believe you're sadly mistaken. If all you want to do is vent and waste time - what's the point?

What are you talking about? I don't think I ever gave you a 1. Why are you so angry, just because we don't agree with you? If you think your angry approach to dialogue is going to make anyone rethink her/his ideas, I believe you're sadly mistaken. If all you want to do is vent and waste time - what's the point?
No anger, I was laughing sooo hard it may have appeared as anger, my eyes did roll out of the back of my head. It just cracks me up when you guys are soooo shocked that some one who doesn't like your opinion gives you a 1 or 2 rating... when my average for nearly 1000 posts hovers around the square root of 2. I'm soory, it just cracks me up.

Hey Sarge, I give a rats ass about talking points.   I'm not interested in dueling talking points or bullshit inferences.  Using your method, I can prove Jesus was a card carrying Stalinist, that Ghandi was a warmonger and that Martin Luther King shot Kennedy.

Instead, I prefer to deal in facts.   Let's play Q&A:

1)   Who was it that pretended that lied repeatedly about an alleged meeting between Saddam's people and Al Quaeda in Czechoslovakia?

2)   Who was it that claimed Saddam had a fleet of drone aircraft ready to attack the American mainland with biological and chemical weapons?

3)   Who was it that showed up at the UN with 'artists depictions of biological weapons labs' ie, cartoons, and meaningless intercepted cell phone transcripts that proved nothing?

4)   Who linked 9/11 and Iraq together in just about every speech?

5)    Who was it that lied to the American people in a State of the Union Address about Iraq trying to buy Uranium from Niger?

6)   Who was it that announced to the American people that they knew what and how much chemical and biological weapons Iraq had, down to the last litre, and that 'we know exactly where they are.'

7)   Who was it that decided to invade on the cheap?

8)    Who was it that torpedoed General Shinseki when he said that America would need far more troops for an occupation.

9)    Who has just claimed that they didn't anticipate the insurgency?

10)   Who was it that tried to arrest Moqtadr Sadr, thereby touching off not one, but two major Shiite revolts?

11)  Which country is it that after three years of occupation, still can't rebuild Iraq's power grid to the point where Saddam Hussein got it within 3 months of the Gulf War?

12)   Who threw out several volumes of the State Department's plans for reconstruction of Iraq, in favour of....   I dunno, looting?

13)  Speaking of looting, which country was it that stood back and let Iraq's libraries and ministries burn, allowed the looting of every government building and the beginning of a crime wave that is going on to this day?

14)  Who decided it would be a good idea to import Militias and Mercenaries into Iraq, including flying in Ahmad Chalabli's private militia on US military aircraft?

15)   When did the Fallujah crisis start?   a) When American troops shot 14 people in a crowd demonstrating against the occupation of an elementary school?  b) When angry Fallujans killed four mercenaries who were in town, armed and undercover on unknown business?  c) When an idiot politician in America decided to make an example of Fallujah and touched off a countrywide revolt?  d) When that same idiot politician realized he'd bitten off more than he could chew and handed Fallujah to the insurgents?  f) After safely winning an electlion, said idiot politician decided he could safely wipe the city off the face of the earth?

16)   What exactly is the strategic plan for victory?   Ha.  Trick question, there isn't one.

17)   Who keeps trying to cut Veterans benefits, particularly medical care?

18)   Who tried to cut back soldiers pay, and hardship bonuses?

19)  Who couldn't be bothered to up-armour hummers and save a few lives?

20)   Who couldn't be bothered to invest in better body armour and save a few lives?

21)  Who is forcing soldiers to buy their own gear, down to boots and socks?

Here's a few answers for you, bucko.   It ain't John Kerry, it ain't John Murtha, it ain't Howard Dean.

The truth is that your charming little war was conceived in lies and deceit.   There was no intelligence failure.  They were lying and they knew it, and they told any story they could come up with.

The planning of the war was incompetent, as the failures of the immediate aftermath in the wave of burning and looting show.

The occupation has been incomptent, triggering several outright rebellions, failing at reconstruction, and essentially triggering a resistance movement which it cannot cope with.  Your boys are committing war crimed, bucko, and that's a fact.  You are also losing, and that's a fact.

And finally, your beloved President, and your Republican Congress, seem devoted to screwing Soldiers and Veterans over at every turn.   It seems that the troops are good enough to die for Bush, but they're not good enough to pay well, equip properly or bother to take care of if they get shot up a bit.

Now, I'm a Canadian, and I don't really have a dog in this fight.  I'm not a Democrat or a Republican.  But up here in Canada, when we get into a war, we have a different attitude.   Your approach seems to be to shout and scream about 'supporting the troops', where a bumper sticker with a flag on it, and then wallow around like a drunk drowning in a bathtub.   Up here, we prefer to win.

This comment from an American in Iraq working for a news organization, posted to Informed Commen,t is chilling.

So, let me get this straight, Sarge:   You support the troops, and all the evil liberals don't?  

And to prove this, you offer up some children's version of selected quotes, so you can prove your thesis with talking points?

Christ on a Crutch, I could use the same methods to prove Richard Nixon was a communist, Mahatma Ghandi a warmonger, Mother Theresa a slut, and Jesus himself an avowed and dedicated Stalinist!

Meanwhile, you seem to ignore the fact that the US went into a war based on nothing but a series of lies.  Not errors, but lies.  The only question is who was lying.  Its either the Bush administration was fed lies, and like a pack of morons believed it.  Or they knew it was lies and used it. There's very clear indications that the Bush administration knew what they were saying was untrue.   One thing it wasn't, was an honest mistake.

Having gone into Iraq, the occupation has been bungled nonstop from beginning to end.  Its clear that there's no strategy.  Even this latest thread which discusses a 'tipping point' shows that US forces are completely clueless about how to deal with the problem.

Meanwhile, a Republican President and a Republican Congress are trying to screw the troops at every turn, from stop loss orders, to cutting back on military pay, not providing humvee or body armour, forcing soldiers to buy their own gear, and then screwing them over as veterans, including cutting back on medical care...

But somehow, *you* support the troops, and the evil liberals don't.   You aren't a troll.  You're just a fool.
The US CANNOT fight an insurgency on the ground all around them

I think the "all around them" is the major point that that the delusional neocons and their culturally ignorant followers refuse to accept.  Sheesh, we're nearly 150 years from the American Civil War and we've still got a region that raises the rebel flag up the pole and our elections are still supposedly fought over culture wars.  Culture is hugely difficult to change.  All the old analogies to WWII never did apply in Iraq.  The Germans were culturallly Western and the Japanese weren't surrounded with a dozen other culturally Japanese states.  This never was a military problem so any measure of military success is meaningless.  Culture will win out.
For misleading the American people, and launching the most foolish war since Emperor Augustus in 9 B.C sent his legions into Germany and lost them, Bush deserves to be impeached and, once he has been removed from office, put on trial along with the rest of the president's men. If convicted, they'll have plenty of time to mull over their sins.
Martin van Creveld
Professor of Military History
Hebrew University, Jerusalem


Signs all my emails
hcberkowitz -
I am not sure where it is best to start.  As I write I will try to use generic words so I don't misuse words that have a precise meaning in the military.
First - I am on the defensive: I am not all that bad.I come to this discussion with no serious military expertise and a long term interest in the political.  Having worked with military and ex-military on defense projects in a national laboratory setting I have some knowledge of military processes and a respect for the integraity and competence of the people I met.
Second - I don't want to increase the politicization of career/professional promotions in the federal government.  I have done searches and cannot find references to substantiate my memory that Rumsfeld had crossed into territory of moving military personnel into the "upper" ranks.  When I read that the military felt those decisions were all or almost all their responsiblity I am concerned the excess politicization lessens the importance of demonstrated professional competence. 
Third, I try not to blindly accept where I agree and automatically dismiss when I disagree.As to the critique about lt. colonels and generals associated Hersh I wanted to understand if Hersh had explained the genesis of this critique.  
I don't assume that you or anyone else who posts here knows my intent or what I know, but I did ask the question to learn. By your answers here I have learned.  Thanks.  [And to those who wonder if I am thin-skinned when I get slapped, yes I am.]
1/8/06 Comment #544:
 Do We Live in the United States of Amnesia? .. or .. Why the Iraq War May Cost More Than $1 Trillion,
by Chuck Spinney
Defense and the National Interest

[Offers hand of friendship, appreciating an obviously sincere response.]


As I believe I mentioned, the uniformed military is extremely sensitive about interfering with their long-established promotion process. One moderately recent example is LTG Buster Glosson, who commanded air operations in Desert Storm, finding himself retired early because he was perceived to use undue influence on a promotion board.

Going back further, in Benjamin Schlemmer's book, The Raid [revised edition], on the attempted POW rescue operation at the North Vietnamese camp at Son Tay, the author quotes a senior civilian issue -- I think SecDef Melvin Laird, but I need to check -- who tried to get a promotion to brigadier general for COL Bull Simons, the on-scene commander and a legend in Special Forces. At that point, GEN William Westmoreland was Army Chief of Staff, the top uniformed officer in the Army. Westmoreland refused, objecting to outside interference and then citing various reasons that Simons, an absolutely proven commander, was not eligible for promotion, such as not having completed the War College.

I have no reason to believe this sensitivity is not still present. I'm wondering, however, if Hirsh is referring to the appointment of 3- and 4-star generals, which is not done by promotion boards. These ranks go with actual positions, so when an eligible 2- or 3-star is named, for example, to head Central Command, they get a fourth star. Especially at the four-star level, I would, indeed, expect input from the [civilian policy] Office of the Secretary of Defense.

A number of these posts have specific terms, so what is sometimes perceived as a firing may simply be not reappointing the individual. This is what happened to GEN Eric Shinsheki, Army Chief of Staff who, reportedly, wanted a much larger Iraqi occupation force.

Sometimes, the structure of positions changes, and politics -- not necessarily bad politics -- may be involved. For example, LTG Richard Sanchez was the senior commander in Iraq at the time of the Abu Ghraib revelations. While he was not charged, in reading the detailed report by MG Taguba, it's arguable that he did not exercise appropriate supervision -- and there is a legal and traditional concept that the senior commander bears ultimate responsibility.

This has been a controversial argument since the questionable execution of Japanese general Yamashita following WWII. Yamashita had taken positive steps to prevent atrocities in the Phillipines, but the Manila area commander "declined to obey" and massacred the population of Manila. Many arguments have been made that MacArthur demanded Yamashita's execution, because earlier in the war, forces under Yamashita's command beat forces under MacArthur.

In the case of Sanchez, his post was redesigned to be a 4-star job, almost certainly with OSD input, and he was replaced by GEN George Casey. The most recent reference I can find for him shows him stil as a LTG; I am trying to find a current assignment. Shall we say it was not a career-enhancing transfer?

This appears to be an excellent summary of where to go next, in an appropriate way, with domestic politics and serious political debate.


[Just a side note -- I finally had to print it to get the full sense of the post; the generous use of blank lines made it hard to read].

I hope it triggers a focused discussion of talking points, appropriate in Congress and in campaigns.

hc -  Hat tip back.
..."appointment of 3- and 4-star generals, which is not done by promotion boards. These ranks go with actual positions, so when an eligible 2- or 3-star is named, for example, to head Central Command, they get a fourth star. Especially at the four-star level, I would, indeed, expect input from the [civilian policy] Office of the Secretary of Defense. A number of these posts have specific terms, so what is sometimes perceived as a firing may simply be not reappointing the individual. This is what happened to GEN Eric Shinsheki, Army Chief of Staff..."
Two ways to move up ranks at the top end of military ranks?  1. Get it from the military service controlled promotion board and then I presume person would move into a job of that higher rank2. Be assigned to a job with a higher rank and then the person "automatically" gets that rank. 
First why 2 methods - is one more expeditious? Other?
Second, when Shinseki moved out of the higher ranked job he went back to his rank prior to getting the job?  Makes no sense to me that the Army Chief of Staff would not be promoted via normal Army process.  If so then I would assume that Shinseki would keep that higher rank rank, unless found through some military process that he deserved to be "demoted" a rank.
As to Abu Ghraid I have never understood why the military principle of responsiblity for ordering the "wrong" actions or failing to know of the "wrong" actions did not apply.  Is this a situation where in effect civilian leadership basically acknowledged that Sanchez acted or failed to act because he followed civilian direction so he in effect was not responsible?

[Thanks for letting me respond to a comment. For some reason, I can't scroll down to the bottom of the page any longer; I get to a discussion by a Canadian poster and the page freezes]

Some of this is a matter of tradition as much as law. Ranks higher than 2-star (let's ignore the unique case of WWII 5-stars) are "temporary". The highest "permanent" rank of active duty officer is 2-star (major general [MG] or rear admiral/upper half [RADM]). Higher ranks are associated with the position rather than the individual. Normally, when an 3-4 star leaves a position, it is for one of the same or higher rank, or they retire. Unless they are retiring in disgrace -- and it happens -- the Congress usually makes the higher rank (and retirement pay) permanent. One such example is Poindexter, who was a 3-star as National Security Advisor, but reverted to 2-star.

The idea of temporary and permanent also applies to lower ranks, since typically one wants to retire in the highest paying rank possible. I've known a fair number of enlisted personnel who had been wartime temporary officers, served the rest of their time to retirement as enlisted, but showed up in officer uniform at retirement.


You ask why there are two systems, and I honestly can't give you much of an answer other than tradition, some literally dealing with issues such as the highest permanent rank accepted by George Washington. To give a modern answer, 3-and 4-star jobs are usually at a level where they make policy or represent the US, and, arguably, there will be a significant problem if they don't agree with the current administration. We see some of this, for example, when the two-year term of a service chief or JCS chairman (usually extended to four and rarely six) runs from one administration into another. There have been times where the conflict was so bad that the officer either was asked to retire, or to transfer to a very different assignment, such as an ambassador.

Shinseki retired from Army CoS, in the rank of full general. Most service chiefs do this, unless they become Chairman/Vice Chairman of the JCS, or go into a few prestigious posts such as the dual-hat Europe/NATO command. Many senior posts are considered the last one in a career. For example, heads of technical organizations, such as NSA or DISA, are three-star specialists and often retire from that slot. It's getting a little more common for the intelligence people to go to 4-star posts, although it happens. I worked for one former NSA director after his retirement at 3 stars.

Let me not go on too long, but I'll try to answer other questions. I just may not be able to see new original posts at the bottom of the page.


Howard

I highly doubt this 160:1 kill ratio.  If you've read any of the commentary by American soldiers and marines in Iraq, they consistently speak of an enemy in hiding who strikes via IEDs, short-lived ambushes, and suicide bombs.  It's a possibility that the 160:1 ratio applies only to the recent switch over to high-altitude bombing, but there are 2 problems with this scenario.  1)  The insurgents don't wear uniforms and collect in large groups & 2)  The rate of American casualties hasn't decreased.  Is the United States engaging in terror-bombing of Sunni Arab cities in Iraq under the guise of striking concentrated areas of insurgents?  Welcome to Grozny writ large, America.

tlees asked:

... which means what?

It means quite a lot to the families and friends of the 2210 dead US service members that have died in this screwed up mess. It means the same to all the others who have perished in this tragic boondoggle.

And Nelson stated:

Saddam Hussein is going to die on the end of a rope this year .... Saddam may studied HCM, but so did General Abizaid.

We aren't fighting Saddam. Although we are engaged with Saddam prepared tribal organized insurgents. Saddam could could go belly-up tomorrow and the insurgency would still grind on.

Now the same insurgent tactics that HCM used are being used currently. Correct? And geez Nelson... Don't play me for a fool. There's no doubt Abizaid studied HCM. Although the first hurdle for Abizaid in Iraq is it's not his country he's fighting for. And he's fully aware of that. Abizaid also studied the tenets of the Art of War. There are two major tenets in the Art of War specific to the success of operating from the insurgent's side; Attack your opponent where he is unprepared and appear when you're not expected. [and] If slightly inferior in numbers, avoid the enemy; if quite unequal in ever way, flee from the enemy. Over and over and over and over. On the other hand, there are two other tenets of the Art of War that are very critical points related to engaging an insurgency such as we are facing; If the campaign is protracted, the resources of the State will not be equal to the strain. [and] There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolong warfare.

The facts on the ground continue to prove that the insurgent's tactics of HCM are still continuing to grind along and cause not only death to the soldiers and civilians in Iraq, but a continuing disruption of rebuilding Iraq's devastated infrastructure and thereby their economy. Although the major problem the continuing insurgency also causes, is a strain and a weakening of the will here at home in addition to a drain on our own economy. That's what this continuing insurgency is all about. Plus, in the meantime, the killing fields are begetting fresh recruits every single day....

Last point: Whether or not Saddam checks out on the end of a rope this year makes no difference to a zealot as he's proved to be. On the contrary. Most Western civilized bozos still can't get it through their soft brains what martyrdom is truly about and the effects on future generations ....

Blowback has been and will be hell to pay.

I seriously hope this has clarified my position.

And Goodnight!

~OGD~

Hi tlees:

Read my reply to your question below Nelson next post...

~OGD~ 

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